{
    "tag": 6909,
    "title": "Seafloor character, 5 m resolution--Offshore of Aptos, California",
    "pubdate": "2015",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": "DS 781",
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/pcmsc\/SeriesReports\/DS_DDS\/DS_781\/XMLs_on_ScienceBase\/F7K35RQB_OffshoreAptos\/SeafloorCharacter_5m_OffshoreAptos_metadata.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "This part of DS 781 presents data for the seafloor-character map Offshore of Aptos, California. Seafloor-character data are provided as two separate grids depending on resolution of the mapping system and processing method. This metadata file refers to the data included in  \"SeafloorCharacter_5m_OffshoreAptos.zip,\" which is accessible from https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5066\/F7K35RQB. These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Johnson, S.Y., Dartnell, P., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D, Dieter, B.E., Golden, N.E., Hartwell, S.R., Ritchie, A.C., Kvitek, r.G., Maier, K.L., Endris, C.A., Davenport, C.W., Watt, J.T., Sliter, R.W., Finlayson, D.P., and Krigsman, L.M., (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2016, California State Waters Map Series\u2014Offshore of Aptos, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016\u20131025, 43 p., 10 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3133\/ofr20161025.  This raster-format seafloor character map shows three substrate classes Offshore of Aptos, California. The substrate classes mapped in this area have been further divided into the following California Marine Life Protection Act depth zones and slope classes: Depth Zone 3 (30 to 100 m), Depth Zone 4 (100 to 200 m), Depth Zone 5 (greater than 200 m), Slope Class 1 (0 degrees - 5 degrees), and Slope Class 2 (5 degrees - 30 degrees). Depth Zones 1-2 (intertidal to 30 m), and Slopes Classes 3-4 (greater than 30 degrees) are not present in the region covered by this dataset. The map is created using a supervised classification method described by Cochrane (2008).  References Cited: Cochrane, G.R., 2008, Video-supervised classification of sonar data for mapping seafloor habitat, in Reynolds, J.R., and Greene, H.G., eds., Marine habitat mapping technology for Alaska: Fairbanks, University of Alaska, Alaska Sea Grant College Program, p. 185-194, accessed April 5, 2011, at http:\/\/doc.nprb.org\/web\/research\/research%20pubs\/615_habitat_mapping_workshop\/Individual%20Chapters%20High-Res\/Ch13%20Cochrane.pdf.",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "Erdey, Mercedes D.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Cochrane, Guy R.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Golden, Nadine E.",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "80",
            "name": "bathymetry",
            "scope": "The elevation of the earth's surface beneath a body of water, especially the ocean, typically determined by measurements of depth from the water surface."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "319",
            "name": "ecosystems",
            "scope": "The interacting populations of plants, animals, and  microorganisms occupying a certain area, and their relationship to the environment."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "464",
            "name": "geology",
            "scope": "Study of the planet earth, its composition, structure, physical and chemical processes, and history since its origin."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2046",
            "name": "image mosaics",
            "scope": "Composite images formed by overlapping existing images, typically arranged to achieve greater spatial coverage."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "707",
            "name": "marine geophysics",
            "scope": "Branch of earth sciences concerned with the physical processes of the oceans and continental margins.  We include here studies of large bodies of brackish and fresh water, such as lakes and rivers."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2036",
            "name": "multibeam sonar",
            "scope": "Acoustic technique for determining depths or creating backscatter imagery in a wide swath of seafloor or lakebed centered below the instrument platform."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2053",
            "name": "sea-floor acoustic reflectivity",
            "scope": "Acoustic energy received by a sonar system, providing a measure of the roughness of the sea floor."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1025",
            "name": "sea-floor characteristics",
            "scope": "Geomorphic features and geographic, compositional, and textural variation in the materials composing the ocean floor. Includes both large-scale structures (such as seamounts and rises) and fine-scale variations in rocks and deposits on the sea floor."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2038",
            "name": "sidescan sonar",
            "scope": "Acoustic technique for creating oblique backscatter imagery of the seafloor or lakebed."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1083",
            "name": "sonar methods",
            "scope": "SOund Navigation And Ranging techniques to detect submerged objects and to determine depths to the bottom of a water body using reflections of sound waves."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "007",
            "name": "environment",
            "scope": "Environmental resources, protection and conservation, for example environmental pollution, waste storage and treatment, environmental impact assessment, monitoring environmental risk, nature reserves, landscape, water quality, air quality, environmental modeling"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "008",
            "name": "geoscientificInformation",
            "scope": "Information pertaining to earth sciences, for example geophysical features and processes, geology, minerals, sciences dealing with the composition, structure and origin of the earth's rocks, risks of earthquakes, volcanic activity, landslides, gravity information, soils, permafrost, hydrogeology, groundwater, erosion"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "010",
            "name": "imageryBaseMapsEarthCover",
            "scope": "Base maps, for example land\/earth cover, topographic maps, imagery, unclassified images, annotations, digital ortho imagery"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "014",
            "name": "oceans",
            "scope": "Features and characteristics of salt water bodies (excluding inland waters), for example tides, tidal waves, coastal information, reefs, maritime, outer continental shelf submerged lands, shoreline"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "3",
            "name": "Distributions",
            "scope": "Locations or patterns of a feature of interest across space and (or) time. These data can include point data, lines, polygons, and temporal data at any scale relevant to CMSP and can be produced by observation, interpolation, or modeling. Distributions can also include maps or statistics of climatology, the environmental values that are expected to be observed at the present time."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "23",
            "name": "Substrate",
            "scope": "Represents the character and composition of the surface and near surface of the sea floor in subtidal or intertidal areas, as defined in the Substrate Component of CMECS or in similar classification systems. Distributions are records of substrate characteristics based on visual or photographic inspection or on analysis of samples and cores, and they also include interpretive maps classifying areas on the basis of combinations of observations, hydrodynamic models, or geological models. Assessments include evaluations of present ecological or economic values of substrate distributions, drivers of substrate change, and functions of substrates. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future substrate distributions, values, or ecological impacts, including predicted substrate changes due to natural and human forces including erosion, accretion, sea-level change, extraction, trawling, or other factors; and they are the results of scenario-based models of substrate changes on ecological or economic values under different management strategies or other human alterations."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "738",
            "name": "marine geophysics",
            "scope": "used for geophysical and related studies of ocean basins and margins."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "173",
            "name": "seabed",
            "scope": "the floor of a sea or ocean."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "403",
            "name": "sidescan sonar",
            "scope": "acoustic technique for producing oblique imagery of the sea floor."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 62,
            "code": "GC-044",
            "name": "Continental\/Island Shelf",
            "scope": "Physiographic Setting: That part of the continental margin that is between the shoreline and the continental slope (or a depth or 200 meters when there is no noticeable continental slope); it is characterized by its very gentle slope of 0.1\u00b0. ..."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 62,
            "code": "AS-013",
            "name": "Marine Nearshore Subtidal",
            "scope": "Tidal Zone: The substrate is generally continuously submerged in this zone and includes those areas below MLLW."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 62,
            "code": "AS-016",
            "name": "Marine Offshore Subtidal",
            "scope": "Tidal Zone: The substrate is subtidal and continuously submerged in this zone and includes those areas below MLLW."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 62,
            "code": "SC-026",
            "name": "Rock Substrate",
            "scope": "Substrate Class: Igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary rock with particle sizes greater than or equal to 4.0 meters (4,096 millimeters) in any dimension that cover 50% or greater of the Geologic Substrate surface."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 62,
            "code": "GC-037",
            "name": "Transform Continental Margin",
            "scope": "Tectonic Setting: A feature defined by the transform fault that develops during continental rifting. ..."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 62,
            "code": "SC-029",
            "name": "Unconsolidated Mineral Substrate",
            "scope": "Substrate Class: Geologic Substrates with less than 50% cover of Rock Substrate. ..."
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [],
    "image": [
        {
            "name": "https:\/\/www.sciencebase.gov\/catalog\/file\/get\/5576269de4b032353caef2b1?f=__disk__f7%2F99%2Fda%2Ff799dad65dd563fb266af43221a3f8cbd8a7a2bb&allowOpen=true",
            "description": "Seafloor character types offshore of Aptos, 5m resolution."
        }
    ],
    "fan": [
        "S1009MB",
        "S709MB"
    ]
}