{
    "tag": 14790,
    "title": "MGL1109backsgeo.asc: Multibeam backscatter data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in the Gulf of Alaska in 2011 during cruise MGL1109, 100-meter gridded data in Esri gridascii format, geographic coordinate system",
    "pubdate": "20220825",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": "DOI: 10.5066\/F7HM56HK",
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/pcmsc\/DataReleases\/ScienceBase\/DR_F7HM56HK\/MGL1109backsgeo.asc.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "This raster dataset represents approximately 69,060 square kilometers of Simrad EM122 multibeam-backscatter data collected in the Gulf of Alaska during U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) cruise MGL1109 aboard the R\/V Marcus G. Langseth. The data have been reduced for position, elevation, orientation, water-column sound-speed, and refraction effects.",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "Barth, Ginger",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Baldwin, Wayne E.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Reece, Robert S.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Gulick, Sean S.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Danforth, William W.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Wong, Florence L.",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "474",
            "name": "geospatial datasets",
            "scope": "Collections of related digital information that are geographically referenced."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2046",
            "name": "image mosaics",
            "scope": "Composite images formed by overlapping existing images, typically arranged to achieve greater spatial coverage."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "707",
            "name": "marine geophysics",
            "scope": "Branch of earth sciences concerned with the physical processes of the oceans and continental margins.  We include here studies of large bodies of brackish and fresh water, such as lakes and rivers."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2036",
            "name": "multibeam sonar",
            "scope": "Acoustic technique for determining depths or creating backscatter imagery in a wide swath of seafloor or lakebed centered below the instrument platform."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2053",
            "name": "sea-floor acoustic reflectivity",
            "scope": "Acoustic energy received by a sonar system, providing a measure of the roughness of the sea floor."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1025",
            "name": "sea-floor characteristics",
            "scope": "Geomorphic features and geographic, compositional, and textural variation in the materials composing the ocean floor. Includes both large-scale structures (such as seamounts and rises) and fine-scale variations in rocks and deposits on the sea floor."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "007",
            "name": "environment",
            "scope": "Environmental resources, protection and conservation, for example environmental pollution, waste storage and treatment, environmental impact assessment, monitoring environmental risk, nature reserves, landscape, water quality, air quality, environmental modeling"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "008",
            "name": "geoscientificInformation",
            "scope": "Information pertaining to earth sciences, for example geophysical features and processes, geology, minerals, sciences dealing with the composition, structure and origin of the earth's rocks, risks of earthquakes, volcanic activity, landslides, gravity information, soils, permafrost, hydrogeology, groundwater, erosion"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "014",
            "name": "oceans",
            "scope": "Features and characteristics of salt water bodies (excluding inland waters), for example tides, tidal waves, coastal information, reefs, maritime, outer continental shelf submerged lands, shoreline"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "21",
            "name": "Physical Habitats and Geomorphology",
            "scope": "Includes measures of the geologic and structural characteristics of the coast or sea floor, such as the features defined in the Geoform Component of CMECS. Distributions are detailed topographic and bathymetric maps, geolocated photographs, or sea-floor descriptions; Distributions includes maps that interpret observations to categorize areas on the basis of geoform types such as those in CMECS. Assessment types include evaluations of ecological or human use value and can include models that project environmental or economic effects of erosion, climate change, dredging, and other stressors. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future distributions, values, or ecological impacts of physical habitats, including predicted changes due to natural and human forces; they are also from scenario-based models of resource losses, gains, or impacts on ecological or economic values under different management strategies (for example, mining, removal, relocation, or the building of structures)."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "23",
            "name": "Substrate",
            "scope": "Represents the character and composition of the surface and near surface of the sea floor in subtidal or intertidal areas, as defined in the Substrate Component of CMECS or in similar classification systems. Distributions are records of substrate characteristics based on visual or photographic inspection or on analysis of samples and cores, and they also include interpretive maps classifying areas on the basis of combinations of observations, hydrodynamic models, or geological models. Assessments include evaluations of present ecological or economic values of substrate distributions, drivers of substrate change, and functions of substrates. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future substrate distributions, values, or ecological impacts, including predicted substrate changes due to natural and human forces including erosion, accretion, sea-level change, extraction, trawling, or other factors; and they are the results of scenario-based models of substrate changes on ecological or economic values under different management strategies or other human alterations."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "123",
            "name": "continental shelf",
            "scope": "the gently sloping sea floor between the coast and the continental slope."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "738",
            "name": "marine geophysics",
            "scope": "used for geophysical and related studies of ocean basins and margins."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "402",
            "name": "multibeam echo sounder",
            "scope": "acoustic technique for determining sea-floor depths in a wide swath centered below the instrument platform."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "478",
            "name": "seismic methods",
            "scope": "the study of naturally occurring or artificially induced seismic waves, generally for one of two purposes: 1) understanding the nature and cause of seismic activity (e.g., earthquakes), or 2) understanding the properties of the earth materials through which the seismic waves have passed."
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [],
    "image": [
        {
            "name": "https:\/\/www.sciencebase.gov\/catalog\/file\/get\/560ef844e4b0ba4884c5ed1e?name=MGL1109backscat.jpg&allowOpen=true",
            "description": "MGL1109 acoustic backscatter, Gulf of Alaska"
        }
    ],
    "fan": [
        "2011-034-FA",
        "L0911GA"
    ]
}