{
    "tag": 20873,
    "title": "Oceanographic and Water-Quality Measurements-- Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge, Maryland, 2011 (CF) (ver. 1.1, September 2015)",
    "pubdate": "20260506",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": "DOI:10.5066\/P14HXWKQ",
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/whcmsc\/DRB_data_release\/DRB_P14HXWKQ\/BW2011_meta_CF.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "Suspended-sediment transport is a critical element governing the geomorphology of tidal marshes. Marshes rely both on organic material and inorganic sediment deposition to maintain their elevation relative to sea-level. In wetlands near the Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge, MD, portions of the salt marsh have been subsiding relative to sea level since the early 20th century. Other portions of the marsh have been successful at maintaining elevation. The USGS undertook measurements of suspended-sediment concentration in the tidal channels in order to understand the magnitude of suspended-sediment concentrations, the sediment-transport mechanisms, and relative differences between the two areas of the marsh. We deployed optical turbidity sensors and acoustic velocity meters at multiple sites over two periods in 2011. The time-series of oceanographic data collected during those field studies, including velocity, depth, turbidity, salinity, water temperature, and pH are presented here. For more information on the field operations associated with data collection: https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/fan_info.php?fan=2011-017-FA; https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/fan_info.php?fan=2011-029-FA; https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/fan_info.php?fan=2011-044-FA; https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/fan_info.php?fan=2011-050-FA.  The originally-processed, authoritative netCDF data files are provided in Equatorial Pacific Information Collection (EPIC) metadata convention, which has since been retired. A translated version is also available in the currently-used Climate and Forecast (CF) metadata convention. The primary difference between the two conventions is that EPIC has two time variables to represent Julian Day and milliseconds, while CF only has one time variable. Additionally, burst data and some waves files were not converted to CF due to the inability to handle 2D time with multidimensional variables. Therefore, the CF files may not represent all the data files released. Files may be downloaded or accessed using the Open-source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol (OPeNDAP) or via Thematic Realtime Environmental Distributed Data Services (THREDDS).",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "Ganju, Neil K.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Dickhudt, Patrick J.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Montgomery, Ellyn T.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Brennand, Patrick",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Derby, R. Kyle",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Brooks, T. Wallace",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Martini, Marinna A.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Borden, Jonathan S.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Baldwin, Sandra M.",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "707",
            "name": "marine geophysics",
            "scope": "Branch of earth sciences concerned with the physical processes of the oceans and continental margins.  We include here studies of large bodies of brackish and fresh water, such as lakes and rivers."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2078",
            "name": "navigational data",
            "scope": "Geospatial data indicating the locations of instruments, vessels, aircraft, or other vehicles used to collect scientific observations.  These data include horizontal coordinates in sequence, and may include time or vertical position."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "854",
            "name": "oxygen content (water)",
            "scope": "Measurement of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water, which is an important indicator of the condition of a water body."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1010",
            "name": "salinity",
            "scope": "Measure of the concentration of salts dissolved in a solution."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1377",
            "name": "turbidity",
            "scope": "Cloudiness in the water column, caused by the presence of suspended and dissolved matter such as clay, silt, organic matter, or plankton."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1312",
            "name": "water temperature",
            "scope": "The degrees of heat of water from a given source at a specific time."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "004",
            "name": "climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere",
            "scope": "Processes and phenomena of the atmosphere, for example cloud cover, weather, climate, atmospheric conditions, climate change, precipitation"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "008",
            "name": "geoscientificInformation",
            "scope": "Information pertaining to earth sciences, for example geophysical features and processes, geology, minerals, sciences dealing with the composition, structure and origin of the earth's rocks, risks of earthquakes, volcanic activity, landslides, gravity information, soils, permafrost, hydrogeology, groundwater, erosion"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "012",
            "name": "inlandWaters",
            "scope": "Inland water features, drainage systems and characteristics, for example rivers and glaciers, salt lakes, water utilization plans, dams, currents, floods and flood hazards, water quality, hydrographic charts, watersheds, wetlands, hydrography"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "014",
            "name": "oceans",
            "scope": "Features and characteristics of salt water bodies (excluding inland waters), for example tides, tidal waves, coastal information, reefs, maritime, outer continental shelf submerged lands, shoreline"
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 1,
            "code": "fLD10",
            "name": "North America",
            "scope": "continent",
            "pname": "Land"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 1,
            "code": "fUS",
            "name": "United States",
            "scope": "country",
            "pname": "North America"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 1,
            "code": "fUS24",
            "name": "Maryland",
            "scope": "state",
            "pname": "United States"
        }
    ],
    "image": [],
    "fan": []
}