{
    "tag": 17708,
    "title": "Collection, analysis, and age-dating of sediment cores from Herring River wetlands and other nearby wetlands in Wellfleet, Massachusetts, 2015\u201317",
    "pubdate": "20210630",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": "DOI: 10.5066\/P95RXPHB",
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/whcmsc\/SB_data_release\/DR_P95RXPHB\/HR_cores_meta.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "The Herring River estuary in Wellfleet, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, has been tidally restricted for more than a century by a dike constructed near the mouth of the river. Upstream from the dike, the tidal restriction has caused the conversion of salt marsh wetlands to various other ecosystems including impounded freshwater marshes, flooded shrub land, drained forested upland, and brackish wetlands dominated by Phragmites australis. This estuary is now managed by the National Park Service, which plans to replace the aging dike and restore tidal flow to the estuary. To assist National Park Service land managers with restoration planning, the U.S. Geological Survey collected fourteen sediment cores from different ecosystems within the tidally restricted Herring River estuary (four sites) and an estuary in Wellfleet Harbor near the Herring River dike (three sites) between 2015 and 2017. Collected cores were up to 70 cm in length with dry bulk density ranges from 0.03 to 2.39 grams per cubic centimeter and carbon content 0.23% to 46.25%. Land surface elevation was measured at each site (ranging from -0.149 meters to 1.494 meters relative to NAVD88) to determine the boundaries for each site within current tidal conditions. Gamma counting results for excess lead-210 were used to construct Constant Rate of Supply (CRS) age models to age-date individual depth intervals in the cores. Additionally, gamma counting results for other radionuclides, particularly cesium-137 gave further insight to evaluate how vertical accretion and carbon burial rates have changed during the past century. This dataset can help evaluate differences among the varied ecosystems and vegetation types to make predictions about potential changes as tidal restoration commences in the Herring River estuary.",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "O'Keefe Suttles, Jennifer A.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Eagle, Meagan J.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Mann, Adrian G.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Wang, Faming",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Tang, Jim",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Roberts, Daniel M.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Sanks, Kelly M.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Smith, Timothy P.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Kroeger, Kevin D.",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1420",
            "name": "carbon",
            "scope": "Nonmetal element with symbol C and atomic number 6 <http:\/\/periodic.lanl.gov\/6.shtml>"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "142",
            "name": "carbon isotope analysis",
            "scope": "Experimental determination of the proportion of a given stable carbon isotope (C12 or C13) in a sample."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1522",
            "name": "nitrogen",
            "scope": "Nonmetal element with symbol N and atomic number 7 <http:\/\/periodic.lanl.gov\/7.shtml>"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2062",
            "name": "piston coring",
            "scope": "Use of a piston mechanism and a weight with a triggering mechanism to drive a coring tube deep into underwater sediments for extraction and study."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "954",
            "name": "radiometric dating",
            "scope": "Methods for age determination of rocks and fossils by measuring the proportions of naturally occurring radioactive isotopes to their decay products."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1028",
            "name": "sea-level change",
            "scope": "Variation in the relative vertical position of land and ocean waters. Caused globally by changes in the distribution of ice masses and the shape of the oceans, and locally by the rate of uplift or subsidence of the land surface.  Includes both global (eustatic) and local (relative) sea-level variations."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1036",
            "name": "sedimentation",
            "scope": "Process of deposition of sediments (loose, uncemented pieces of rock, mineral fragments, or biological materials).  The sediments settle out of water or air into layers on a surface."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1078",
            "name": "soil chemistry",
            "scope": "Branch of chemistry concerned with the elements and compounds that make up soils. Includes chemical processes involving soils."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1326",
            "name": "wetland ecosystems",
            "scope": "Ecosystems whose soil is saturated for long periods seasonally or continuously, including marshes, swamps, and ephemeral ponds.  More detailed terms for wetlands can be selected from the FGDC Wetland Classification <http:\/\/fgdc.gov\/standards\/status\/sub3_4.html>."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "006",
            "name": "elevation",
            "scope": "Height above or below sea level, for example altitude, bathymetry, digital elevation models, slope, derived products, DEMs, TINs"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "007",
            "name": "environment",
            "scope": "Environmental resources, protection and conservation, for example environmental pollution, waste storage and treatment, environmental impact assessment, monitoring environmental risk, nature reserves, landscape, water quality, air quality, environmental modeling"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "008",
            "name": "geoscientificInformation",
            "scope": "Information pertaining to earth sciences, for example geophysical features and processes, geology, minerals, sciences dealing with the composition, structure and origin of the earth's rocks, risks of earthquakes, volcanic activity, landslides, gravity information, soils, permafrost, hydrogeology, groundwater, erosion"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "012",
            "name": "inlandWaters",
            "scope": "Inland water features, drainage systems and characteristics, for example rivers and glaciers, salt lakes, water utilization plans, dams, currents, floods and flood hazards, water quality, hydrographic charts, watersheds, wetlands, hydrography"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "013",
            "name": "location",
            "scope": "Positional information and services, for example addresses, geodetic networks, geodetic control points, postal zones and services, place names, geographic names"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "014",
            "name": "oceans",
            "scope": "Features and characteristics of salt water bodies (excluding inland waters), for example tides, tidal waves, coastal information, reefs, maritime, outer continental shelf submerged lands, shoreline"
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [],
    "image": [
        {
            "name": "https:\/\/www.sciencebase.gov\/catalog\/file\/get\/60bfb916d34e86b938916da1?name=HR_wetland_Phragmites.JPG",
            "description": "Browse graphic is a photograph of a Phragmites wetland in the Herring River estuary in Wellfleet, MA."
        }
    ],
    "fan": [
        "2015-042-FA",
        "2015-044-FA",
        "2015-063-FA",
        "2016-016-FA",
        "2016-036-FA",
        "2017-035-FA",
        "2018-054-FA"
    ]
}