{
    "tag": 12943,
    "title": "Laboratory Observations of Variable Size and Shape Particles-Artificial Sand and Oil Agglomerates: June 2017 Video Data",
    "pubdate": "20211029",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": null,
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/spcmsc\/2017-329-FA_video_metadata.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "Following marine oil spills, weathered oil can mix with sediment in the surf zone and settle to the seafloor to form mats up to hundreds of meters long. Wave action fragments these mats into 1- to 10-centimeter (cm) diameter sand and oil agglomerates (SOAs). SOAs can persist for years, becoming buried in or exhumed from the seafloor and\/or transported cross-shore and alongshore (Dalyander and others, 2015). These fragments are angular near the source mat and become increasingly rounded as they are transported. To quantify SOA motion, the USGS conducted experiments in November 2016 (field activity number (FAN) 2016-364-DD) and June 2017 (FAN 2017-329-FA) using various size, shape, and density artificial sand and oil agglomerates (aSOAs). Video and velocity data were collected under a range of hydrodynamic forcing in the Small-Oscillatory Flow Tunnel at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) located in Stennis, Mississippi. Between November 14 and 18, 2016, laboratory studies were conducted on spherical- and patty-shaped particles on a roughened flat-bed. Two types of particles were used, one consisting of paraffin wax and sand while the other was machine fabricated out of aluminum and coated in sand. Between June 5 and 8, 2017, laboratory studies were conducted on spherical, patty, ellipsoidal, and angular-ellipsoidal particles using paraffin wax and sand, aluminum, and three-dimensional (3D) printed plastic particles.",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "U.S. Geological Survey",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Nelson, Timothy R.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Dalyander, P. Soupy",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Frank, Donya P.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Penko, Allison M.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Braithwaite, Edward F. III",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Calantoni, Joseph",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "531",
            "name": "hazards",
            "scope": "Potential dangers from both natural processes (e.g., earthquakes, floods, and climate change) and human impacts on the environment."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "575",
            "name": "image collections",
            "scope": "Visible representations of objects or earth properties produced by cameras, spectral instruments, or as graphical representations of measurements."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1723",
            "name": "industrial pollution",
            "scope": "Introduction of harmful substances into the environment by manufacturing, power generation, mining, or material processing."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "2088",
            "name": "laboratory experiments",
            "scope": "Procedures carried out in a laboratory under controlled conditions to test specific scientific hypotheses."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "706",
            "name": "marine geology",
            "scope": "Branch of geology concerned with the composition, geologic history, and earth processes of the ocean floor and the continental margin."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "818",
            "name": "ocean sciences",
            "scope": "Sciences involved in the study of geological, biological, chemical, and physical characteristics and processes of the oceans."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1804",
            "name": "petroleum",
            "scope": "Naturally occurring hydrocarbons, typically fluid or gas, often of economic use.  Includes oil, natural gas, and asphaltic compounds found in tar sands and oil shales."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "889",
            "name": "photography",
            "scope": "Process of using digital or film cameras to collect images of objects."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1350",
            "name": "videos",
            "scope": "Animation or other motion pictures, including videotape and DVD products."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "006",
            "name": "elevation",
            "scope": "Height above or below sea level, for example altitude, bathymetry, digital elevation models, slope, derived products, DEMs, TINs"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "014",
            "name": "oceans",
            "scope": "Features and characteristics of salt water bodies (excluding inland waters), for example tides, tidal waves, coastal information, reefs, maritime, outer continental shelf submerged lands, shoreline"
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [],
    "image": [],
    "fan": []
}