{
    "tag": 15818,
    "title": "CMECS geoform, CMECS substrate, and surficial geology offshore of Point Buchon (ver. 1.1, January 2024)",
    "pubdate": "20240126",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": "DOI:10.5066\/P9KBGELE",
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/pcmsc\/DataReleases\/CMGDS_DR_tool\/DR_P9KBGELE\/CMECS_OffshorePointBuchon_metadata.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "This shapefile has substrate, geomorphic, and geologic attributed polygons in the Offshore of Point Buchon, California, map area, one of 83 map areas of the California State Waters Map Series, USGS Data Series 781 (Golden and Cochrane, 2019). The polygons are derived from multibeam echosounder (MBES) data and derivatives of that data using video-supervised and unsupervised classification. Attributes and attribute values are named following the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS; Federal Geographic Data Committee, 2012) to be useful for ecosystems management.",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "Cochrane, Guy R.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Cole, Aaron D.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Sherrier, Meghan",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1025",
            "name": "sea-floor characteristics",
            "scope": "Geomorphic features and geographic, compositional, and textural variation in the materials composing the ocean floor. Includes both large-scale structures (such as seamounts and rises) and fine-scale variations in rocks and deposits on the sea floor."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "007",
            "name": "environment",
            "scope": "Environmental resources, protection and conservation, for example environmental pollution, waste storage and treatment, environmental impact assessment, monitoring environmental risk, nature reserves, landscape, water quality, air quality, environmental modeling"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "008",
            "name": "geoscientificInformation",
            "scope": "Information pertaining to earth sciences, for example geophysical features and processes, geology, minerals, sciences dealing with the composition, structure and origin of the earth's rocks, risks of earthquakes, volcanic activity, landslides, gravity information, soils, permafrost, hydrogeology, groundwater, erosion"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "010",
            "name": "imageryBaseMapsEarthCover",
            "scope": "Base maps, for example land\/earth cover, topographic maps, imagery, unclassified images, annotations, digital ortho imagery"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "014",
            "name": "oceans",
            "scope": "Features and characteristics of salt water bodies (excluding inland waters), for example tides, tidal waves, coastal information, reefs, maritime, outer continental shelf submerged lands, shoreline"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "30",
            "name": "Biodiversity",
            "scope": "A measure of the variety of organisms within a level of biological organization at any scale in a defined place. Types of biodiversity include genetic diversity; species diversity; guild, feeding group, or functional group diversity; habitat or biotope diversity; and any other measure of biological variety at a location. Biodiversity can be evaluated at levels of biological organization including taxonomic groups (for example, fishes), communities (for example, megafauna), habitats (for example, soft substrate, coral reef), or ecological systems (for example, number of habitats or biotopes in a managed embayment) and at spatial scales ranging from submeter to global. Biodiversity is widely viewed as critical to ecological functions, services, and economic benefits; changes in biodiversity have been closely linked to changes in the ways ecosystems function. Biodiversity is usually considered as an inherent ecosystem service. For purposes of marine planning, biodiversity measures that can be compared across the planning area are most valuable in decision-making. Distributions include quantifications of numbers of species, genetic types, taxonomic groups (for example, fishes), communities, or habitats at a place; diversity indices that can include rarity or relative abundance of types; measurements of proxies (for example, habitat types with known high or low numbers of species); or models. Assessments can estimate, value, monetize, or model the ecological function or service values and impacts of various aspects of biodiversity; identify biodiversity hotspots; or evaluate the effects of pollution, development, climate change, or other stressors on biodiversity. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future distributions, values, or impacts to biodiversity, including future changes produced by natural and human processes. Predictive models can also evaluate the ecosystem effects and ecological function or service impacts of altered biodiversity; scenario-testing models can compare ecological function or service outcomes of different management actions that affect biodiversity."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "27",
            "name": "Habitat",
            "scope": "Habitat includes data that describe repeatable combinations of biota and associated chemical, physical, or geological features in a distinct place, which, as in the CMECS Biotic Component, generally are named for the dominant taxa living there. Habitat also includes biotopes in accordance with CMECS. Examples include seagrass beds, deep-water corals, benthos, nekton, plankton, mussel beds. Distributions for Habitat data subject types include records of biotic associations, habitats, or biotopes obtained through direct observation, imagery, collection, or other methods; Distributions also include biotope maps, predicted maps of present-day habitats (for example, the Northwest Atlantic Marine Ecoregional Assessment, Mapping European Seabed Habitats), and other compilations or interpretations from observed data. Assessments include ecological valuation indices, presence, quantity (hectares), or percentage of identified high-value habitats; other purpose-driven, regionally-specific indicators of ecological value; classifications of areas as critical habitat; ecological services models; evaluations of habitat condition; and place-based indices of susceptibility and vulnerability to disturbance. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future distributions, values, or impacts; anticipated changes produced by natural and human processes; future projections of cumulative impacts of single or multiple stressors; and scenario-testing habitat loss\/gain models and predictions of related ecological or economic effects under different management strategies."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "33",
            "name": "Invertebrates",
            "scope": "Invertebrate fauna, including primitive non-fishlike chordates and taxa regionally identified as shellfish."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "21",
            "name": "Physical Habitats and Geomorphology",
            "scope": "Includes measures of the geologic and structural characteristics of the coast or sea floor, such as the features defined in the Geoform Component of CMECS. Distributions are detailed topographic and bathymetric maps, geolocated photographs, or sea-floor descriptions; Distributions includes maps that interpret observations to categorize areas on the basis of geoform types such as those in CMECS. Assessment types include evaluations of ecological or human use value and can include models that project environmental or economic effects of erosion, climate change, dredging, and other stressors. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future distributions, values, or ecological impacts of physical habitats, including predicted changes due to natural and human forces; they are also from scenario-based models of resource losses, gains, or impacts on ecological or economic values under different management strategies (for example, mining, removal, relocation, or the building of structures)."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "400",
            "name": "field observation",
            "scope": "scientific investigation of physical or biological features and processes in a natural setting."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "173",
            "name": "seabed",
            "scope": "the floor of a sea or ocean."
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [],
    "image": [],
    "fan": [
        "C0212SC"
    ]
}