{
    "tag": 15445,
    "title": "Nearshore parametric wave setup hindcast data (1979-2019) for the North and South Carolina coasts",
    "pubdate": "20230128",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": "DOI:10.5066\/P9W91314",
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/pcmsc\/DataReleases\/CMGDS_DR_tool\/DR_P9W91314\/WaveSetup_ERA5_metadata.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "This dataset presents alongshore wave setup timeseries for the North and South Carolina coastlines. Wave setup was modelled using parameterization for open coast sandy beaches as presented in Stockdon and others (2006). The parameterization relates onshore wave setup to offshore wave conditions and beach characteristics. Wave conditions were extracted at approximately the 10 m depth contour and reverse shoaled to the deep-water condition. These data were then matched to cross-shore transects spaced at approximately 1 km along the coastline. Beach slope at these transects were extracted from lidar (Doran and others, 2017) and temporally averaged across all available datasets. This dataset is forced by waves taken directly from the ERA5 reanalysis, which incorporates observations and data assimilation (Hersbach and others, 2020). Therefore, data presented in this data release represent a best prediction of the observed historical wave setup along the study region. This dataset and the methodology used for its production is further detailed in Parker and others (2023). Modeled wave setup time series are presented for the hindcast period 1979 to 2019. Output includes 1-hour wave setup provided at approximately 1,600 alongshore transects at approximately 1-5 km resolution. Data are available as csv files for each transect location and are bundled by state.",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "Parker, Kai A.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Erikson, Li H.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Thomas, Jennifer A.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Nederhoff, Kees M.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Leijnse, Tim W. B.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Engelstad, Anita C.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Hardy, Matthew W.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Barnard, Patrick",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Befus, Kevin M.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Danielson, Jeffrey J.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Foxgrover, Amy C.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Hoover, Daniel J.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Massey, Chris",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "McCall, Robert T.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Nadal-Caraballo, Norberto C.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Ohenhen, Leonard O.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "O'Neill, Andrea C.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Shirzaei, Manoocher",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Su, Xin",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "van Ormondt, Maarten",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Vitousek, Sean F.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Vos, Kilian D.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Yawn, Madison C.",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "168",
            "name": "climate change",
            "scope": "Long-term alteration in the characteristic weather conditions of a region, such as changes in precipitation and temperature."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1799",
            "name": "coastal processes",
            "scope": "Processes unique to coastal areas including longshore transport, beach erosion, storm surge, shoreline change, delta formation, barrier island migration, beach stabilization by vegetation"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "291",
            "name": "earth sciences",
            "scope": "Broad term for all science related to the study of the earth."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "485",
            "name": "effects of climate change",
            "scope": "Characteristics and behaviors of organisms and earth systems that are modified as a result of changes in global, regional, or local climate."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "398",
            "name": "floods",
            "scope": "Relatively high water that overflows the natural or artificial banks of a stream or coastal area that submerges land not normally below water level."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "531",
            "name": "hazards",
            "scope": "Potential dangers from both natural processes (e.g., earthquakes, floods, and climate change) and human impacts on the environment."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "713",
            "name": "mathematical modeling",
            "scope": "Operational representation of a system in which the characteristics and behaviors of the component processes, phenomena, or objects, understood using mathematical relationships, are represented by numerical values (measured or hypothetical), so that calculations carried out using them return numerical estimates of system parameters that were not measured directly."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "822",
            "name": "ocean waves",
            "scope": "A periodic movement of seawater caused by wind, tide, and currents."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1102",
            "name": "storms",
            "scope": "Atmospheric disturbances with winds of unusual force or direction. Accompanied by rain, snow, hail, or sleet, and often by thunder and lightning."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "014",
            "name": "oceans",
            "scope": "Features and characteristics of salt water bodies (excluding inland waters), for example tides, tidal waves, coastal information, reefs, maritime, outer continental shelf submerged lands, shoreline"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "21",
            "name": "Physical Habitats and Geomorphology",
            "scope": "Includes measures of the geologic and structural characteristics of the coast or sea floor, such as the features defined in the Geoform Component of CMECS. Distributions are detailed topographic and bathymetric maps, geolocated photographs, or sea-floor descriptions; Distributions includes maps that interpret observations to categorize areas on the basis of geoform types such as those in CMECS. Assessment types include evaluations of ecological or human use value and can include models that project environmental or economic effects of erosion, climate change, dredging, and other stressors. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future distributions, values, or ecological impacts of physical habitats, including predicted changes due to natural and human forces; they are also from scenario-based models of resource losses, gains, or impacts on ecological or economic values under different management strategies (for example, mining, removal, relocation, or the building of structures)."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "5",
            "name": "Predictions",
            "scope": "Data expressing projections or models of future distributions, values, or impacts, including forecasts of anticipated changes brought about by natural and human processes, as well as scenario-testing models that compare outcomes of different management actions."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "343",
            "name": "floods",
            "scope": "the loss of life, property, or natural resources due to a body of water exceeding its \"usual\" bounds."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "527",
            "name": "numerical modeling",
            "scope": "modeling that uses numerical inputs for variables to simulate the behavior of a real-world system; use this term for finite element modeling and computer simulation."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "28",
            "name": "waves",
            "scope": "used for waves acting as agents of erosion and sediment transport in coastal and nearshore environments."
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [],
    "image": [],
    "fan": []
}