Classifications of underwater imagery of the substrate and coral reef habitat on the Kona coast of the Island of Hawaiʻi, from 2003, 2004, and 2022

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Joshua B. Logan
Originator: Meredith L. McPherson
Originator: Kristen A. Alkins
Originator: Gerald A. Hatcher
Originator: Ann E. Gibbs
Originator: Curt D. Storlazzi
Originator: Sarah Groff
Publication_Date: 20250924
Title:

Classifications of underwater imagery of the substrate and coral reef habitat on the Kona coast of the Island of Hawaiʻi, from 2003, 2004, and 2022

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P13ZPWNS

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:

Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13ZPWNS
Online_Linkage:

https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data-releases/datarelease/10.5066-P13ZPWNS/

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Underwater imagery and classifications of the substrate and coral reef habitat on the Kona coast of the Island of Hawaiʻi, from 2003, 2004, and 2022

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: JPG
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P13ZPWNS

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:

Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested Citation: Logan, J.B., McPherson, M.L., Alkins, K.A., Hatcher, G.A., Gibbs, A.E., Storlazzi, C.D., and Groff, S., 2025, Underwater imagery and classifications of the substrate and coral reef habitat on the Kona coast of the Island of Hawaiʻi, from 2003, 2004, and 2022: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P13ZPWNS.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13ZPWNS
Online_Linkage:

https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data-releases/datarelease/10.5066-P13ZPWNS/

Description:

Abstract:

This portion of the data release presents a comma-delimited text file with classifications of images of the seafloor off the Kona coast of the Island of Hawaiʻi. The images were collected by the United States Geological Survey in 2003, 2004, and 2022, during field activities A803HW, A204HW, A604HW, and 2022-615-FA, in cooperation with the National Park Service, primarily in the waters off Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site, and Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park. The images were classified for live coral cover and dominant type (four coral types, rubble, macroalgae, and two bottom substrate types) manually by a single specialist with a background in ecological studies. The resulting classifications were tabulated in a comma-delimited text file for further analysis.

Purpose:

The image classifications were used to evaluate the coral cover on the seafloor off of the National Parks on the Kona coast of the Island of Hawaiʻi. These data are intended for researchers, students, policy makers, and the general public.

Supplemental_Information:

Additional information about the field activities from which these data were derived is available online at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2022-615-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/services/activity.php?fan=A803HW https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/services/activity.php?fan=A204HW https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/services/activity.php?fan=A604HW Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Multiple_Dates/Times:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2003

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2004

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2022

Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.04800
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -155.82737
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.03964
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 19.40682

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:b8022077-8adc-458f-a3bf-df2e838ef68a

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning
Theme_Keyword: Substrate
Theme_Keyword: Habitat
Theme_Keyword: Physical Habitats and Geomorphology

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: image collections
Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics
Theme_Keyword: marine geology

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
Theme_Keyword: sediment
Theme_Keyword: photographic sampling

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
Theme_Keyword: CMHRP
Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: PCMSC

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: State of Hawaii
Place_Keyword: Hawaii County
Place_Keyword: Island of Hawaiʻi
Place_Keyword: Honokōhau Bay
Place_Keyword: Kawaihae Bay
Place_Keyword: Kawaihae Reef
Place_Keyword: Puʻukoholā
Place_Keyword: Hōnaunau Bay
Place_Keyword: Puʻuhonua Point

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park
Place_Keyword: Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site
Place_Keyword: Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park

Access_Constraints: No access constraints
Use_Constraints:

USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. This information is not intended for navigation purposes.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 11
Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Maxim Tkachenko
Originator: Mikhail Malyuk
Originator: Andrey Holmanyuk
Originator: Nikolai Liubimov
Publication_Date: 2020
Title: Label Studio version 1.4.0
Other_Citation_Details:

Tkachenko, M., Malyuk, M., Holmanyuk, A., and Liubimov, N., 2020, Label Studio: Data labeling software, available at: https://github.com/HumanSignal/label-studio.

Online_Linkage: https://github.com/HumanSignal/label-studio

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Attribute values contain geospatial coordinates, as well as image classification attributes assigned by a specialist with a background in ecological studies. No attribute accuracy tests were performed on the image classification attributes. The accuracy of the geospatial coordinates is discussed in the Positional Accuracy portion of this metadata.

Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.
Completeness_Report: 4,282 images were reviewed and classified.
Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

The horizontal positions for the images acquired during field activities A803HW, A204HW, and A604HW were measured using a boat-mounted autonomous single-frequency GPS receiver, with positions embedded into video format, and exported during still-frame export. These positions have an estimated horizontal accuracy of 5 meters. The horizontal positions for the images acquired during field activity 2022-615-FA were measured using a boat-mounted dual-frequency GPS receiver, with positions post-processed using a nearby base station. The precise times of each image acquisition were recorded in a text file, and GPS positions for each image were interpolated from the continuous GPS trajectory. These positions have an estimated horizontal accuracy of around 2.5 centimeters. All images were acquired either by towing a camera behind a boat, or by lowering a camera below a boat while drifting. The offset between the underwater camera and the position of the boat-mounted GPS unit is unknown and has not been accounted for in the GPS position of the images. Thus, the true accuracy of the horizontal positions is unknown.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vertical positions are not reported for this data product.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Underwater imagery of the substrate and coral reef habitat on the Kona coast of the Island of Hawaiʻi, from 2003, 2004, and 2022

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: JPEG
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13ZPWNS

Type_of_Source_Media: online database
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Multiple_Dates/Times:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2003

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2004

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2022

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: images
Source_Contribution:

Images used for classification, available from this same data release on the Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program’s (CMHRP) Imagery Data System (IDS)

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Images from field activities A803HW, A204HW, A604HW, and 2022-615-FA were manually classified by a specialist with a background in ecological studies. The open-source software, Label Studio version 1.4 (Tkachenko, et al., 2020 ), was used to enable efficient classification of the images using a custom, two-variable classification scheme for live coral cover and dominant bottom type (described in more detail below). The software provided the functionality to sequentially display each image to the specialist and allowed for the use of keyboard hot keys to rapidly assign classification labels to each image. At the end of each classification session, a tabulated comma-delimited text file was generated containing the image filenames, geographic coordinates, and classification labels. At the conclusion of the project all image classifications were combined into a single file for analysis.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: images
Process_Date: 2022
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Joshua Logan
Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Position: Physical Scientist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060
Country: US

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7519
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jlogan@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4,282

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.00001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.00001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: KonaHawaiiUnderwaterImageClassifications.csv
Entity_Type_Definition:

Table containing attribute information associated with the dataset

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Park
Attribute_Definition: National Park unit
Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: KAHO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: PUHE
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: PUHO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: SiteName
Attribute_Definition: name of site
Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: The alphanumeric site identifier from which the image was taken

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ImgName
Attribute_Definition: name of image
Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: A unique name for the image.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Lon
Attribute_Definition: Longitude
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -156.04800
Range_Domain_Maximum: -155.82737
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Lat
Attribute_Definition: Latitude
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 19.40682
Range_Domain_Maximum: 20.03964
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: PercentCover
Attribute_Definition: Percent live coral cover
Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 100
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DominantType
Attribute_Definition: Dominant bottom type
Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Macroalgae
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: macroalgae
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Montipora capitata
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Montipora capitata
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pocillopora meandrina
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pocillopora meandrina
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Rubble
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: rubble
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unknown
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: unknown
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Volcanic pavement
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Volcanic pavement
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sand
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: sand
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Porites lobata
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Porites lobata
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Porites compressa
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Porites compressa
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: SurveyType
Attribute_Definition: Survey type
Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: baseline
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

baseline survey from 2003 to 2004 time period (field activities A803HW, A204HW, and A604HW)

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: resurvey
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: resurvey from 2022 (field activities 2022-615-FA)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Notes
Attribute_Definition: additional notes by classification specialist
Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: narrative notes

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the csv file is a header line.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - CMGDS

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060
Country: United States

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Resource_Description:

Classifications of imagery of the seafloor off the Kona coast of Island of Hawaiʻi, HI, are in a comma-delimited text format.

Distribution_Liability:

Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: comma-delimited text
Format_Information_Content: The comma-delimited text file contains image classifications.
Transfer_Size: 0.39

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13ZPWNS

Access_Instructions:

Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name link and scrolling down to the Other Data section.

Fees: None.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20250924
Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/pcmsc/DataReleases/CMGDS_DR_tool/DR_P13ZPWNS/KonaHawaiiUnderwaterImageClassifications_metadata.html>