Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Mariana Benites Originator: Kira Mizell Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Mineralogy, rare earth elements, and strontium isotopic composition of phosphorites and phosphatized rocks from the Rio Grande Rise, south Atlantic Ocean Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI: 10.5066/P9CFVCWN Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CFVCWN Description: Abstract: Phosphorites and phosphatized rocks from the summit of the Rio Grande Rise (RGR) in the south Atlantic Ocean were collected via dredge during the oceanographic research cruise RGR1 to the western RGR. The location (latitude, longitude, depth), mineralogy, concentrations of phosphorus and rare earth elements, and 87Sr/86Sr ratios of phosphorites and phosphatized FeMn crusts, ironstones, and carbonates from 10 dredge sites are presented here. These data were used to determine the presence of carbonate fluorapatite in different rock types, the age of carbonate fluorapatite and the characteristics of the phosphatizing fluid. Purpose: These samples were collected to help determine the history of phosphatization of the summit of the Rio Grande Rise, as recorded by the carbonate fluorapatite in different rock types. Supplemental_Information: Samples analyzed for this data release were collected on a cruise funded by Funda‡?o de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de S?o Paulo (FAPESP) grant number 14/50820-7 for the project titled ?Marine ferromanganese deposits: a major resource of E-tech elements,? which is an international collaboration between Natural Environment Research Council (UK) and FAPESP (Brazil). The Rio Grande Rise is in international waters; therefore, no permission is required to distribute data for these samples. A data report about the cruise can be found at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00252. Additional information on the USGS field activity from which these data are derived can is available online at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-602-FA Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20180126 Ending_Date: 20210331 Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -39.3750000 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -29.1015625 North_Bounding_Coordinate: -29.4778612 South_Bounding_Coordinate: -34.4778612 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:f505c226-163c-423f-af48-37d8959183bc Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Nonliving Resources Theme_Keyword: Material Resources Theme_Keyword: Mineral Resources Theme_Keyword: Physical/Chemical Features Theme_Keyword: Assessments Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: dredge sampling Theme_Keyword: chemical analysis Theme_Keyword: mass spectroscopy Theme_Keyword: x-ray diffraction Theme_Keyword: isotopic analysis Theme_Keyword: geochemistry Theme_Keyword: metallic mineral resources Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: sediment geochemistry Theme_Keyword: mineral resources Theme_Keyword: chemical analysis Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: Global Ocean Mineral Resources Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: NGA GEOnet Names Server (GNS) Place_Keyword: Rio Grande Rise Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Sao Paulo as the originators of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Mac OSX 10.14.6, Microsoft Excel 16.47.1 for Mac Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Mariana Benites Originator: James R. Hein Originator: Kira Mizell Originator: Luigi Jovane Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Miocene phosphatization of rocks from the summit of Rio Grande Rise, southwest Atlantic Ocean Other_Citation_Details: Benites, M., Hein, J.R., Mizell, K., and Jovane, L., XXXX, Miocene phosphatization of rocks from the summit of Rio Grande Rise, southwest Atlantic Ocean: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, (in press). Online_Linkage: http://XXXXXX_not_available_yet Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: J. McArthur Originator: R.J. Howart Originator: G.A. Shields Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Strontium isotope stratigraphy Other_Citation_Details: McArthur, J., Howarth, R.J., and Shields, G.A., 2012, Strontium isotope stratigraphy, in Gradstein, F., Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M.D., and Ogg, G.M., eds., The Geologic Time Scale: Oxford, Elsevier, p 127?144). Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511536045.008 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: H.E. Cook Originator: P.D. Johnson Originator: J.C. Matti Originator: I. Zemmels Publication_Date: 1975 Title: Methods of sample preparation and x-ray diffraction data analysis, X-Ray Mineralogy Laboratory, Deep Sea Drilling Project, University of California, Riverside Other_Citation_Details: Cook, H.E., Johnson, P.D., Matti, J.C., Zemmels, I, 1975, Methods of sample preparation and x-ray diffraction data analysis, X-Ray Mineralogy Laboratory, Deep Sea Drilling Project, University of California, Riverside: Chapter IV, Deep Sea Drilling Project Initial Reports, v. 28, p. 999?1007. Online_Linkage: http://deepseadrilling.org/28/volume/dsdp28_appendixIV.pdf Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: J.R. Hein Originator: W.C. Schwab Originator: A.S. Davis Publication_Date: 1988 Title: Cobalt- and platinum-rich ferromanganese crusts and associated substrate rocks from the Marshall Islands Other_Citation_Details: Hein, J.R., Schwab, W.C., and Davis, A.S., 1988, Cobalt- and platinum-rich ferromanganese crusts and associated substrate rocks from the Marshall Islands: Marine Geology, v. 78, p. 255?283. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(88)90113-2 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: S. Silverman Originator: R. Fuyat Originator: J. Weiser Publication_Date: 1952 Title: Quantitative determination of calcite associated with carbonate-bearing apatites Other_Citation_Details: Silverman, S., Fuyat, R., and Weiser, J., 1952, Quantitative determination of calcite associated with carbonate-bearing apatites: American Mineralogist, v. 37, p. 211?222 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/ammin/article/37/3-4/211/539092/Quantitative-determination-of-calcite-associated Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: K.C. Ruttenberg Publication_Date: 1992 Title: Development of a sequential extraction method for different forms of phosphorus in marine sediments. Other_Citation_Details: Ruttenberg, K.C., 1992, Development of a sequential extraction method for different forms of phosphorus in marine sediments: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 37, p. 1460?1482. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1992.37.7.1460 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: All geochemistry and strontium age data were calibrated against certified reference materials. Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Many samples do not have chemistry data because it was done on representative samples only. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the dataset has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy was determined with the ships? GPS navigation, which is accurate to less than 5 m. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the dataset has not been conducted. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Marine Minerals Laboratory Publication_Date: 2018 Title: X-ray diffraction Mineralogy Online_Linkage: None Type_of_Source_Media: rock powders Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20180620 Source_Currentness_Reference: Date when lab analyses were completed Source_Citation_Abbreviation: XRD Source_Contribution: X-ray powder diffraction analysis to determine the mineralogy. Rock powder was wet mounted on zero-diffraction sample holders using alcohol and measured using a Cu-kà radiation source and graphite monochromator. Each sample was scanned from 4 degrees to 70 degrees 2-theta at 40 kilovolts and 45 milliamperes The diffractograms were interpreted using the Philips High Score Plus software and the International Centre for Diffraction Database. Semi-quantitative percentages of mineral phases were calculated based on the intensities of the peaks and weighting factors relative to quartz (Cook and others, 1975; Hein and others, 1988). Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: SGS Minerals Laboratory Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Geochemical Element Analysis Online_Linkage: https://www.sgs.ca/en/mining/analytical-services/geochemistry Type_of_Source_Media: rock powders Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20180901 Source_Currentness_Reference: Date when lab analyses were completed Source_Citation_Abbreviation: geochemistry Source_Contribution: Geochemical analysis to determine element concentrations. Phosphorus (P) was determined by X-Ray Fluorescence. Lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), yttrium (Y), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu) were all determined by performing lithium metaborate fusion of rock powders followed by inductively coupled mass spectrometry analysis. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: University of California at Santa Cruz V.M. Keck Isotope Laboratory Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Strontium Isotope Analysis Online_Linkage: https://eps.ucsc.edu/research/facilities/keck-lab-profile.html Type_of_Source_Media: rock powders Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20181001 Source_Currentness_Reference: Date when lab analyses were completed Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 87Sr86Sr Source_Contribution: Concentrated nitric acid digestion of samples at 90 degrees Celsius, column chemistry using Sr-SPEC resin, and analysis by a Isotopx Phoenix x62 Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometer (TIMS). Isotope values are presented as a ratio of 87Sr to 86Sr, and analytical precision is expressed by the standard error. Process_Step: Process_Description: Powder aliquots were drilled from the different rock samples using a diamond-coated drill bit and then ground using an agate mortar and pestle to approximately 75 micrometers. Process_Date: 20180601 Process_Step: Process_Description: Total rare earth elements plus yttrium (Total_REY) were calculated by summing the concentration of rare earth elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) plus Y in each sample. Percentage of the heavy rare earth elements was calculated by taking the sum of heavy rare earth elements (Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) and Y and dividing the sum by the total_REY value for each sample. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: geochemistry Process_Date: 20181101 Process_Step: Process_Description: A sequence of chemical leaches was applied to the powder aliquots to isolate the carbonate fluorapatite from the different rock types for chemical and Sr isotopic analyses using the procedure of Ruttenberg (1992). First, Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides were removed by leaching 3 g of powdered (<75 micrometers) samples in 1 L of a leaching solution of Na-citrate, Na-bicarbonate, and Na-dithionite (pH 8) for 24 hours. The solution was then filtered (2.7 micrometer paper filter), the residue washed in a 1 M MgCl2 solution (pH 8) and filtered again. For calcite removal, the residue from the previous step was stirred in a 0.5 M triammonium citrate solution (pH 8.1) for 10 hours, after the procedure of Silverman and others (1952). After calcite leaching, the solution was filtered (2.7 micrometer paper filter), and the residues were washed in Milli-Q water, centrifuged, and placed in a sonic bath (repeated five times). Finally, the organic matter was removed by stirring the residues with a 30 percent H2O2 solution. Ironstones and phosphorite samples were treated only for calcite and organic matter removal, and carbonate samples were treated only for the removal of organic matter. The removal of each phase was confirmed by XRD at the end of each step. Process_Date: 20180713 Process_Step: Process_Description: The age (Sr_age) of the carbonate fluorapatite (CFA) in select samples was determined by comparing the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the samples to the Cenozoic seawater curve of 87Sr/86Sr values compiled by McArthur and others (2012). Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 87Sr86Sr Process_Date: 20191110 Process_Step: Process_Description: Results from the lab analyses, the isotope age data, location data, and sample information were combined into a comma-delimited text values document (RGR1_P_mineral_chem_Sr_data.csv). Cells designated by -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: XRD Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: geochemistry Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 87Sr86Sr Process_Date: 20210501 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 54 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: RGR1_P_mineral_chem_Sr_data.csv Entity_Type_Definition: table containing results from analyses of phosphorites and phosphatized rocks at the latitude, longitude, and water depth of each sample location. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample_Dredge_ID Attribute_Definition: The sample and dredge ID for each sample Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The sample names include cruise ID (RGR1), the dredge number (D, denoting dredge, followed by a number), and a further underscored number to denote the sample number. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Layer_Interval Attribute_Definition: The depth interval, measured in millimeters from the top of the stratigraphic section, that encompasses each rock layer sample Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Layer intervals (starting with L) are listed as ranges of integer values that represent the depth in millimeters below the surface of the crust. Samples with ?CFA lens? listed for the layer interval represent results for a lens of phosphorite discretely contained in that layer interval. Samples with ?Substrate? listed represents the substrate rock of ferromanganese crusts. Samples with ?Bulk? represent whole-rock analysis. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Type Attribute_Definition: The rock type for each sample or sample layer Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Phosphatized Fe-Mn crust Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: the sample or subsample is a phosphatized ferromangense (Fe-Mn) crust Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Carbonate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: the sample or subsample is a carbonate Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Ironstone Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: the sample or subsample is an ironstone Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Phosphorite Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: the sample or subsample is a phosphorite Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Phosphorite lens Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: the sample or subsample is a phosphorite lens within ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crust layers Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude Attribute_Definition: Latitude at which sample was collected Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -31.1558 Range_Domain_Maximum: -30.6253 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude Attribute_Definition: Longitude at which sample was collected Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -36.2082 Range_Domain_Maximum: -34.8301 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Water_Depth Attribute_Definition: Water depth in meters at which the sample was collected Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 633.5 Range_Domain_Maximum: 825.5 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters (m) Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.5 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Major_minerals Attribute_Definition: Minerals that constitute more than 25% of the total mineralogy based on semi-quantitative estimation calculated using the intensities of the peaks and weighting factors relative to quartz (Cook and others, 1975; Hein and others, 1988). Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: List of minerals. None means that no minerals occurred within this percentage range. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Moderate_minerals Attribute_Definition: Minerals that constitute 5-25% of the total mineralogy based on semi-quantitative estimation calculated using the intensities of the peaks and weighting factors relative to quartz (Cook and others, 1975; Hein and others, 1988). Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: List of minerals. None means that no minerals occurred within this percentage range. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Minor_minerals Attribute_Definition: Minerals that constitute less than 5% of the total mineralogy based on semi-quantitative estimation calculated using the intensities of the peaks and weighting factors relative to quartz (Cook and others, 1975; Hein and others, 1988). Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: List of minerals. None means that no minerals occurred within this percentage range. Attribute: Attribute_Label: P Attribute_Definition: Phosphorus concentration in each sample Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.05 Range_Domain_Maximum: 13.7 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: weight percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: La Attribute_Definition: Lanthanum concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2.00 Range_Domain_Maximum: 167 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ce Attribute_Definition: Cerium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.68 Range_Domain_Maximum: 141 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Pr Attribute_Definition: Praseodymium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.49 Range_Domain_Maximum: 28.3 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Nd Attribute_Definition: Neodyium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.80 Range_Domain_Maximum: 126 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sm Attribute_Definition: Samarium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.40 Range_Domain_Maximum: 24.5 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Eu Attribute_Definition: Europium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.08 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5.52 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Gd Attribute_Definition: Gadolinium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.39 Range_Domain_Maximum: 28.6 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Tb Attribute_Definition: Terbium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.06 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.19 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Dy Attribute_Definition: Dysprosium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.40 Range_Domain_Maximum: 26.4 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Y Attribute_Definition: Yttrium content in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4.50 Range_Domain_Maximum: 295 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ho Attribute_Definition: Holmium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.08 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5.99 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Er Attribute_Definition: Erbium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.24 Range_Domain_Maximum: 18.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Tm Attribute_Definition: Thulium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.05 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.27 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Yb Attribute_Definition: Ytterbium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.20 Range_Domain_Maximum: 13.6 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lu Attribute_Definition: Lutetium concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.03 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.02 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Total_REY Attribute_Definition: Summation of the concentration of rare earth elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) plus Y in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 10.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 686 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: HREY Attribute_Definition: Percentage of the heavy rare earth elements calculated by taking the sum of heavy rare earth elements (Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) and Y and dividing by the total_REY for each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 53.7 Range_Domain_Maximum: 63.2 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: 87Sr86Sr Attribute_Definition: Isotopic ratio between 87Sr and 86Sr in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.708296 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.709115 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: ratio (no units) Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: StdErr Attribute_Definition: Percentage standard error of the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio for each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.000199 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.000857 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: 2StdErr Attribute_Definition: Two times the standard error of the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio for each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0000039 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0000171 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: 2SD Attribute_Definition: Two times the standard deviation for the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio for each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0000503 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0002168 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: ratio (no unit) Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sr_age Attribute_Definition: CFA and calcite ages based on comparison of 87Sr/86Sr values for each sample to the Cenozoic seawater curve of calibrated ages by McArthur and others (2012). Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.375 Range_Domain_Maximum: 22.250 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: million years Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.005 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Age_error Attribute_Definition: Age error for each sample. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in geochemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.050 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.675 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: million years Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.001 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the csv file is a header line. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Resource_Description: These data are available in .csv format contained in a single file. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: comma-delimited text Format_Version_Number: Microsoft Excel 16.16.17 for Mac Format_Information_Content: File contains table in .csv format File_Decompression_Technique: No compression applied Transfer_Size: 0.011 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CFVCWN Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name link which points to the landing page for the data release. Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: These data can be viewed with Microsoft Excel or any text reader. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210603 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998