Guy R. Cochrane
Andrew C. Ritchie
Timothy O. Hodson
Kristine J. Kull
Megan N. Dethier
20230315
Underwater video observations offshore of Tacoma, Washington
vector digital data
data release
DOI:10.5066/P9KA6GH2
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA
U.S. Geological Survey
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KA6GH2
Guy R. Cochrane
2023
Multibeam echo sounder, video observation, and derived benthic habitat data offshore of Tacoma, Washington
data release
DOI:10.5066/P9KA6GH2
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA
U.S. Geological Survey
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KA6GH2
This part of USGS Data Series 935 (Cochrane, 2014) presents observations from underwater video collected in the Offshore of Tacoma, Washington, map area, a part of the Southern Salish Sea Map Series. To validate the interpretations of sonar data in order to turn it into geologically and biologically useful information, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) towed a camera sled over specific locations throughout the Tacoma map area to collect video and photographic data that would “ground truth” the seafloor. The ground-truth survey conducted in the Tacoma map area occurred in 2009 and 2011 on the R/V Karluk (USGS field activity K109PS, and K0111PS) and on the Washington State Department of Fish and Game R/V Molluscan in 2011 and 2012 (USGS field activity M0111PS, M0112PS, and M0212PS). The camera sled was towed 1 to 2 m above the seafloor at speeds of between 1 and 2 nautical miles/hour. The surveys for this map area includes approximately 30 hours (47 trackline km) of video.
These data were used to ground truth a supervised classification of multibeam echosounder (MBES) data into Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standards (CMECS) polygons. This project was conducted to map surficial geology and benthic habitat These data are intended for fisheries managers, science researchers, students, policy makers, and the public. These data can be used in GIS and statistical analysis projects, or other software to spatially identify geomorphologic biota, surficial lithology, and biotopes in the study area.
Additional information about the USGS field activities from which some of these data were derived is available online at:
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=K109WO
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=K0111PS
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=M0111PS
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=M0112PS
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=M0212PS
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in Esri format, this metadata file may include some Esri-specific terminology.
20090507
20120810
ground condition
none planned
-122.77379
-122.395955
47.34923
47.110177
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:f55b843d-86a2-4101-96e2-f96144a0cce9
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)
Marine Habitat
ISO 19115 Topic Category
biota
geoscientificInformation
oceans
Data Categories for Marine Planning
Physical Habitats and Geomorphology
Substrate
USGS Thesaurus
sea-floor characteristics
ecosystems
Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
seabed
field observation
None
marine habitat
CMHRP
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
ecosystem
fisheries
U.S. Geological Survey
USGS
video sled observations
Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Tacoma
King County
Pierce County
Puget Sound
Salish Sea
Washington
None
USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
mailing and physical
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz
CA
95060
831-427-4747
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
VideoObservations_OffshoreTacoma.jpg
Shaded-relief map showing camera tracklines of underwater video collected in the Offshore of Tacoma map area
JPEG
ArcGIS 10.7.1, Windows 10.
Guy R. Cochrane
2014
Southern Salish Sea Habitat Map Series Data Catalog
database
Data Series
DS 935
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
Cochrane, G.R., compiler, 2014, Southern Salish Sea Habitat Map Series Data Catalog: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 935
https://doi.org/10.3133/ds935
Tara J. Anderson
2007
A rapid method to characterize seabed habitats and associated macro-organisms
Anderson, T.J., Cochrane, G.R., Roberts, D.A., Chezar, H., and Hatcher, G., 2007, A rapid method to characterize seabed habitats and associated macro-organisms, in Todd, B.J., and Greene, H.G., eds., Mapping the seafloor for habitat characterization: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 47, p. 71-79.
Position of the towed camera are based on shipboard GPS. No corrections for layback were made. Depth values are from the DEM published along with this dataset. The accuracy of substrate and biota observations can not be quantified.
No checks for consistency were performed on this data.
Observation are from one-minute intervals. Some gaps in observations are due to technical problems or sediment dispersion reducing the visibility.
Highly variable, on the order of 10 meters. Horizontal position given is ship position. Towed camera can be on the order of 10 meters distance from the ship during deployment.
VARS Annotation software, created by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute was used to play and annotate video footage that was captured either by ROV (aboard R/V Molluscan) or camera sled (aboard R/V Karluk). The software allowed a set of ‘organism buttons’ for recording observed biota to be custom built by Meghan Dethier, Kristine Kull, and Andrew Ritchie from the VARS software Knowledge Base lists. All video analysis was done by one observer (Kull) for consistency. Once each minute, the name (button) of identified organisms was clicked/annotated in VARS. Anytime between the start (m:00) and end (m:59) of a minute, the observer clicked a particular name button only once regardless of how many times that organism was observed during the minute. The observation file was converted from a comma-delimited file to a point shapefile.
2011
Edits were made to correct spelling in author name. No data were changed. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Users are advised to compare the metadata date of this file to any similar file to ensure they are using the most recent version. (scochran@usgs.gov)
20230516
point
Point
1876
NAD 1983 UTM Zone 10N
0.9996
-123.0
0.0
500000.0
0.0
coordinate pair
0.000000002220024164500956
0.000000002220024164500956
degrees
D North American 1983
GRS 1980
6378137.0
298.257222101
instantaneous sealevel
0.1
meters
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Tacoma map area substrate and biota shapefile
File of physical habitat and biota presence with x and y coordinates
Producer defined
FID
Internal feature number
ESRI
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated
Shape
feature type
ESRI
Point feature of physical habitat and biota presence with x, y and z coordinates
DATE
Month, day, year format
USGS
5/9/2009
8/10/2012
Days
1
UTC_TIME
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) also commonly referred to as Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) in HH:MM:SS format
USGS
00:00:23
23:58:57
seconds
1
LONGITUDE
geographic x coordinate in NAD 83 degrees
ESRI
-122.7746
-122.3933
Decimal degrees
0.0001
LATITUDE
geographic y coordinate in NAD 83 degrees
ESRI
47.1114
47.349
Decimal degrees
0.0001
MAJOR_GEO
Primary substrate constitutes greater than fifty percent of the seafloor during an observation. The values are based on the Wentworth scale except that granule and pebble sizes have been grouped together into a class called "gravel," and clay and silt sizes have been grouped together into a class called "mud"
USGS
b
boulder (409.6 cm to 25.5 cm)
USGS
c
cobble (25.5 cm to 6.5 cm)
USGS
g
gravel (6.5 cm to .2 cm)
USGS
m
mud (.00625 cm or smaller)
USGS
r
Exposed bedrock and megaclast (larger than 409.6 cm)
USGS
s
sand (.2 cm to .00625 cm)
USGS
MINOR_GEO
Secondary substrates constitute greater than twenty percent of the seafloor during an observation. The classes are based on the Wentworth scale except that granule and pebble sizes have been grouped together into a class called "gravel," and clay and silt sizes have been grouped together into a class called "mud"
USGS
b
boulder (409.6 cm to 25.5 cm)
USGS
c
cobble (25.5 cm to 6.5 cm)
USGS
g
gravel (6.5 cm to .2 cm)
USGS
m
mud (.00625 cm or smaller)
USGS
r
Exposed bedrock and megaclast (larger than 409.6 cm)
USGS
s
sand (.2 cm to .00625 cm)
USGS
SUBST_CLAS
CMECS substrate class.
CMECS
Rock
Exposed bedrock and megaclast (larger than 409.6 cm)
CMECS
Unconsolidated Mineral
Geologic substrates with less than 50% cover of Rock Substrate. This substrate class provides Folk (1954) terminology to describe any mix of loose mineral substrate occurring at any range of sizes from boulders to clay.
CMECS
SUBST_SBCL
CMECS substrate subclass
CMECS
Bedrock
Substrate with largely continuous formations of bedrock covering 50 percent or more of the geologic substrate surface
CMECS
Coarse
Substrate surface layer contains any amount of gravel (particles greater than or equal to 2 mm), from a single granule to 100 percent boulders
CMECS
Fine
Substrate surface layer contains no trace of gravel (particles greater than or equal to 2mm)
CMECS
Ascidiacea
Any species of tunicate
USGS
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Asteriidae
Mottled, rainbow, black sea stars
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Balanophyl
Cup corals
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Bivalvia
Any bivalve species not scallops, probably mostly mussels
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
bony_fish
Any fish of the superclass Osteichthyes that is not on the list of specific fishes used for this project.
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Brachiopod
Brachipoda
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Bryozoa
Any Bryozoan, epilithic or epiphytica
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Cancer
Any crabs in the Cancer genus
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Caridea
Any shrimp
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Cerianthid
Any burrowing anemone
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Chlorophyc
Any green algae
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Cottidae
Any sculpin
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
driftweed
Any unattached kelp or other algae
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
eggcase
Any egg case including gastropod, shark or ray
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
encrusting
Any encrusting invertebrate or corallines
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Fucus
Rockweed Fucus
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Gadiformes
Any cod or pollock species
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Gastropoda
Any gastropod other than nudibranchs
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Gobiidae
Fish from the Goby fish family
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Henricia
Blood star
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Hexagrammo
Greenling and lingcod
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Holothuroi
Any species of surface-dwelling cucumber other than Parastichopus
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Hydroida
Any species of hydroid
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Hydrolagus
Ratfish
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Laminarial
Any kelp species (attached)
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Majidae
Any spider crab (kelps and decorators)
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Mediaster
Red deep sea star
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Metridium
Metridium anemones
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Munida
Squat Lobster of the genus Munida
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Nudibranch
Any nudibranch
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Octopus
Any octopus
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Ophiodon
Fish from the genus Ophiodon
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Ophiurida
Any brittle star
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Paguroidea
Any hermit crabs
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Parasticho
Giant sea cucumber
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Pectinidae
Rock and swimming scallops
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Phaeophyco
Any brown algae
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
physical_o
Physical object (eg bottle or tire)
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Pisaster
Any Pisaster
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Pleuronect
Any flatfish
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Porifera
Any sponges
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Ptilosarcu
Orange sea pens
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Pycnopodia
Sunflower star
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Rajiformes
Skates and rays
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Rhodophyco
Any red algae
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Rossia
Genus of Cephalopod
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Sebastes
Any rockfish
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Solaster
Any sunstar
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Squalomorp
Dogfish
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Stichaeida
Any prickleback, warbonnet
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Strongyloc
Red sea urchin
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Subsellifl
Any sea whip
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
tubeworm
Colonial and solitary tube worms
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Zoarcidae
Any eelpout
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
Zostera_ma
Eelgrass
M.N. Dethier
0
Denote absence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
1
Denote presence of the species or feature
M.N. Dethier
CRUISE_ID
Video cruise ID
USGS
K109WO
USGS field activity on the R/V Karluk in 2009
USGS
K111PS
USGS field activity on the R/V Karluk in 2011
USGS
M111PS
USGS field activity on the R/V Molluscan in 2011
USGS
M112PS
USGS field activity on the R/V Molluscan in 2012
USGS
M212PS
USGS field activity on the R/V Molluscan in 2012
USGS
DEPTH_M
Water depth in meters
NOAA
-174.9
-1.8
Decimal meters below NAVD88 sea level
0.1
U.S. Geological Survey - CMGDS
mailing and physical
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz
CA
95060
831-427-4747
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
These data are available in shapefile format (VideoObservations_OffshoreTacoma.shp and associated files) contained in a single zip file (VideoObservations_OffshoreTacoma.zip).
Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
shapefile
ArcGIS 10.8.1
Esri polygon shapefile
Zip file contains the point shapefile and a symbology layer file (.lyr)
No compression applied
124
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KA6GH2
https://doi.org/10.3133/ds935
The data can be downloaded by going to the first Network_Resource_Name link, then scrolling down to the Ground Truthing Data section. The second link points to a landing page for the entire Salish Sea Map Series Data Catalog.
None.
These data can be viewed with GIS software.
20230516
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
mailing and physical
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz
CA
95060
831-427-4747
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998