Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: SeanPaul M. La Selle Originator: Alan R. Nelson Originator: Robert C. Witter Originator: Guy Gelfenbaum Originator: Jason S. Padgett Originator: Bruce E. Jaffe Publication_Date: 20240417 Title: Hydrodynamic and sediment transport tsunami models at the Salmon River estuary, Oregon Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: text Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9M86S7D Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9M86S7D Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: SeanPaul M. La Selle Originator: Alan R. Nelson Originator: Robert C. Witter Originator: Jason S. Padgett Originator: Bruce E. Jaffe Originator: Guy Gelfenbaum Publication_Date: 2024 Title: Tsunami deposit data and sediment transport models from the Salmon River estuary, central Oregon Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9M86S7D Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested Citation: La Selle, S.M., Nelson, A.R., Witter, R.C., Padgett, J.S., Jaffe, B.E., Gelfenbaum, G., 2024, Tsunami deposit data and sediment transport models from the Salmon River, central Oregon coast: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9M86S7D. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9M86S7D Description: Abstract: This portion of the USGS data release describes the Delft3D-FLOW model application for propagating simulated tsunamis from 15 hypothetical earthquake sources of the Cascadia Subduction Zone through a series of nested grids to modeling tsunami sediment transport in the Salmon River estuary, OR. Input files necessary to run the Delft3D-FLOW model are provided. The model application was constructed using Delft3D-FLOW. Zip files containing model setup data are provided for each of the nested hydrodynamic grids at 1650 m, 400 m, and 50 m horizontal resolution. The fully three-dimensional sediment transport model at about 10 m resolution contains boundary condition files from the nested hydrodynamic grids for each of the earthquake scenarios, as well as bathymetry files reflecting different amounts of coseismic subsidence associated with the earthquake scenarios and adjusted to either Mean Low Water (MLW) hindcast for the 1700 CE earthquake or Mean Higher High Water (MHHW). Each zip file contains an example model run for the DOGAMI L3 earthquake source on each respective grid. These examples can be used as templates to run the other earthquake scenarios that are provided. Purpose: Numerical models of tsunami propagation from simulated Cascadia subduction zone earthquake rupture models were used to derive boundary conditions for a coupled hydrodynamic and sediment transport model of the Salmon River estuary, Oregon. Modeled tsunami erosion and deposition at the Salmon River estuary can be compared to the observed distribution of sandy tsunami deposits from the circa 1700 CE tsunami to test earthquake source models. Supplemental_Information: Additional information about the field activities from which these data were derived is available online at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-643-FA https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-625-FA Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20170717 Ending_Date: 20231215 Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -126.59421 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.32407 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.95693 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.49609 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:050db933-7791-48dc-b61a-877a06fee676 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry and Elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: sediment transport Theme_Keyword: mathematical simulation Theme_Keyword: earthquakes Theme_Keyword: hazards Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: modeling Theme_Keyword: hydrodynamics Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: Delft3D Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Salmon River Place_Keyword: Lincoln County Place_Keyword: State of Oregon Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-474 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: salmonriver_delft3d_grids_preview.png Browse_Graphic_File_Description: a)Delft3D-FLOW hydrodynamic nested grids, with an example of deformation from a hypothetical Cascadia megathrust earthquake scenario. b) The 10 m sediment transport grid Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 10 running Delft3D-FLOW Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: SeanPaul M. La Selle Originator: Alan R. Nelson Originator: Robert C. Witter Originator: Guy Gelfenbaum Originator: Jason S. Padgett Originator: Bruce E. Jaffe Publication_Date: 2024 Title: Testing megathrust rupture models using tsunami deposits Publication_Information: Publication_Place: American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, USA Publisher: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface Other_Citation_Details: La Selle, S.M., Nelson, A.R., Witter, R.C., Gelfenbaum, G., Padgett, J.S., and Jaffe, B.E., 2024, Testing megathrust rupture models using tsunami deposits: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JF007444. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JF007444 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Amante, C. Originator: Eakins, B.W. Publication_Date: 2009 Title: ETOPO1 1 Arc-Minute Global Relief Model: Procedures, Data Sources, and Analysis. Publication_Information: Publication_Place: National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA Publisher: NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS NGDC-24 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.7289/V5C8276M Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Bricker, J. Originator: Gibson, S. Originator: Takagi, H. Originator: Imamura, F. Publication_Date: 2015 Title: On the need for larger Manning’s roughness coefficients in depth-integrated tsunami inundation models. Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Elsevier, North Andover, MA, USA Publisher: Coastal Engineering Journal, v. 57, i. 02 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1142/S0578563415500059 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Carignan, K.S. Originator: Taylor, L.A. Originator: Eakins, B.W. Originator: Warnken, R.R. Originator: Lim, E. Originator: Grothe, P.R. Publication_Date: 2009 Title: Digital Elevation Model of Central Oregon Coast: Procedures, Data Sources, and Analysis. Publication_Information: Publication_Place: National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA Publisher: NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS NGDC-25 Online_Linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/geoportal/rest/metadata/item/gov.noaa.ngdc.mgg.dem:320/html Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Deltares Publication_Date: 2023 Title: Delft3D-FLOW User Manual (version 4.05) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Delft, Netherlands Publisher: Deltares Online_Linkage: https://content.oss.deltares.nl/delft3d4/Delft3D-FLOW_User_Manual.pdf Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Gao, Dawei Originator: Wang, Kelin Originator: Insua, Tania L. Originator: Sypus, Matthew Originator: Riedel, Michael Originator: Sun, Tianhaozhe Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Defining megathrust tsunami source scenarios for northernmost Cascadia Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Springer Nature, Berlin, Germany Publisher: Natural Hazards, v. 94, p. 445-469 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3397-6 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Mofjeld, H. Originator: Foreman, M. Originator: Ruffman, A. Publication_Date: 1997 Title: West Coast tides during Cascadia subduction zone tsunamis Publication_Information: Publication_Place: American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, USA Publisher: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 24, i. 17, p. 2215-2218 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1029/97GL02060 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: van Rijn, L.C. Publication_Date: 2007 Title: Unified view of sediment transport by currents and waves. ii: Suspended transport Publication_Information: Publication_Place: National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA Publisher: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 133, i. 6, p. 668-689 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:6(649) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Witter, Robert C. Originator: Zhang, Yinglong J. Originator: Wang, Kelin Originator: Priest, George R. Originator: Goldfinger, Chris Originator: Stimely, Laura Originator: English, John T. Originator: Ferro, Paul A. Publication_Date: 2013 Title: Simulated tsunami inundation for a range of Cascadia megathrust earthquake scenarios at Bandon, Oregon, USA Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, USA Publisher: Geosphere, v. 9, i. 6, p. 1783-1803 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00899.1 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has either not been conducted or is not applicable. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has either not been conducted or is not applicable. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Delft3D-FLOW hydrodynamic model nested grids and bathymetry were constructed to propagate simulated tsunamis from the region offshore the Oregon coast to the Salmon River estuary. Four grids in total at 1650 m, 400 m, 50 m, and ~10 m grid-cell resolution, respectively, were created. Bathymetric data from two NOAA NCEI products (Amante and Eakins, 2009; Carignan and others , 2009) were converted from spherical to cartesian coordinates (WGS 84/UTM Zone 10 N [EPSG:32610]) and interpolated onto the grids using the grid-cell averaging function in Delft3D-QUICKIN software. Process_Date: 20180105 Process_Step: Process_Description: Static sea surface deformation predicted by the earthquake source models from Witter and others (2013) and Gao and others (2018) were interpolated onto each nested grid using the grid-cell averaging function in the Delft3D-QUICKIN software and used as initial water level conditions in each Delft3D-FLOW model. The boundary condition on the outermost, 1650 m resolution grid is a uniform Riemann-boundary that is weakly reflective to absorb outgoing waves. Boundary conditions along the edges of the 400 m, 50 m, and ~10 m grids were derived from the hydrodynamic results observed in each respective outer nested grid. These hydrodynamic observations were prescribed as Riemann-boundary conditions at six second intervals and generated usingDelft3D nesting functions. The “flood” advection scheme was turned on for all model runs. Process_Date: 20180111 Process_Step: Process_Description: A variable resolution, three-dimensional final nested grid at the Salmon River estuary was used to simulate potential sediment transport resulting from tsunami propagation. Grid cell size is, on average, 10 m, with m and n dimensions ranging from 3 meters to 61 meters. Vertical stratification is represented by 10 vertical “sigma” layers, with increasing resolution towards the bed. Bathymetry and topography in Delft3D depth files were adjusted to account for the coastal subsidence predicted by each earthquake source at the Salmon River. A table relating subsidence to each of the earthquake sources can be found in La Selle and others (2024) or the supplemental file in this section of the data release. For each earthquake source scenario, depth files were also adjusted to represent tsunami arrival at MHHW (2.54 m above NAVD88 at the South Beach, OR tide gauge) or the hindcast low tide at 21:00 Pacific Time on January 26th, 1700 CE, 0.53 m above NAVD88 (Mofjeld and others, 1997). Depth file names reflect the tidal adjustment (either “1700tide” or “MHHW”) and the subsidence adjustment in meters. Time zero in the model runs represents the time of earthquake rupture. We use an arbitrary date and time in DELFT3D-FLOW as time zero (2000-01-01 00:00:00). The 1650 m, 400 m, and 50 m grids are run with a timestep of 0.01 minutes (0.6 seconds), for 180 minutes. The 10 m sediment transport grid was run with a timestep of 0.005 minutes (0.3 seconds), for 60 minutes. The sediment transport models were run for 60 minutes because deposit thicknesses did not change appreciably within the estuary after 60 minutes (La Selle and others, 2024). Process_Date: 20180111 Process_Step: Process_Description: Maps of erodible sand sources and variable surface roughness in the detailed models were generated by classifying 1-m resolution ortho images of the Salmon River estuary taken in July, 2014 by the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). Imagery was auto-classified into water, unvegetated sand, marsh vegetation, and forest using the Spatial Analyst Image Classification tool in ArcGIS desktop 10.6. Roughness values were based on suggestions from Bricker and others (2015). The beach, river channels, and offshore areas were assigned a Manning's n roughness coefficient of 0.025 and an erodible bed thickness of 10 m. Vegetated areas of dunes were assigned a Manning's n coefficient of 0.030 and an erodible bed thickness of 10 m. The marsh surface and forest was assigned 0.040 and the bed was modeled as an unerodible surface. The van Rijn (2007) formulations were selected to represent suspended and bedload transport in Delft3D-FLOW. Process_Date: 20180111 Process_Step: Process_Description: Files need to run Delft3D-FLOW models were compiled into compressed archives for distribution. Process_Date: 20231215 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Horizontal coordinates are in the UTM Zone 10 N coordinate system for Delft3D-FLOW model grid files (.grd). The model depth (.dep) files use different vertical datums. The outer nested grids (1650, 400, and 50 meters)are relative to Mean Sea Level (MSL). The 10 m grid is adjusted to MHHW (2.54 m above NAVD88) or the hindcast tide for 21:00 local time 26th January, 1700 CE (0.53 m above NAVD88). The depth files are also adjusted to the predicted coseismic subsidence at the Salmon River estuary from each of the earthquake sources, as indicated by the depth file names. Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 750 Column_Count: 270 Vertical_Count: 10 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 10 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 78 Ordinate_Resolution: 38 Planar_Distance_Units: Meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_North_American_1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Compressed .zip archives contain files of various types and formats Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - Coastal and Marine Geoscience Datasystem Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Model input files compatible with windows executable of Delft3D-FLOW 4.04.01 (flow version 6.03.00.62434) (Deltares, 2023) are provided in the zip archives “salmonriver_delft3d_1650m.zip”, “salmonriver_delft3d_400m.zip”, “salmonriver_delft3d_50m.zip”, and “salmonriver_delft3d_10m.zip”. Model files for each nested grid are provided with a subfolder containing intial water level (.ini) files representing each earthquake source. For each grid, an example model run representing the "L3" earthquake source is provided in a subfolder. Files for the sediment transport model in the "salmonriver_delft3d_10m.zip" file contains two subfolders. The file directory, “bct_files”, contains boundary conditions files for each earthquake source. The file directory, “dep_files”, contains depth files adjusted to both the hindcast low tide and MHHW as well as the predicted subsidence for all the simulated earthquake sources. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: various Format_Version_Number: Delft3D-FLOW 4.04.01 Format_Information_Content: zipped file folders containing model input files for Delft-3D FLOW 4.04.01 File_Decompression_Technique: zip Transfer_Size: 21332.1 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9M86S7D Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet by using the Network_Resource_Name link and scrolling to the Simulation Data section. Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20240417 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998