Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Gibbs, Ann E. Originator: Ohman, Karin A. Originator: Coppersmith, Ryan Originator: Richmond, Bruce M. Publication_Date: 20240911 Title: Midshore baseline for the exposed central Beaufort Sea coast of Alaska (Hulahula River to the Colville River) generated to calculate shoreline change rates Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data (polyline) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: 10.5066/F72Z13N1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F72Z13N1 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/663a51ded34e77890839b048 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Gibbs, Ann E. Originator: Ohman, Karin A. Originator: Coppersmith, Ryan Originator: Richmond, Bruce M. Publication_Date: 2017 Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change: A GIS compilation of Updated Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for the North Coast of Alaska, U.S. Canadian Border to Icy Cape (ver. 2.0, September 2024) Edition: 2.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: 10.5066/F72Z13N1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested Citation: Gibbs, A.E., Ohman, K.A., Coppersmith, R., and Richmond, B.M., 2017, National Assessment of Shoreline Change: A GIS compilation of updated vector shorelines and associated shoreline change data for the north coast of Alaska, U.S. Canadian border to Icy Cape (ver. 2.0, September 2024): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F72Z13N1. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F72Z13N1 Description: Abstract: This dataset includes a reference baseline used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to calculate rate-of-change statistics for the exposed, open-ocean coast of Alaska between the Hulahula River and the Colville River for the time period 1947 to 2017. This baseline layer serves as the starting point for all transects cast by the DSAS application and can be used to establish measurement points used to calculate shoreline-change rates. Purpose: The Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska is an area of strategic economic importance to the United States, is home to remote Native American communities, and encompasses unique habitats of global significance. Coastal erosion is a persistent process along most open-ocean shores of the United States and affects both developed and natural coastlines. Along the Arctic coast of Alaska, coastal erosion is widespread and threatens communities, defense and energy-related infrastructure, and coastal habitat. As the coast changes, there are a wide range of ways that change can affect coastal communities, habitats, and the physical characteristics of the coast-including beach erosion, shoreline retreat, land loss, and damage to infrastructure. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is responsible for conducting research on coastal change hazards, understanding the processes that cause coastal change, and developing models to forecast future change. To understand and adapt to shoreline change, accurate information regarding the past and present configurations of the shoreline is essential and a comprehensive, nationally consistent analysis of shoreline movement is needed. To meet this national need, the USGS is conducting an analysis of historical shoreline changes along open-ocean coasts of the United States and parts of the Great Lakes. In Alaska, coastlines sheltered from open-ocean wave conditions by barrier islands are also included in the analysis because of their importance to defense and energy-related infrastructure and to understand the similarities, differences, and linkages in coastal behavior and physical processes acting on exposed and sheltered permafrost coastlines. This dataset is one in a series of regionally focused reports on historical shoreline change. As more data are gathered, periodic updates are made, which provide information that can be used in multidisciplinary assessments of global change impacts. Supplemental_Information: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the dataset in nonproprietary form, as well as in Esri format, this metadata file may include some Esri-specific terminology. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2024 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -150.230323 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -144.164282 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.571564 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 69.958682 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Distributions Theme_Keyword: Physical/Chemical Features Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: shoreline accretion Theme_Keyword: shoreline erosion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: Shoreline Theme_Keyword: Shoreline Change Theme_Keyword: Digital Shoreline Analysis System Theme_Keyword: DSAS Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:663a51ded34e77890839b048 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: State of Alaska Place_Keyword: North Slope Place_Keyword: Beaufort Sea Place_Keyword: Staines River Place_Keyword: Sagavanirktok River Place_Keyword: Colville River Place_Keyword: Kuparuk River Place_Keyword: Harrison Bay Place_Keyword: Prudhoe Bay Place_Keyword: Canning River Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: Arctic Place_Keyword: ANWR Access_Constraints: No access constraints Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey Native_Data_Set_Environment: Generated as a feature class contained in a Personal Geodatabase by DSAS in ArcGIS. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Gibbs, A.E. Originator: Richmond B.M. Publication_Date: 2017 Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Summary Statistics for Updated Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for the North Coast of Alaska, U.S.--Canadian Border to Icy Cape Other_Citation_Details: Gibbs, A.E., and Richmond, B.M., 2017, National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Summary Statistics for Updated Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for the North Coast of Alaska, U.S.--Canadian Border to Icy Cape: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017�1107, 21 p. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171107 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Bruce M. Richmond Publication_Date: 2015 Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change--Historical Shoreline Change along the North Coast of Alaska, U.S.--Canadian Border to Icy Cape Other_Citation_Details: Gibbs, A.E., and Richmond, B.M., 2015, National assessment of shoreline change�Historical shoreline change along the north coast of Alaska, U.S.�Canadian border to Icy Cape: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015�1048, 96 p. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151048 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss Originator: Rachel E. Henderson Originator: Meredith G. Kratzmann Originator: Amy S. Farris Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Digital Shoreline Analysis System (version 5.1) User Guide Other_Citation_Details: Himmelstoss, E.A., Henderson, R.E., Kratzmann, M.G., and Farris, A.S., 2021, Digital Shoreline Analysis System (version 5.1) User Guide: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021-1091. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211091 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20211091 Online_Linkage: https://www.usgs.gov/centers/whcmsc/science/digital-shoreline-analysis-system-dsas Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss Originator: Amy S. Farris Originator: Rachel E. Henderson Originator: Meredith G. Kratzmann Originator: Ayhan Ergul Originator: Ouya Zhang Originator: Jessica L. Zichichi Originator: E. Robert Thieler Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Digital Shoreline Analysis System (version 5.1): U.S. Geological Survey Software Other_Citation_Details: Current software at time of use was 5.1. The second link directs to the DSAS project page. Online_Linkage: https://code.usgs.gov/cch/dsas/-/tree/v5.1?ref_type=tags Online_Linkage: https://www.usgs.gov/centers/whcmsc/science/digital-shoreline-analysis-system-dsas Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The attribute in this layer is based on the requirements for use within the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software (Himmelstoss and others, 2018). The data have been quality checked. Logical_Consistency_Report: All polylines have a unique identification attribute (ID). This field is used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to designate the alongshore order of baselines if there are more than one. Adjacent baseline segments do not overlap and are not necessarily continuous. Completeness_Report: This baseline file is complete and contains all baseline segments used to cast transects where shoreline data are present to calculate a rate of change. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The baseline serves as a reference point for transects cast by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software. It does not correspond to any real-world feature. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The baseline serves as a reference point for transects cast by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software. It does not correspond to any real-world feature. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Baselines were constructed midshore from the time series of shoreline positions using standard editing tools in Esri ArcMap v. 10.8.1. The baselines were positioned to conform to changes in the orientation of the historical shorelines also presented in this data release. This was done so that transects, which are generated by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System v. 5.1 from the baseline, would intersect perpendicular to the general trend of the shorelines. Process_Date: 2024 Process_Step: Process_Description: The baseline feature class was exported from a personal geodatabase to a shapefile in ArcMap v10.8.1 by performing a right-mouse click on the data layer > export > to shapefile (single). Process_Date: 2024 Process_Step: Process_Description: The data were projected in Esri's ArcToolbox v. 10.8.1 > Data Management Tools > Projections and Transformations > Feature > Project. Parameters: input projection = (NAD_1983_2011_Alaska_Albers); output projection = geographic coordinates (WGS84); transformation = WGS_1984_(ITRF08)_To_NAD_1983. The final shoreline dataset was coded with attribute fields Date_, Year_, Uncy, Default_D, DSAS_Include, Source, Source_a, and Shape_Leng. Process_Date: 2024 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 22 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition: Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Index number unique to each record in the attribute table. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the feature. Attribute: Attribute_Label: ID Attribute_Definition: Field required by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software. DSAS uses this value to determine the ordering sequence of transects when the baseline feature contains multiple segments. Individual segments are numbered sequentially alongshore. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 6 Range_Domain_Maximum: 28 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Group Attribute_Definition: This is an optional field used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software for data management purposes. The summary report text file that is generated each time rate calculations are run uses the group attribute field to provide rate averages for each group. Here the groups represent coastal sub-region ID as defined in Gibbs and Richmond (2017). Attribute_Definition_Source: Himmelstoss and others (2021) and Gibbs and Richmond (2017) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Hulahula River to the Staines River Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 3 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Staines River to the Sagavanirktok River Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 4 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sagavanirktok River to the Colville River Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the data set. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data set. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: These data are available in shapefile format contained in a single zip file, which also includes CSDGM FGDC-compliant metadata. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Vector Digital Data Set (Polyline) Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS Desktop 10.8.1 Format_Specification: Esri polyline shapefile Format_Information_Content: These files (.cpg, .dbf, .prj, .sbn, .sbx, .shp, and .shx) are a collection of files with a common filename prefix and must be downloaded and stored in the same directory. Together they are the components of the shapefile and include FGDC CSDGM-compliant metadata. File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip or equivalent Transfer_Size: 0.030 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/663a51ded34e77890839b048 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/663a51ded34e77890839b048 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F72Z13N1 Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link is a direct link to download the zipped file of data and metadata. The second link points to a landing page with metadata and data. The third link points to the landing page for the overall data release. Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: These data are available in a polyline shapefile format. The user must have software to read and process the data components of a shapefile. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20240911 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998