<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metadata>
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Joshua B. Logan</origin>
        <origin>Alexander G. Snyder</origin>
        <pubdate>2017</pubdate>
        <title>Terrestrial lidar data from northern Monterey Bay, California, September 2015</title>
        <geoform>comma-delimited text</geoform>
        <serinfo>
          <sername>data release</sername>
          <issue>DOI:10.5066/F76H4GCW</issue>
        </serinfo>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California</pubplace>
          <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <onlink>https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4GCW</onlink>
        <onlink>https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59f0dc85e4b0220bbd9c6a83</onlink>
        <lworkcit>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Andrew W. Stevens</origin>
            <origin>Joshua B. Logan</origin>
            <origin>Alexander G. Snyder</origin>
            <origin>Daniel J. Hoover</origin>
            <origin>Patrick L. Barnard</origin>
            <origin>Jonathan A. Warrick</origin>
            <pubdate>2017</pubdate>
            <title>Beach topography and nearshore bathymetry of northern Monterey Bay, California</title>
            <serinfo>
              <sername>data release</sername>
              <issue>DOI:10.5066/F76H4GCW</issue>
            </serinfo>
            <pubinfo>
              <pubplace>Santa Cruz, CA</pubplace>
              <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
            </pubinfo>
            <onlink>https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4GCW</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </lworkcit>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>This part of the data release presents topography data from northern Monterey Bay, California collected in September 2015 with a terrestrial lidar scanner.</abstract>
      <purpose>Data were obtained to document changes in shoreline position and coastal morphology as they relate to episodic (storms), seasonal, interannual, and longer (for example, El Niño) processes. These data are intended for science researchers, students, policy makers, and the general public. These data can be used with geographic information systems or other software to identify topographic and shallow-water bathymetric features.</purpose>
      <supplinf>Additional information about the field activities from which these data were derived are available online at:
http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2015-668-FA
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.</supplinf>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <rngdates>
          <begdate>20150928</begdate>
          <enddate>20150929</enddate>
        </rngdates>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>ground condition at time data were collected</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>Not planned</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-122.025435</westbc>
        <eastbc>-121.946883</eastbc>
        <northbc>36.973307</northbc>
        <southbc>36.959831</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Metadata Identifier</themekt>
        <themekey>USGS:59f0dc85e4b0220bbd9c6a83</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Thesaurus</themekt>
        <themekey>topography</themekey>
        <themekey>LIDAR</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>ISO 19115 Topic Category</themekt>
        <themekey>elevation</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>Data Categories for Marine Planning</themekt>
        <themekey>Bathymetry and Elevation</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords</themekt>
        <themekey>coastal sediment budget</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)</themekt>
        <themekey>GPS (Global Positioning System)</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>None</themekt>
        <themekey>U.S. Geological Survey</themekey>
        <themekey>USGS</themekey>
        <themekey>Coastal and Marine Geology Program</themekey>
        <themekey>CMGP</themekey>
        <themekey>Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center</themekey>
        <themekey>PCMSC</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)</placekt>
        <placekey>Pacific Ocean</placekey>
        <placekey>Monterey Bay</placekey>
        <placekey>Monterey County</placekey>
        <placekey>Santa Cruz County</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
    <accconst>none</accconst>
    <useconst>USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. This information is not intended for navigational purposes.</useconst>
    <ptcontac>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Joshua B. Logan</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos>Physical Scientist</cntpos>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>2885 Mission St.</address>
          <city>Santa Cruz</city>
          <state>CA</state>
          <postal>95060</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>831-460-7519</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>jlogan@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </ptcontac>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr>No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted.</attraccr>
    </attracc>
    <logic>All data falls within expected ranges.</logic>
    <complete>Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.</complete>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar>Because the terrestrial lidar scanner rotates around the vertical axis during data collection, horizontal errors in the collected measurements are dependent on the range of each measurement from the sensor.  To limit errors caused by long-range returns, only measurements within a range of 700 meters of each scan position were used for the final data product.  Typical registration errors in the horizontal angle reported during point cloud registration for these data were found to be below 0.01 degrees, suggesting a maximum horizontal error of about 1.7 cm at a range of 100 meters, up to 12.2 cm at 700 meters.  Because the majority of measurements in each point cloud are made near the scanner, it is estimated that average horizontal accuracy of the measurements is less than 7 cm (equivalent to 0.01 degrees of error at range of 400 meters).</horizpar>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr>The vertical accuracy of the terrestrial lidar data was tested by comparing the final cleaned point cloud elevation values to concurrently collected topographic GNSS data.  The RMS errors calculated for the vertical differences between these data and the point cloud data were typically found to be less than or equal to about 7 cm.</vertaccr>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
    <lineage>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Terrestrial lidar data was collected between September 28 and 29, 2015 using a tripod-mounted Riegl VZ-1000 lidar scanner.  For each area surveyed, the scanner was placed at several positions which were selected to provide maximum line-of-sight coverage of the area of interest.  Scans were typically conducted in panoramic mode, creating a detailed point cloud of all unobstructed surfaces in a 360 degree view of the scanner. Each individual scan typically contains 20 million or more precise point measurements. At each scan position, co-registered photographic imagery was also collected with a scanner mounted DSLR camera.  Scanner registration was performed by placing four or more cylindrical or flat reflective tripod-mounted targets in view of the scanner.  The positions of these reflectors were measured using survey grade GNSS, and used in post-processing to register each point cloud into a projected coordinate system.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20150929</procdate>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Initial data processing of the terrestrial lidar data was conducted using Riegl RiscanPro software.  Each scan position and point cloud was registered using the GNSS-measured positions of the tripod-mounted reflectors.  The quality of the registration was visually compared against adjacent registered point clouds, and concurrently collected topographic GNSS data.  In the unlikely case that initial registration appeared to be inaccurate either due to poor GNSS precision, or poor reflector geometry, a point cloud fitting process called ?Multi-Station Adjustment (MSA)? was used to adjust the spatial registration to match adjacent point clouds.  After registration was completed, the point clouds were colorized using RGB pixel values from the co-registered photographic imagery.  The point clouds were then hand-edited to remove erroneous data points below the true ground surface caused by reflections on wet sand or water.  Additional noise from water, breaking surf, haze, and objects within the point cloud were also removed by hand editing.  The point clouds were then exported to comma delimited (.csv) format and converted into LAS format and processed using the LAStools software suite.  A batch script was used to:  1) clip the LAS files to the areas of interest,  2) perform a range filter to remove all points further than 700 meters away from the scanner, 3) thin the point cloud to an average spacing of 5 centimeters to reduce point density, and 4) perform a classification algorithm to detect ground points and remove objects and vegetation from the point cloud.  At this point a final visual check on the remaining points was performed to verify and correct any misclassification of ground surfaces.  To produce the final output files all classified ground points were thinned using the lowest elevation point in 10 centimeter cells, and the resulting points were exported to a comma delimited (.csv) format.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20171030</procdate>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20201019</procdate>
        <proccont>
          <cntinfo>
            <cntorgp>
              <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey</cntorg>
              <cntper>VeeAnn A. Cross</cntper>
            </cntorgp>
            <cntpos>Marine Geologist</cntpos>
            <cntaddr>
              <addrtype>Mailing and Physical</addrtype>
              <address>384 Woods Hole Road</address>
              <city>Woods Hole</city>
              <state>MA</state>
              <postal>02543-1598</postal>
            </cntaddr>
            <cntvoice>508-548-8700 x2251</cntvoice>
            <cntfax>508-457-2310</cntfax>
            <cntemail>vatnipp@usgs.gov</cntemail>
          </cntinfo>
        </proccont>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <spdoinfo>
    <direct>Point</direct>
    <ptvctinf>
      <sdtsterm>
        <sdtstype>Point</sdtstype>
        <ptvctcnt>3696472</ptvctcnt>
      </sdtsterm>
    </ptvctinf>
  </spdoinfo>
  <spref>
    <horizsys>
      <planar>
        <gridsys>
          <gridsysn>Universal Transverse Mercator</gridsysn>
          <utm>
            <utmzone>10</utmzone>
            <transmer>
              <sfctrmer>0.9996</sfctrmer>
              <longcm>-123.0</longcm>
              <latprjo>0.0</latprjo>
              <feast>500000.0</feast>
              <fnorth>0.0</fnorth>
            </transmer>
          </utm>
        </gridsys>
        <planci>
          <plance>row and column</plance>
          <coordrep>
            <absres>0.001</absres>
            <ordres>0.001</ordres>
          </coordrep>
          <plandu>Meter</plandu>
        </planci>
      </planar>
      <geodetic>
        <horizdn>NAD83 (2011)</horizdn>
        <ellips>GRS_1980</ellips>
        <semiaxis>6378137.0</semiaxis>
        <denflat>298.257222101</denflat>
      </geodetic>
    </horizsys>
    <vertdef>
      <altsys>
        <altdatum>North American Vertical Datum of 1988</altdatum>
        <altres>0.001</altres>
        <altunits>meters</altunits>
        <altenc>Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates</altenc>
      </altsys>
    </vertdef>
  </spref>
  <eainfo>
    <detailed>
      <enttyp>
        <enttypl>Attribute Table</enttypl>
        <enttypd>Table containing attribute information associated with the dataset</enttypd>
        <enttypds>Producer defined</enttypds>
      </enttyp>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>x</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>East coordinate of data point relative to the North American Datum of 1983 (2011 realization), projected in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), Zone 10 North, meters, coordinate system</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer Defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>586759.300</rdommin>
            <rdommax>593736.478</rdommax>
            <attrunit>meters</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>y</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>North coordinate of data point relative to the North American Datum of 1983 (2011 realization), projected in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), Zone 10 North, meters, coordinate system</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>4090860.060</rdommin>
            <rdommax>4092287.818</rdommax>
            <attrunit>meters</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>z</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Height in meters of data point with reference to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988.</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>0.555</rdommin>
            <rdommax>7.796</rdommax>
            <attrunit>meters</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>R</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Red pixel value from co-registered digital camera for each data point</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>0</rdommin>
            <rdommax>255</rdommax>
            <attrunit>unitless digital value</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>G</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Green pixel value from co-registered digital camera for each data point</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>0</rdommin>
            <rdommax>255</rdommax>
            <attrunit>unitless digital value</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>B</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>Blue pixel value from co-registered digital camera for each data point</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>Producer defined</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <rdom>
            <rdommin>0</rdommin>
            <rdommax>255</rdommax>
            <attrunit>unitless digital value</attrunit>
          </rdom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
    </detailed>
  </eainfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>U.S. Geological Survey - Science Base</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302</address>
          <city>Denver</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80225</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-888-275-8747</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>sciencebase@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <resdesc>Topography data are available as a comma-delimited text files (mb15_sept_tls_capitola.csv; mb15_sept_tls_santacruz.csv), along with associated FGDC-compliant metadata.</resdesc>
    <distliab>Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>comma-delimited text</formname>
          <formvern>Matlab 9.2.0.556344</formvern>
          <formspec>text</formspec>
          <formcont>comma-delimited text file</formcont>
          <transize>21.6</transize>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59f0dc85e4b0220bbd9c6a83?name=mb15_sept_tls_capitola.csv</networkr>
                <networkr>https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4GCW</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
            <accinstr>Data can be downloaded via the Internet</accinstr>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>comma-delimited text</formname>
          <formvern>Matlab 9.2.0.556344</formvern>
          <formspec>text</formspec>
          <formcont>comma-delimited text file</formcont>
          <transize>123.6</transize>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/59f0dc85e4b0220bbd9c6a83?name=mb15_sept_tls_santacruz.csv</networkr>
                <networkr>https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4GCW</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
            <accinstr>Data can be downloaded via the Internet</accinstr>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>None</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20201019</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Joshua B. Logan</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntpos>Physical Scientist</cntpos>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>2885 Mission St.</address>
          <city>Santa Cruz</city>
          <state>CA</state>
          <postal>95060</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>831-460-7519</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>astevens@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>
