Radiocarbon sample data and calibrated ages of sediment core collected in 2009 offshore from Palos Verdes, California

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Radiocarbon sample data and calibrated ages of sediment core collected in 2009 offshore from Palos Verdes, California
Abstract:
This part of the data release is a spreadsheet including radiocarbon sample information and calibrated ages of sediment cores collected in 2009 offshore of Palos Verdes, California. It is one of seven files included in this U.S. Geological Survey data release that include data from a set of sediment cores acquired from the continental slope, offshore Los Angeles and the Palos Verdes Peninsula, adjacent to the Palos Verdes Fault. Gravity cores were collected by the USGS in 2009 (cruise ID S-I2-09-SC; http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=SI209SC), and vibracores were collected with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute's remotely operated vehicle (ROV) Doc Ricketts in 2010 (cruise ID W-1-10-SC; http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=W110SC). One spreadsheet (PalosVerdesCores_Info.xlsx) contains core name, location, and length. One spreadsheet (PalosVerdesCores_MSCLdata.xlsx) contains Multi-Sensor Core Logger P-wave velocity, gamma-ray density, and magnetic susceptibility whole-core logs. One zipped folder of .bmp files (PalosVerdesCores_Photos.zip) contains continuous core photographs of the archive half of each core. One spreadsheet (PalosVerdesCores_GrainSize.xlsx) contains laser particle grain size sample information and analytical results. One spreadsheet (PalosVerdesCores_Radiocarbon.xlsx) contains radiocarbon sample information, results, and calibrated ages. One zipped folder of DICOM files (PalosVerdesCores_CT.zip) contains raw computed tomography (CT) image files. One .pdf file (PalosVerdesCores_Figures.pdf) contains combined displays of data for each core, including graphic diagram descriptive logs. This particular metadata file describes the information contained in the file PalosVerdesCores_Radiocarbon.xlsx. All cores are archived by the U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Maier, Katherine L., Paull, Charles K., McGann, Mary, and Conrad, James E., 20160325, Radiocarbon sample data and calibrated ages of sediment core collected in 2009 offshore from Palos Verdes, California: data release DOI:10.5066/F7G44NB6, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Maier, Katherine L., Paull, Charles K., McGann, Mary, and Conrad, James E., 2016, Sediment core data from offshore Palos Verdes, California: data release DOI:10.5066/F7G44NB6, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -118.15795898325
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -117.99316406138
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.593666691854
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.355402040003
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 2009
    Ending_Date: 2010
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition at the time the cores were collected
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: spreadsheet (.xlsx file)
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      Indirect_Spatial_Reference: none
      This is a Point data set.
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is WGS 84.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS 84.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Depth_System_Definition:
      Depth_Datum_Name: water depth (depth below sea level)
      Depth_Resolution: 0.1
      Depth_Distance_Units: meters below sea level
      Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Radiocarbon Sample Details and Analytical Results: Laboratory
    Table containing radiocarbon age data (Source: producer defined)
    NOSAMS Accession #
    Lab ID for radiocarbon sample (Source: producer defined)
    ValueDefinition
    OS-90856NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90860NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90838NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90901NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-87139NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90879NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90898NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-87225NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-94114NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-87704NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-87563NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90877NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90989NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90878NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90900NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90880NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90891NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90881NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90882NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-90896NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-111535NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-87562NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91011NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91016NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91044NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91013NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91042NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91040NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91017NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91037NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91038NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91015NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91008NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-91041NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-120754NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-77407NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-77408NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-77409NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-77412NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-88363NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-78006NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-77410NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-88344NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    OS-77411NOSAMS identifier for radiocarbon sample
    Core ID
    Name of sediment core sample (Source: producer defined)
    ValueDefinition
    DR125 VC-85ID for vibracore #85 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #125
    DR125 VC-86ID for vibracore #86 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #125
    DR125 VC-87ID for vibracore #87 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #125
    DR125 VC-89ID for vibracore #89 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #125
    DR125 VC-90ID for vibracore #90 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #125
    DR126 VC-92ID for vibracore #92 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #126
    DR126 VC-93ID for vibracore #93 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #126
    DR135 VC-126ID for vibracore #126 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #135
    DR135 VC-127ID for vibracore #127 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #135
    DR135 VC-128ID for vibracore #128 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #135
    DR135 VC-129ID for vibracore #129 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #135
    DR135 VC-130ID for vibracore #130 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #135
    DR135 VC-131ID for vibracore #131 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #135
    DR136 VC-134ID for vibracore #134 from ROV Doc Ricketts dive #136
    PV2-G1ID of gravity core from Palos Verdes site #2, gravity core 1
    PV8-G1ID of gravity core from Palos Verdes site #8, gravity core 1
    Sample Interval
    depth range of sampled interval in the core (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7
    Maximum:159
    Units:centimeters
    Sample Type
    material analyzed (Source: producer defined)
    ValueDefinition
    mixed planktic foraminiferamixed planktic foraminifera species
    mixed benthic foraminiferamixed benthic foraminifera species
    plant material (wood)macroscopic woody plant material (terrestrial)
    Mollusc (Cyclocardia bailyi)type of mollusc shell
    delta 13C
    delta C-13 (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-27.61
    Maximum:2.02
    Units:parts per mil
    14C Age
    resulting uncalibrated radiocarbon age (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:200
    Maximum:44,400
    Units:years before present
    Age Error
    analytical error in radiocarbon age (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:15
    Maximum:2,100
    Units:years
    Calendar Age
    calibrated radiocarbon age from CALIB (Stuiver and others, 2015) (Source: producer defined)
    ValueDefinition
    modernage less then 1950
    Range of values
    Minimum:84
    Maximum:46086
    Units:calibrated years before present
    2-sigma range
    2-sigma error for calibrated age (Stuiver and others, 2015) (Source: Stuiver and others (2015))
    ValueDefinition
    N/Aa 2-sigma error is not applicable for modern ages, nor for terrestrial plant sample material where no marine calibration is needed
    Range of values
    Minimum:409
    Maximum:49,748
    Units:calibrated years before present
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Radiocarbon sample details and analytical results are presented for 44 analyzed samples. Samples are identified with a National Ocean Sciences accelerator mass spectrometry (NOSAMS) accession #, the core ID, and the sampled interval (measured from the top of the core liner tube in centimeters). Sample types are described as what material from the core was analyzed. Delta 13-C ratios are given in parts per mil. The raw 14-C age is given in years before present (yrs BP) with age error in years. Calibrated calendar age and 2-sigma range are reported in calibrated years before present (cal yrs BP).
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    Sediment core radiocarbon sample information and analytical results are available in file PalosVerdesCores_Radiocarbon.xlsx at:https://doi.org/10.5066/F7G44NB6

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Katherine L. Maier
    • Charles K. Paull
    • Mary McGann
    • James E. Conrad
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center and Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA
    US

    831-427-4747 (voice)
    pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

The sediment cores and subsequent core data were collected to investigate the Palos Verdes Fault and continental slope sedimentation.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2015 (process 1 of 3)
    The USGS recovered gravity cores with the R/V Robert Gordon Sproul in 2009 from six sites flanking the Palos Verdes Fault on the continental slope northwest of San Gabriel Canyon (see cruise ID S-I2-09-SC (http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=SI209SC) for additional information), and in 2010, the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) collected vibracores along transects in the same area using their remotely operated vehicle (ROV) Doc Ricketts aboard the R/V Western Flyer (see cruise ID W-1-10-SC (http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=W110SC) for additional information). Radiocarbon age was analyzed on planktic (preferred) or benthic foraminifera from fine-grained beds or organic material from 2–3 cm intervals of several cores. The samples were wet-sieved through a 63-µm screen, and mixed benthic foraminifera assemblages were hand-picked. The resulting sample separates were analyzed by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) at the National Ocean Sciences AMS (NOSAMS) facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Ages were calculated using the accepted 14-C half-life of 5568 years (Stuiver and Polach, 1977). Marine carbonate samples were reservoir-age corrected and calibrated using a 633-year (Ingram and Southon, 1996; Stuiver and Braziunas, 1993) and 1750-year (Mix and others, 1999) reservoir age correction for planktic and benthic samples, respectively. Raw ages for marine carbonate samples were calibrated using the CALIB 7.0.4 program (Stuiver and others, 2015).
    Date: 02-Oct-2025 (process 2 of 3)
    Data and metadata files were moved to a different location on ScienceBase, resulting in a change of ID number in the Online_Linkage and Network_Resources URLs of the metadata. In addition, edits were made as needed to bring the metadata up to current PCMSC standards including standardizing doi# links, correcting typos, adding disclaimers, and refining keywords. Point of Contact and Metadata Contact information sections were changed to static PCMSC contact information. No data were changed. Users are advised to compare the metadata date of this file to any similar file to ensure they are using the most recent version. Person who carried out this activity:
    Susan A Cochran
    U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    2885 Mission St.
    Santa Cruz, CA
    United States

    831-460-7545 (voice)
    scochran@usgs.gov
    Date: 19-Oct-2020 (process 3 of 3)
    Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Brothers, D.S., Conrad, J.E., Maier, K.L., Paull, C.K., McGann, M., and Caress, D.W., 2015, The Palos Verdes Fault offshore southern California: Late Pleistocene to Present tectonic geomorphology, seascape evolution and slip-rate estimate based on AUV and ROV surveys.

    Online Links:

    Maier, K.L., Brothers, D.S., Paull, C.K., McGann, M., Caress, D.W., and Conrad, J.E., 2016, Records of continental slope sediment flow morphodynamic responses to gradient and active faulting from integrated AUV and ROV data, offshore Palos Verdes, southern California Borderland.

    Online Links:

    Stuiver, M., Reimer, P.J., and Reimer, R., 2015, CALIB Radiocarbon Calibration Execute Version 7.0.4.

    Online Links:

    Ingram., B.L., and Southon, J.R., 1996, Reservoir ages in eastern Pacific coastal and estuarine waters.

    Online Links:

    Stuiver, M., and Braziuna, T.F., 1993, Sun, ocean, climate and atmospheric 14-CO2: an evaluation of causal and spectral relationships: The Holocene, v. 3, p. 289-305, United Kingdom.

    Mix, A.C., Lund, D.C., Pisias, N.G., Boden, P., Bornmalm, L., Lyle, M., and Pike, J., 1999, Rapid climate oscillations in the northeast Pacific during the last deglaciation reflect Northern and Southern Hemisphere sources. In: Mechanisms of global climate change at millennial time scales (Eds P.U. Clark, R.S., Webb, L.D., Keigwin): Geophysical Monograph, v. 112, 127-148, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D. C..

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:
USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey and Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO
    USA

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 19-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz, CA
US

831-427-4747 (voice)
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
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