Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Curt D. Storlazzi Originator: Maarten van Ormondt Originator: Yi-Leng Chen Originator: Edwin P.L. Elias Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Physics-based numerical circulation model outputs of ocean surface circulation during the 2010-2013 summer coral-spawning seasons in Maui Nui, Hawaii, USA Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: netCDF files Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7NK3C59 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NK3C59 Online_Linkage: http://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324 Description: Abstract: Ocean surface current results from a physics-based, 3-dimensional coupled ocean-atmosphere numerical model were generated to understand coral larval dispersal patterns in Maui Nui, Hawaii, USA. The model was used to simulate coral larval dispersal patterns from a number of existing State-managed reefs and large tracks of reefs with high coral coverage that might be good candidates for marine-protected areas (MPAs) during 8 spawning events during 2010-2013. The goal of this effort is to provide geophysical data to help provide guidance to sustain coral health in Maui Nui, Hawaii, USA. Each model output run is available as a netCDF file with self-contained attribute information. Each file name is appended with the model-simulation date in YYYYMMDD format; the file name denotes the beginning of simulation portion of the model run, with the model starting and spinning up over two days before the model-simulation date in the file name. Purpose: These model data show not only the relatively short timescales of dispersal between the adjacent high islands in Maui Nui, but also the interconnected nature of the islands that has been identified in genetic studies. These simulations make it possible to investigate not only the general surface dispersal patterns from individual coral reefs in the Maui Nui complex of Hawaii, USA, but also how anomalous conditions during individual spawning events can result in large deviations from those general patterns. These data also help identify those reefs that are dominated by self-seeding and those where little self-seeding occurs to determine their relative susceptibility to stressors and potential roadblocks to recovery. These results provide some of the fundamental, sound scientific information that is generally lacking but needed to help guide the design of mutually supporting MPAs to protect and preserve coral reefs. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20100725 Ending_Date: 20130821 Currentness_Reference: calendar dates of model simulations Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.4315 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -155.7729 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.3797 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.4098 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:57db0908e4b090824ffc3324 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: ocean circulation Theme_Keyword: ocean currents Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: ocean Theme_Keyword: atmosphere Theme_Keyword: currents Theme_Keyword: ocean current observations Theme_Keyword: physical oceanography Theme_Keyword: numerical modeling Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: ocean currents Theme_Keyword: ocean general circulation models (OGCM)/regional ocean models Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: ocean surface Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Maui Place_Keyword: Lanai Place_Keyword: Molokai Place_Keyword: Kahoolawe Place_Keyword: Hawaii Place_Keyword: United States of America Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: USA Place_Keyword: Maui Nui Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Curt D. Storlazzi Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7521 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cstorlazzi@usgs.gov Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Curt D. Storlazzi Originator: Maarten van Ormondt Originator: Yi-Leng Chen Originator: Edwin P.L. Elias Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Modeling fine-scale coral larval dispersal and interisland connectivity to help design mutually-supporting coral reef Marine Protected Areas: Insights from Maui Nui, Hawaii Series_Information: Series_Name: manuscript Issue_Identification: DOI:10.3389/fmars.2017.00381 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: San Francisco, California Publisher: Frontiers in Marine Science Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00381 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: Data fall within expected ranges. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has either not been conducted, or is not applicable. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has either not been conducted, or is not applicable. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Weather Research & Forecasting (WRF) Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Advanced Research Weather (ARW) model ver. 3.5 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Boulder, CO Publisher: University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) Online_Linkage: http://www.wrf-model.org/ Type_of_Source_Media: Downloadable digital model Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140505 Source_Currentness_Reference: download date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: WRF-ARW Source_Contribution: ARW model was used as the basis for wind model forecasts using NCEP-GFS data as input Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Global Forecast System (GFS) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, MD Publisher: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Online_Linkage: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/model-data/model-datasets/global-forcast-system-gfs Type_of_Source_Media: Downloadable digital dataset Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140505 Source_Currentness_Reference: download date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NCEP-GFS Source_Contribution: data from NCEP-GFS was used as input for WRF-ARW Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Weather Service (NWS) Publication_Date: 2016 Title: WAVEWATCH III Model, ver. 3.14 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, MD Publisher: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Online_Linkage: http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/waves/wavewatch/ Type_of_Source_Media: Downloadable digital model Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140505 Source_Currentness_Reference: download date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: WWIII Source_Contribution: data from WWIII global wave model was used as input for wave forcing, which in turn, was used to drive the SWAN model Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Delft University of Technology Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model, ver. 4072ABCDE Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Delft, Netherlands Publisher: Delft University of Technology Online_Linkage: http://www.swan.tudelft.nl/ Type_of_Source_Media: Downloadable digital model Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140505 Source_Currentness_Reference: download date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: SWAN Source_Contribution: wave forcing determined from WWIII was used to drive the SWAN model portion of this modeling effort Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Deltares Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Delft3D-Flow, ver. 5.01.00.2163 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Delft, Netherlands Publisher: Deltares Online_Linkage: http://oss.deltares.nl/web/delft3d/delft3d-flow Type_of_Source_Media: Downloadable digital model Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140505 Source_Currentness_Reference: download date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Delft3D-Flow Source_Contribution: the Delft3D-Flow module (of the Delft3D Model) was used to simulate water motion in this modeling effort Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Deltares Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Delft3D-Wave, ver. 3.05.02.???? Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Delft, Netherlands Publisher: Deltares Online_Linkage: http://oss.deltares.nl/web/delft3d/delft3d-wave Type_of_Source_Media: Downloadable digital model Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140505 Source_Currentness_Reference: download date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Delft3D-Wave Source_Contribution: the Delft3D-Wave module (of the Delft3D Model) was used to simulate waves in this modeling effort Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Geophysical Data Center Publication_Date: 2016 Title: U.S. Coastal Relief Model Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, MD Publisher: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Online_Linkage: https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/coastal/crm.html Type_of_Source_Media: Downloadable digital data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140505 Source_Currentness_Reference: download date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: bathy Source_Contribution: 3 arc-s bathymetry data were used as input for this modeling effort Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: HYCOM consortium, Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS), Florida State University Publication_Date: 2016 Title: HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Tallahassee, FL Publisher: Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (COAPS), Florida State University Online_Linkage: http://hycom.org/ Type_of_Source_Media: Downloadable digital model Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140505 Source_Currentness_Reference: download date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: HYCOM Source_Contribution: horizontal current velocities, water temperature, and salinity data from HYCOM were used in this modeling effort Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Oregon State University Publication_Date: 2016 Title: TOPEX/Poseidon Global Inverse Solution (TPXO) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Corvallis, OR Publisher: Oregon State University Online_Linkage: http://volkov.oce.orst.edu/tides/global.html Type_of_Source_Media: Downloadable digital model Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140505 Source_Currentness_Reference: download date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: TPXO Source_Contribution: tidal data from TPXO were used in this modeling effort Process_Step: Process_Description: The Weather Research and Forecast’s Advanced Research Weather (WRF-ARW) model was used as the basis for wind model forecasts using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Global Forecast System (NCEP-GFS) data with a 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree grid dynamically downscaled to 2 km. Wave forcing for the circulation model was obtained from NOAA’s WAVEWATCH-III global wave model, which was used, in turn, to drive a Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model. A Delft3D coupled 3-dimensional, wave-current numerical circulation model for the Maui Nui complex of Hawaii was constructed to examine the effects of winds, waves, tides, and regional currents on circulation in and amongst the islands of Maui Nui. Delft3D-Flow module of the Delft3D model forms the core of the model system to simulate water motion. Two Delft3D models were constructed: (1) the coarser Regional Hawaii Model, and (2) the finer-scale Maui Nui Model, which was nested within the larger Regional Hawaii Model. Results presented here are from the finer-scale Maui Nui model. The bathymetry data for these models were obtained from NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center’s U.S. Coastal Relief Model 3 arc-s bathymetric dataset. Both of these models consist of the Delft3D-flow and Delft3D-wave modules. The Regional Hawaii Model is a 3-dimensional, rectangular gridded model with 5-km grid resolution. In order to include large-scale oceanic circulation effects, this model was forced using the 3-dimensional global (1/12 degree resolution) HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model’s (HYCOM) horizontal current velocities, water temperature, and salinity outputs. Tidal information at the boundaries of the coarser Delft3D model was provided by the Oregon State University TOPEX/Poseidon global inverse solution (TPXO). The Maui Nui Model has a 3-dimensional, curvilinear domain with a grid cell resolution of 1 km. The water level, temperature, salinity, and horizontal current velocity boundary conditions necessary to accurately force the Maui Nui Model were supplied by the Regional Hawaii Model using the Delft3D dynamically-downscaling nesting procedure. On the free surface, wind was implemented as a shear stress based on the WRF-ARW wind model data. Process_Date: 20160801 Process_Step: Process_Description: Each Delft3D model output run was imported to Matlab and then exported as a netCDF file with self-contained attribute information. Each file name is appended with the model-simulation date in YYYYMMDD format; the file name denotes the beginning of simulation portion of the model run, with the model starting and spinning up over two days before the model-simulation date in the file name. Process_Date: 20160801 Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20201019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 111 Column_Count: 172 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 4N Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -159 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1000 Ordinate_Resolution: 1000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGX_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.00000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.2572236 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: netCDF files are self-contained and attribute information may be found in the header of the file itself. The attributes are as follows: time: time in seconds since 2000-1-1T00:00:00Z with a fill value of -999 (type double) x: x-coordinate (UTM zone 4N) in meters with a fill value of -999 (type double) y: y-coordinate (UTM zone 4N) in meters with a fill value of -999 (type double) u: surface current (0-2 meters depth) in the x (eastward) direction in meters/second with a fill value of -999 (type double) v: surface current (0-2 meters depth) in y (northward) direction in meters/second with a fill value of -999 (type double) crs: WGS 84 / UTM zone 4N EPSG:32604 Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable ocean-circulation model results in netCDF format Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Format_Version_Number: Matlab 2012a Format_Information_Content: Zip file contains all eight Maui Nui ocean-circulation model results in netCDF format (surfvel.mauinui.20100725.nc, surfvel.mauinui.20100824.nc, surfvel.mauinui.20110714.nc, surfvel.mauinui.20110813.nc, surfvel.mauinui.20120801.nc, surfvel.mauinui.20130703.nc, surfvel.mauinui.20130722.nc, surfvel.mauinui.20130821.nc) File_Decompression_Technique: zip archive Transfer_Size: 247.5 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NK3C59 Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Format_Version_Number: Matlab 2012a Format_Information_Content: Maui Nui ocean-circulation model results for July 25, 2010 in netCDF format Transfer_Size: 56.52 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324?name=surfvel.mauinui.20100725.nc Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Format_Version_Number: Matlab 2012a Format_Information_Content: Maui Nui ocean-circulation model results for August 24, 2010 in netCDF format Transfer_Size: 70.5 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324?name=surfvel.mauinui.20100824.nc Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Format_Version_Number: Matlab 2012a Format_Information_Content: Maui Nui ocean-circulation model results for August 13, 2011 in netCDF format Transfer_Size: 84.49 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324?name=surfvel.mauinui.20110813.nc Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Format_Version_Number: Matlab 2012a Format_Information_Content: Maui Nui ocean-circulation model results for July 14, 2011 in netCDF format Transfer_Size: 84.49 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324?name=surfvel.mauinui.20110714.nc Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Format_Version_Number: Matlab 2012a Format_Information_Content: Maui Nui ocean-circulation model results for August 1, 2012 in netCDF format Transfer_Size: 56.52 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324?name=surfvel.mauinui.20120801.nc Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Format_Version_Number: Matlab 2012a Format_Information_Content: Maui Nui ocean-circulation model results for July 3, 2013 in netCDF format Transfer_Size: 42.54 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324?name=surfvel.mauinui.20130703.nc Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Format_Version_Number: Matlab 2012a Format_Information_Content: Maui Nui ocean-circulation model results for July 22, 2013 in netCDF format Transfer_Size: 42.54 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324?name=surfvel.mauinui.20130722.nc Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: netCDF Format_Version_Number: Matlab 2012a Format_Information_Content: Maui Nui ocean-circulation model results for August 21, 2013 in netCDF format Transfer_Size: 42.54 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57db0908e4b090824ffc3324?name=surfvel.mauinui.20130821.nc Access_Instructions: Data may be accessed and downloaded via the Internet Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: Several software packages can read netCDF files. Please see the following website for a list of freely available software that can read these files: http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/software.html Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201019 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Curt D. Storlazzi Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7521 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cstorlazzi@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998