Digital image mosaics of the nearshore coastal waters of Kukio on the Island of Hawai'i generated using aerial photographs and SHOALS airborne lidar bathymetry data

Digital-image mosaics were generated by first scanning 1:24K aerial photographs at 1.0 meter-per-pixel resolution. The individually scanned digital images were tone- and color-matched and then combined together using spatial matching. Separately, black and white digital orthophotoquads (DOQs) of the same areas were then combined with shaded-relief images generated from lidar bathymetry data. The resulting black and white shaded-relief images covering both near-shore coastal waters and on-land areas became the geometric 'masters' for the mosaics generated from the aerial photographs. The aerial-photograph mosaics were geometrically corrected to overlay the master data set by using hundreds of image-to-image geometric control points and 'slaving' the mosaic onto the DOQ-lidar master. The lidar bathymetry data were then used to create versions of the digital-image mosaics showing shaded-relief. The depth at which bottom features can be seen with the digitized aerial photographs alone is approximately 27 m (55 ft), but can reach 36 m (120 ft) when combined with the DOQ-lidar bathymetry data.

Edited metadata to correct spelling of originator names in Larger Work section. Performed minor edits to the metadata to correct typos. No data were changed.