Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Pat S. Chavez, Jr. Originator: JoAnn Isbrecht Originator: Miguel G. Velasco Originator: Susan A. Cochran Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Digital image mosaic of the nearshore coastal waters of Pala'au on the island of Moloka'i generated using aerial photographs and SHOALS airborne lidar bathymetry data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster digital data set Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: 10.5066/F7NZ85SK Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NZ85SK Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Pat S. Chavez, Jr. Originator: JoAnn Isbrecht Originator: Miguel G. Velasco Originator: Susan A. Cochran Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Digital image mosaic of the nearshore coastal waters of Pala'au on the island of Moloka'i generated using aerial photographs and SHOALS airborne lidar bathymetry data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: 10.5066/F7NZ85SK Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NZ85SK Description: Abstract: This portion of the data release contains a digital image mosaic with 1.0 foot-per-pixel resolution of the Pala'au area on the south coast of Moloka'i. This image mosaic was generated using digitized 1:10K natural color photographs collected in January 2000 by Air Survey Hawai'i, Inc. for the U.S. Geological Survey. Also available is a lower-resolution 'browse' graphic of the image mosaic area and associated metadata. Purpose: The lack of geographic and thematic maps of coral reefs limits our understanding of reefs and our ability to assess change. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has the capability to compile digital image mosaics that are useful for creating detailed map products. Image maps covering the shallow near-shore coastal waters have been produced for several of the main Hawaiian Islands, including Hawai'i, Maui, Moloka'i, and O'ahu and are presented in JPEG2000 (.jp2) format. Supplemental_Information: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1993 Ending_Date: 2001 Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.117 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.083 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.098 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.08 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: image mosaics Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: coastal ecosystems Theme_Keyword: marine ecosystems Theme_Keyword: reef ecosystems Theme_Keyword: geology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: coral reefs Theme_Keyword: lidar Theme_Keyword: cameras Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: fragile ecosystems Theme_Keyword: habitats Theme_Keyword: photography Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: mapping Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: mosaics Theme_Keyword: image processing Theme_Keyword: coastal water Theme_Keyword: coastal ecology Theme_Keyword: marine environments Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: aerial imagery Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Island of Hawai'i Place_Keyword: Maui Place_Keyword: Moloka'i Place_Keyword: O'ahu Place_Keyword: La'au Point Place_Keyword: Haleolono Point Place_Keyword: Waiakane Place_Keyword: Pala'au Place_Keyword: Umipa'a Place_Keyword: Kaunakakai Place_Keyword: Kamiloloa Place_Keyword: Kawela Place_Keyword: Kamalo Place_Keyword: Kalaeloa Place_Keyword: Puko'o Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: palaau_1ft_browse.jp2 Browse_Graphic_File_Description: 10x compression Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG 2000 Native_Data_Set_Environment: OS - VMS, UNIX; Software - USGS Mini Image Processing System (MIPS) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Pat S. Chavez, Jr. Publication_Date: 1984 Title: U.S. Geological Survey mini image processing system (MIPS) Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 84-880 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr84880 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: There are no attributes associated with JPEG2000 images. Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted, nor are they applicable for these data. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Ocean Service Publication_Date: 1993 Title: 1:35K natural-color aerial photographs of selected areas of the island of Moloka'i Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, MD Publisher: NOAA National Ocean Service Type_of_Source_Media: paper aerial photographs Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19930921 Source_Currentness_Reference: aerial photograph acquisition date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: aerial Source_Contribution: Aerial photographs were digitized and used to create image mosaics Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Publication_Date: 2016 Title: EarthExplorer online database Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Online_Linkage: http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov Type_of_Source_Media: GeoTIFF Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2000 Ending_Date: 2001 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time images was collected Source_Citation_Abbreviation: DOQ Source_Contribution: Digital orthophotoquads (DOQs) were matched and combined with lidar data to get image-to-image geometric control points on both land and within the water areas to create 'masters' with which to georeference the aerial photographs Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBCTX) Publication_Date: 2000 Title: SHOALS lidar bathymetry data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Mobile, AL Publisher: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Online_Linkage: http://shoals.sam.usace.army.mil/ Type_of_Source_Media: ASCII xyz data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 199902 Ending_Date: 199904 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time lidar data were collected Source_Citation_Abbreviation: lidar Source_Contribution: Lidar bathymetry data were used to help geometrically control the aerial photography Process_Step: Process_Description: Digital-image mosaics were generated by first scanning 1:35K aerial photographs at 1.0 meter-per-pixel resolution. The individually scanned digital images were tone- and color-matched and then combined together using spatial matching. Separately, black and white digital orthophotoquads (DOQs) of the same areas were then combined with shaded-relief images generated from lidar bathymetry data. The resulting black and white shaded-relief images covering both near-shore coastal waters and on-land areas became the geometric 'masters' for the mosaics generated from the aerial photographs. The aerial-photograph mosaics were geometrically corrected to overlay the master data set by using hundreds of image-to-image geometric control points and 'slaving' the mosaic onto the DOQ-lidar master. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: all sources cited were used Process_Date: 2007 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Western Geographic Science Center Contact_Person: Miguel G. Velasco Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2255 N. Gemini Drive City: Flagstaff State_or_Province: AZ Postal_Code: 86001 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 928-556-7224 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mvelasco@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to correct spelling of originator names in Larger Work section. Performed minor edits to the metadata to correct typos. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20211014 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Cloud_Cover: 0 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 6430 Column_Count: 11447 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 4 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -153 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 0 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Coordinate Pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.0 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.0 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Ellipsoid_Name: NAD83 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: These digital image mosaics are available in JPEG 2000 format (.jp2), along with a lower-resolution 'browse' image and associated metadata. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: JPEG Format_Version_Number: USGS Mini Image Processing System (MIPS) Format_Specification: JPEG 2000 raster Format_Information_Content: jp2 images, browse graphics, and metadata files. File_Decompression_Technique: zip archive Transfer_Size: 386 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57aa4273e4b05e859be091a3?name=molokai_1m.zip Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the Internet Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: These data can be read by computers running Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX operating systems, all equipped with a color monitor. A PC should have an Intel® Pentium® processor or faster, Microsoft® Windows 98 or newer, and 64 MB of RAM or greater. A Macintosh should have a PowerPC® processor or faster, Mac OS software version 8.6 or newer, and 64 MB of RAM or greater. Almost any UNIX workstation can read these files. Optional software includes Geographic Information System (GIS) software, such as Esri ArcGIS®, or other image-processing software that will handle large files, such as ERDAS®, ENVI®, and Adobe Photoshop® or LizardTech® Express View. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211014 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: United States of America Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998