Pat S. Chavez, Jr.
JoAnn Isbrecht
Miguel G. Velasco
Susan A. Cochran
2016
Digital shaded-relief image mosaic of the nearshore coastal waters of southcentral Moloka'i generated using aerial photographs and SHOALS airborne lidar bathymetry data
Raster digital data set
data release
10.5066/F7NZ85SK
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California
U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NZ85SK
Pat S. Chavez, Jr.
JoAnn Isbrecht
Miguel G. Velasco
Susan A. Cochran
2016
Digital shaded-relief image mosaic of the nearshore coastal waters of southcentral Moloka'i generated using aerial photographs and SHOALS airborne lidar bathymetry data
data release
10.5066/F7NZ85SK
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California
U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NZ85SK
This portion of the data release contains a shaded-relief image mosaic of the nearshore coastal waters along southcentral Moloka'i. This image mosaic was generated using digitized 1:35K natural color photographs collected in September 1993 by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Ocean Service (NOS) and scanned in at 1-meter resolution. Several of the 1-meter-resolution images have been merged together and combined with lidar bathymetry data to create a large shaded-relief image. Also available is a lower-resolution 'browse' graphic and associated metadata.
The lack of geographic and thematic maps of coral reefs limits our understanding of reefs and our ability to assess change. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has the capability to compile digital image mosaics that are useful for creating detailed map products. Image maps covering the shallow near-shore coastal waters have been produced for several of the main Hawaiian Islands, including Hawai'i, Maui, Moloka'i, and O'ahu and are presented in JPEG2000 (.jp2) format.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
1993
2001
ground condition at time data were collected
None planned
-157.132
-156.944
21.12
21.044
ISO 19115 Topic Category
imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
environment
geoscientificInformation
oceans
USGS Thesaurus
image mosaics
aerial photography
coastal ecosystems
marine ecosystems
reef ecosystems
geology
Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)
coral reefs
lidar
cameras
Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
fragile ecosystems
habitats
photography
remote sensing
mapping
NASA Thesaurus
aerial photography
mosaics
image processing
coastal water
coastal ecology
marine environments
None
aerial imagery
USGS
U.S. Geological Survey
PCMSC
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
CMGP
Coastal and Marine Geology Program
shaded-relief
Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Island of Hawai'i
Maui
Moloka'i
O'ahu
Ilio Point
Haleolono Point
Waiakane
Pala'au
Umipa'a
Kaunakakai
Kamiloloa
Kawela
Kamalo
Kalaeloa
Puko'o
None
USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Susan A. Cochran
Geologist
Mailing and Physical
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz
CA
95060
831-460-7545
831-427-4748
scochran@usgs.gov
southcentral_1m_shaded_browse.jp2
10x compression
JPEG 2000
OS - VMS, UNIX; Software - USGS Mini Image Processing System (MIPS)
Pat S. Chavez, Jr.
1984
U.S. Geological Survey mini image processing system (MIPS)
Open-File Report
84-880
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr84880
There are no attributes associated with JPEG2000 images.
No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted, nor are they applicable for these data.
Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted.
A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Ocean Service
1993
1:35K natural-color aerial photographs of selected areas of the island of Moloka'i
Silver Spring, MD
NOAA National Ocean Service
paper aerial photographs
19930921
aerial photograph acquisition date
aerial
Aerial photographs were digitized and used to create image mosaics
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
2016
EarthExplorer online database
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov
GeoTIFF
2000
2001
ground condition at time images was collected
DOQ
Digital orthophotoquads (DOQs) were matched and combined with lidar data to get image-to-image geometric control points on both land and within the water areas to create 'masters' with which to georeference the aerial photographs
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBCTX)
2000
SHOALS lidar bathymetry data
Mobile, AL
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
http://shoals.sam.usace.army.mil/
ASCII xyz data
199902
199904
ground condition at time lidar data were collected
lidar
Lidar bathymetry data were used to help geometrically control the aerial photography and to create shaded-relief images
Digital-image mosaics were generated by first scanning 1:35K aerial photographs at 1.0 meter-per-pixel resolution. The individually scanned digital images were tone- and color-matched and then combined together using spatial matching. Separately, black and white digital orthophotoquads (DOQs) of the same areas were then combined with shaded-relief images generated from lidar bathymetry data. The resulting black and white shaded-relief images covering both near-shore coastal waters and on-land areas became the geometric 'masters' for the mosaics generated from the aerial photographs. The aerial-photograph mosaics were geometrically corrected to overlay the master data set by using hundreds of image-to-image geometric control points and 'slaving' the mosaic onto the DOQ-lidar master. The lidar bathymetry data were then used to create versions of the digital-image mosaics showing shaded-relief. The depth at which bottom features can be seen with the digitized aerial photographs alone is approximately 27 m (55 ft), but can reach 36 m (120 ft) when combined with the lidar bathymetry data.
all sources cited were used
2007
U.S. Geological Survey, Western Geographic Science Center
Miguel G. Velasco
Geographer
Mailing and Physical
2255 N. Gemini Drive
Flagstaff
AZ
86001
928-556-7224
mvelasco@usgs.gov
Edited metadata to correct spelling of originator names in Larger Work section. Performed minor edits to the metadata to correct typos. No data were changed.
20211014
U.S. Geological Survey
Susan A. Cochran
Geologist
Mailing and Physical
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz
CA
95060
831-460-7545
scochran@usgs.gov
0
Raster
Pixel
8134
19597
Universal Transverse Mercator
4
0.9996
-153
0
0
0
Coordinate Pair
1.0
1.0
meters
WGS84
6378137
298.257
U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
Mailing and Physical
Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
Denver
CO
80225
1-888-275-8747
sciencebase@usgs.gov
These digital image mosaics are available in JPEG 2000 format (.jp2), along with a lower-resolution 'browse' image and associated metadata.
Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
JPEG
USGS Mini Image Processing System (MIPS)
JPEG 2000 raster
jp2 images, browse graphics, and metadata files.
zip archive
474
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57aa4273e4b05e859be091a3?name=molokai_1m_shaded.zip
Data can be downloaded via the Internet
None.
These data can be read by computers running Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX operating systems, all equipped with a color monitor. A PC should have an Intel® Pentium® processor or faster, Microsoft® Windows 98 or newer, and 64 MB of RAM or greater. A Macintosh should have a PowerPC® processor or faster, Mac OS software version 8.6 or newer, and 64 MB of RAM or greater. Almost any UNIX workstation can read these files. Optional software includes Geographic Information System (GIS) software, such as Esri ArcGIS®, or other image-processing software that will handle large files, such as ERDAS®, ENVI®, and Adobe Photoshop® or LizardTech® Express View.
20211014
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Susan A. Cochran
Geologist
Mailing and Physical
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz
CA
95060
United States of America
831-460-7545
scochran@usgs.gov
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998