Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Pat S. Chavez, Jr. Originator: JoAnn Isbrecht Originator: Miguel G. Velasco Originator: Susan A. Cochran Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Digital image mosaics of the nearshore coastal waters of selected areas on the island of O'ahu generated using aerial photographs and SHOALS airborne lidar bathymetry data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster digital data set Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: 10.5066/F7NZ85SK Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NZ85SK Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Pat S. Chavez, Jr. Originator: JoAnn Isbrecht Originator: Miguel G. Velasco Originator: Susan A. Cochran Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Digital image mosaics of the nearshore coastal waters of selected areas on the Hawaiian Islands of Hawai'i, Maui, Moloka'i, and O'ahu generated using aerial photographs and airborne lidar bathymetry data Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: 10.5066/F7NZ85SK Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7NZ85SK Description: Abstract: This portion of the data release contains digital image mosaics along the southeast coast of O'ahu. Digital mosaics at 1-foot (0.3048-meter) resolution, including the areas of Waikiki, Diamond Head, Wai'alae, Maunalua Bay, and Portlock, were generated from 1:10K aerial photography and are presented in one zip file (oahu_1ft.zip) that also contains lower-resolution 'browse' graphics of each image mosaic area, as well as associated metadata. All of the digital image areas (from Waikiki to Portlock) were combined into one large digital mosaic at 1-meter resolution, which is presented in another zip file (oahu_1m.zip) that includes a 'browse' graphic of the image mosaic area and associated metadata. The 1-meter resolution digital image mosaic was also combined with lidar bathymetry data to create a shaded-relief image, which is presented in a third zip file (oahu_1m_shaded.zip), along with a 'browse' graphic of the image mosaic area and associated metadata. Purpose: The lack of geographic and thematic maps of coral reefs limits our understanding of reefs and our ability to assess change. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has the capability to compile digital image mosaics that are useful for creating detailed map products. Image maps covering the shallow near-shore coastal waters have been produced for several of the main Hawaiian Islands, including Hawai'i, Maui, Moloka'i, and O'ahu and are presented in JPEG2000 (.jp2) format. Supplemental_Information: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1999 Ending_Date: 2000 Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.862 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.685 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.295 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.237 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:57aa4296e4b05e859be091a5 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: image mosaics Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: coastal ecosystems Theme_Keyword: marine ecosystems Theme_Keyword: reef ecosystems Theme_Keyword: geology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: coral reefs Theme_Keyword: lidar Theme_Keyword: cameras Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: fragile ecosystems Theme_Keyword: habitats Theme_Keyword: photography Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: mapping Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: mosaics Theme_Keyword: image processing Theme_Keyword: coastal water Theme_Keyword: coastal ecology Theme_Keyword: marine environments Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: aerial imagery Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: shaded-relief Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Island of Hawai'i Place_Keyword: Maui Place_Keyword: Moloka'i Place_Keyword: O'ahu Place_Keyword: Waikiki Place_Keyword: Diamond Head Place_Keyword: Wai'alae Place_Keyword: Maunalua Bay Place_Keyword: Portlock Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: OS - VMS, UNIX; Software - USGS Mini Image Processing System (MIPS) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Pat S. Chavez, Jr. Publication_Date: 1984 Title: U.S. Geological Survey mini image processing system (MIPS) Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 84-880 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr84880 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: There are no attributes associated with JPEG2000 images. Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted, nor are they applicable for these data. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Ocean Service Publication_Date: 2000 Title: 1:10K natural-color aerial photographs of selected areas of the island of Moloka'i Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, MD Publisher: NOAA National Ocean Service Type_of_Source_Media: paper aerial photographs Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19991110 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20000124 Source_Currentness_Reference: aerial photograph acquisition date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: aerial Source_Contribution: Aerial photographs were digitized and used to create image mosaics Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Publication_Date: 2016 Title: USGSS National Map online database Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Online_Linkage: http://nationalmap.usgs.gov Type_of_Source_Media: GeoPDF Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2000 Ending_Date: 2001 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date of maps Source_Citation_Abbreviation: DRG Source_Contribution: Digital raster graphics (DRGs) were matched and combined with lidar data to get image-to-image geometric control points on both land and within the water areas to create 'masters' with which to georeferenced the aerial photographs Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBCTX) Publication_Date: 2000 Title: SHOALS lidar bathymetry data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Mobile, AL Publisher: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Online_Linkage: http://shoals.sam.usace.army.mil/ Type_of_Source_Media: ASCII xyz data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 199902 Ending_Date: 199904 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time lidar data were collected Source_Citation_Abbreviation: lidar Source_Contribution: Lidar bathymetry data were used to help geometrically control the aerial photography and to create shaded-relief images Process_Step: Process_Description: Digital-image mosaics were generated by first scanning 1:10K aerial photographs at 1 foot-per-pixel (0.3048 meter-per-pixel) resolution. The individually scanned digital images were tone- and color-matched and then combined together using spatial matching. Separately, black and white digital raster graphics (DRGs) of the same areas were then combined with shaded-relief images generated from lidar bathymetry data. The resulting black and white shaded-relief images covering both near-shore coastal waters and on-land areas became the geometric 'masters' for the mosaics generated from the aerial photographs. The aerial-photograph mosaics were geometrically corrected to overlay the master data set by using hundreds of image-to-image geometric control points and 'slaving' the mosaic onto the DRG-lidar master. The digital image mosaics were merged together and resampled to 1-meter resolution, and lidar bathymetry data were then used to create a version of the image showing shaded-relief. The depth at which bottom features can be seen with the digitized aerial photographs alone is approximately 27 m (55 ft), but can reach 36 m (120 ft) when combined with the lidar bathymetry data. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: all sources cited were used Process_Date: 2007 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Western Geographic Science Center Contact_Person: Miguel G. Velasco Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2255 N. Gemini Drive City: Flagstaff State_or_Province: AZ Postal_Code: 86001 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 928-556-7224 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mvelasco@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20201019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Performed minor edits to the metadata to correct typos. No data were changed Process_Date: 20211013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Cloud_Cover: 0 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 4 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -153 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 0 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Coordinate Pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.0 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.0 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: These digital image mosaics are available in JPEG 2000 format (.jp2), along with a lower-resolution 'browse' image and associated metadata. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: JPEG Format_Version_Number: USGS Mini Image Processing System (MIPS) Format_Specification: JPEG 2000 raster Format_Information_Content: jp2 images, browse graphics, and metadata files. File_Decompression_Technique: zip archive Transfer_Size: 1067 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57aa4296e4b05e859be091a5 Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the Internet Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: These data can be read by computers running Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX operating systems, all equipped with a color monitor. A PC should have an Intel® Pentium® processor or faster, Microsoft® Windows 98 or newer, and 64 MB of RAM or greater. A Macintosh should have a PowerPC® processor or faster, Mac OS software version 8.6 or newer, and 64 MB of RAM or greater. Almost any UNIX workstation can read these files. Optional software includes Geographic Information System (GIS) software, such as Esri ArcGIS®, or other image-processing software that will handle large files, such as ERDAS®, ENVI®, and Adobe Photoshop® or LizardTech® Express View. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: United States of America Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998