Isabelle M. Shapiro Kira Mizell James R. Hein Amy Gartman 20260122 comma-delimited text data release DOI: https://doi.org/10.5066/P13VZZEY Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P13VZZEY Isabelle M. Shapiro Kira Mizell James R. Hein Amy Gartman 2026 data release DOI:10.5066/P13VZZEY Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA U.S. Geological Survey Suggested Citation: Shapiro, I.M., Mizell, K., Hein, J.R., and Gartman, A., 2026, Geochemistry and x-ray diffraction data for hydrothermal manganese oxide rocks from the Samoa hotspot region in the South Pacific Ocean collected during research expedition KM0506: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P13VZZEY. https://doi.org/10.5066/P13VZZEY Hydrothermal manganese oxide rocks were collected via dredge from the Tulaga Seamount, the flank of Ofu Island, and from Soso seamount in the Samoa hotspot region offshore American Samoa during the KM0506 cruise aboard the R/V Kilo Moana in April of 2005. Rocks were subsampled at USGS and sent to SGS laboratories, Canada for major and trace element geochemistry. Major and trace element concentrations and thickness for the hydrothermal manganese oxides as well as location information (latitude, longitude, depth) for samples are provided here. This data release is comprised of legacy samples that have not been previously published. We acknowledge the National Science Foundation for funding cruise KM0506 during which these rocks were collected (Grant OCE-0351437). These data serve to expand the knowledge and statistics for deep ocean seabed mineral occurrences and their composition throughout the global ocean. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 20050404 20250215 Date that the samples were collected through last process step was completed Complete None planned -170.240 -169.434 -13.768 -14.392 ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans geoscientificInformation Data Categories for Marine Planning Nonliving Resources Material Resources Mineral Resources Physical/Chemical Features USGS Thesaurus dredge sampling chemical analysis mass spectroscopy geochemistry metallic mineral resources earth sciences marine geology Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords sediment geochemistry mineral resources chemical analysis marine geology None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Global Ocean Mineral Resources USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:680aadb9d4be0258eebab67a Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Pacific Ocean Territory of American Samoa Ofu Island No access constraints USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset and in products derived from these data. U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Science Data Coordinator mailing and physical

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Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-427-4747 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Mac OSX 11.6.1, Microsoft Excel 16.47.1 for Mac All geochemistry data were calibrated against certified reference materials by SGS Minerals Laboratory as part of their standard protocols. The instruments and techniques used to generate the geochemical data are included in the data table. Limits for each analyte's detection by an instrument are reported in the table. The value -8888 indicates that the measurement for an analyte was below the detection limit. Reproducibility as percent difference is better than 5 percent for most elements except Pr, Sm, Se, Hf, Pb, Ta, Te, Eu, 5 to 9 percent, Ba, Dy, Sn, 11 to 13 percent, Ho, Sc, U, Ag, 17 to 22 percent, Tm 25 percent, and Er 29 percent. Values of -9999 for concentration attributes indicate that no analysis was performed. Values of Nan for Sample Depth interval attributes indicate that this measurement is not applicable for the given sample. No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the dataset has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy was determined with the ship's GPS navigation, which is accurate to less than 5 m. The singular value for water depth for each sample was calculated from shipboard dredge log records to account for ship-based depth soundings, the length of dredge wire out, movement by the ship, approximate seamount slope, and multiple bites of the dredge along each dredge track in order to maximize location accuracy. A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the dataset has not been conducted. SGS Minerals Laboratory, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada 2006 https://www.sgs.ca/en/mining/analytical-services/geochemistry geochemical analyses 20060415 20060728 Date range during which samples were analyzed and official lab reports were released by SGS Minerals Laboratory geochemistry Fe, Mn, Si, Al, Ca, Mg, K, Na, P, Mo, and Ti were determined by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) on borate fused disks; S, Ba, Cr, Cu, Li, Sr, and Zn were determined by four acid digestion combined ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy); Ag, As, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cs, Ge, Hf, In, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sn, Ta, Th, Tl, U, V, W, and Zr were determined by four acid digestion combined ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry); H2OM percent moisture was determined by gravimetric analysis; Cl was determined by ion selective electrode; Hg was determined by Cold-Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Se and Te were determined by Hydride generation followed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS); Rare Earth Elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) were determined by lithium metaborate fusion followed by ICP-MS. Rock samples were collected via dredge on R/V Kilo Moana from Samoa hotspot region and shipped to USGS scientists by mail after returning to shore. 20050405 At the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Marine Minerals Lab, bulk portions, individual layers, or other parts of rock sample were subsampled using a ceramic knife and then ground using an agate mortar and pestle to approximately 75 micrometer fineness. Powdered samples were then sent by USGS to commercial analytical labs, SGS Mineral Laboratory. See Source Citations for information on geochemical techniques. 20060201 Results from the SGS Mineral Laboratory analyses, detection limits, analytical method information, location data, and sample information were combined into a comma-delimited text values document. geochemistry 20250215 Point Point 24 0.001 0.001 Decimal degrees D_WGS_1984 WGS_1984 6378137.0 298.257222101 KM0506_hydrothermal_Mn_geochem_data.csv Comma-delimited file containing results from geochemical analyses of hydrothermal manganese oxide rocks and the latitude, longitude, and water depth of each sample location. Producer defined Cruise_ID Lists the alphanumeric cruise identifier for the expedition during which the sample was collected Producer defined KM0506 Sample_ID The sample and dredge ID for each sample Producer defined Unique sample names include a dredge number, followed by a dash, followed by the rock number and subsample letter. Sample_Type The type of each sample Producer defined layer this material from a single layer of a rock sample producer defined scrape sample was collected by scraping manganese coating from various sections of a rock producer defined crust a section of manganese oxide crust growing on a substrate rock producer defined. veins a subsample of vein material within a rock sample producer defined. Sample_depth_interval_mm The depth interval, measured in millimeters from the top of the stratigraphic section, that encompasses each rock layer sample. Producer defined Sample and layer subsample intervals are listed as ranges of integer values that represent the depth in millimeters below the surface of the crust. Samples with Nan listed do not have a morphology that allows for an interval to be measured and defined. Latitude Latitude at which sample was collected producer defined -14.392 -13.768 decimal degrees 0.001 Longitude Longitude at which sample was collected producer defined -170.240 -169.434 decimal degrees 0.001 Water_Depth_m Water depth in meters at which the sample was collected producer defined 1588 2695 meters 1 Fe_ppm Iron concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 1400 243600 parts per million 100 Mn_ppm Manganese concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 40100 541000 parts per million 100 Si_ppm Silicon concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 1000 178900 parts per million 100 Al_ppm Aluminum concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 1600 49000 parts per million 100 Mg_ppm Magnesium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 19900 83600 parts per million 100 Ca_ppm Calcium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 6400 83300 parts per million 100 Na_ppm Sodium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 10600 31900 parts per million 100 K_ppm Potassium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 1800 30300 parts per million 100 Ti_ppm Titanium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 200 17300 parts per million 100 P_ppm Phosphorus concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 200 6900 parts per million 100 S_ppm Sulfur concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 400 2700 parts per million 100 H2OM_ppm Quantity of H2O-, or sorbed water, in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 26000 173000 parts per million 100 Ag_ppm Silver concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.03 0.54 parts per million 0.01 As_ppm Arsenic concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 4 238 parts per million 1 Ba_ppm Barium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 212 2833 parts per million 1 Be_ppm Berrylium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.1 3.7 parts per million 0.1 Bi_ppm Bismuth concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.05 8.88 parts per million 0.01 Cd_ppm Cadmium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 5.5 69.4 parts per million 0.1 Cl_ppm Chlorine concentration in each sample. Values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. standard reporting value in geochemistry 2900 24100 parts per million 100 Co_ppm Cobalt concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.3 2297.5 parts per million 0.1 Cr_ppm Chromium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 5 520 parts per million 1 Cs_ppm Caesium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit. standard reporting value in geochemistry -8888 -8888 parts per million 0.1 Cu_ppm Copper concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 56.4 1640.8 parts per million 0.1 Ge_ppm Germanium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.1 1.1 parts per million 0.1 Hf_ppm Hafnium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.04 5.20 parts per million 0.01 Hg_ppm Mercury concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.010 0.187 parts per million 0.001 In_ppm Indium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.07 0.23 parts per million 0.01 Li_ppm Lithium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 143 1712 parts per million 1 Mo_ppm Molybdenum concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 48 634 parts per million 1 Nb_ppm Niobium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.3 43.0 parts per million 0.1 Ni_ppm Nickel concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 74.7 6408.0 parts per million 0.1 Pb_ppm Lead concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.5 900.8 parts per million 0.1 Rb_ppm Rubidium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 3.7 82.0 parts per million 0.1 Sb_ppm Antimony concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 3.0 127.0 parts per million 0.1 Sc_ppm Scandium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.6 21.0 parts per million 0.1 Se_ppm Selenium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit, and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.20 1.10 parts per million 0.01 Sn_ppm Tin concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.3 32.0 parts per million 0.1 Sr_ppm Strontium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 206 1403 parts per million 1 Ta_ppm Tantalum concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit and values of -9999 indicate that no analysis was performed. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.07 2.39 parts per million 0.01 Te_ppm Tellurium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.06 18.00 parts per million 0.01 Th_ppm Thorium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.1 11.1 parts per million 0.1 Tl_ppm Thallium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 3.8 286.0 parts per million 0.1 U_ppm Uranium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.8 78.3 parts per million 0.1 V_ppm Vanadium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 86 666 parts per million 1 W_ppm Tungsten concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 10 797 parts per million 1 Zn_ppm Zinc concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 101 2195 parts per million 1 Zr_ppm Zirconium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 9.1 225.0 parts per million 0.1 La_ppm Lanthanum concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 1.6 239.4 parts per million 0.1 Ce_ppm Cerium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.3 524.8 parts per million 0.1 Pr_ppm Praseodymium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.20 46.55 parts per million 0.01 Nd_ppm Neodyium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.7 194.7 parts per million 0.1 Sm_ppm Samarium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.1 37.8 parts per million 0.1 Eu_ppm Europium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.07 9.95 parts per million 0.01 Gd_ppm Gadolinium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.13 46.92 parts per million 0.01 Tb_ppm Terbium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.08 7.10 parts per million 0.01 Dy_ppm Dysprosium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.18 41.48 parts per million 0.01 Y_ppm Yttrium content in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 4.3 188.6 parts per million 0.1 Ho_ppm Holmium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.06 8.71 parts per million 0.01 Er_ppm Erbium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.26 24.55 parts per million 0.01 Tm_ppm Thulium concentration in each sample. Values of -8888 indicate that the measurement was below the detection limit. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.07 3.57 parts per million 0.01 Yb_ppm Ytterbium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.3 22.1 parts per million 0.1 Lu_ppm Lutetium concentration in each sample. standard reporting value in geochemistry 0.05 3.51 parts per million 0.01 Fe_Detection_ppm The detection limit for iron concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Mn_Detection_ppm The detection limit for manganese concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Si_Detection_ppm The detection limit for silicon concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Al_Detection_ppm The detection limit for aluminum concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Mg_Detection_ppm The detection limit for magnesium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Ca_Detection_ppm The detection limit for calcium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Na_Detection_ppm The detection limit for sodium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million K_Detection_ppm The detection limit for potassium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Ti_Detection_ppm The detection limit for titanium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million P_Detection_ppm The detection limit for phosphorus concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million S_Detection_ppm The detection limit for sulfur concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million H2OM_Detection_ppm The detection limit for H2O-, or sorbed water, concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Ag_Detection_ppm The detection limit for silver concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million As_Detection_ppm The detection limit for arsenic concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Ba_Detection_ppm The detection limit for barium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Be_Detection_ppm The detection limit for beryllium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Bi_Detection_ppm The detection limit for bismuth concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Cd_Detection_ppm The detection limit for cadmium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Cl_Detection_ppm The detection limit for chlorine concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Co_Detection_ppm The detection limit for cobalt concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Cr_Detection_ppm The detection limit for chromium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Cs_Detection_ppm The detection limit for cesium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Cu_Detection_ppm The detection limit for copper concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Ge_Detection_ppm The detection limit for germanium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Hf_Detection_ppm The detection limit for hafnium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Hg_Detection_ppm The detection limit for mercury concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million In_Detection_ppm The detection limit for indium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Li_Detection_ppm The detection limit for lithium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Mo_Detection_ppm The detection limit for molybdenum concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Nb_Detection_ppm The detection limit for niobium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Ni_Detection_ppm The detection limit for nickel concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Pb_Detection_ppm The detection limit for lead concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Rb_Detection_ppm The detection limit for rubidium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Sb_Detection_ppm The detection limit for antimony concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Sc_Detection_ppm The detection limit for scandium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Se_Detection_ppm The detection limit for selenium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Sn_Detection_ppm The detection limit for tin concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Sr_Detection_ppm The detection limit for strontium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Ta_Detection_ppm The detection limit for tantalum concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Te_Detection_ppm The detection limit for tellurium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Th_Detection_ppm The detection limit for thorium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Tl_Detection_ppm The detection limit for thallium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million U_Detection_ppm The detection limit for uranium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million V_Detection_ppm The detection limit for vanadium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million W_Detection_ppm The detection limit for tungsten concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Zn_Detection_ppm The detection limit for zinc concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Zr_Detection_ppm The detection limit for zirconium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million La_Detection_ppm The detection limit for lanthanum concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Ce_Detection_ppm The detection limit for cerium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Pr_Detection_ppm The detection limit for praseodymium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Nd_Detection_ppm The detection limit for neodymium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Sm_Detection_ppm The detection limit for samarium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Eu_Detection_ppm The detection limit for europium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Gd_Detection_ppm The detection limit for gadolinium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Tb_Detection_ppm The detection limit for terbium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Dy_Detection_ppm The detection limit for dysprosium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Y_Detection_ppm The detection limit for yttrium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Ho_Detection_ppm The detection limit for holmium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Er_Detection_ppm The detection limit for erbium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Tm_Detection_ppm The detection limit for thulium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Yb_Detection_ppm The detection limit for ytterbium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Lu_Detection_ppm The detection limit for lutetium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined Numerical value provided by the analyzer in parts per million Fe_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure iron concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Mn_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure manganese concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Si_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure silicon concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Al_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure aluminum concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Mg_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure magnesium concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Ca_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure calcium concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Na_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure sodium concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined K_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure potassium concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Ti_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure titanium concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined P_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure phosphorus concentration. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined S_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure sulfur concentration. Producer defined ICP_OES_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined H2OM_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure H2O-, or sorbed water, concentration. Producer defined GRAV Percent moisture determined by gravimetric analysis by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Ag_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure silver concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined As_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure aresenic concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Ba_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure barium concentration. Producer defined ICP_OES_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Be_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure beryllium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Bi_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure bismuth concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Cd_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure cadmium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Cl_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure chlorine concentration. Producer defined ISE Ion selective electrode by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Co_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure cobalt concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Cr_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure chromium concentration. Producer defined ICP_OES_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Cs_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure caesium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Cu_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure copper concentration. Producer defined ICP_OES_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Ge_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure germanium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Hf_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure hafnium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Hg_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure mercury concentration. Producer defined CVAAS Cold-Vapour Atomic Absorption Spectrometry by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined In_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure indium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Li_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure lithium concentration based on the measurement method and instrumentation. Producer defined ICP_OES_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Mo_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure molybdenum concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. Producer defined XRF_BF Lithium Borate Fusion XRF by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Nb_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure niobium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Ni_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure nickel concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Pb_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure lead concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Rb_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure rubidium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Sb_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure antimony concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Sc_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure scandium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Se_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure selenium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. Producer defined AAS_hydride_generation Hydride generation followed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Sn_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure tin concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Sr_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure strontium concentration. Producer defined ICP_OES_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Ta_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure tantalum concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Te_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure tellurium concentration. Producer defined AAS_hydride_generation Hydride generation followed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Th_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure thorium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Tl_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure thallium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined U_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure uranium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined V_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure vanadium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined W_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure tungsten concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Zn_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure zinc concentration. Producer defined ICP_OES_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Zr_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure zirconium concentration. NaN indicates that method information was not available. Producer defined ICP_MS_4ACID Four acid digestion by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined La_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure lanthanum concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Ce_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure cerium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Pr_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure praseodymium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Nd_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure neodymium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Sm_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure samarium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Eu_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure europium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Gd_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure gadolinium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Tb_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure terbium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Dy_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure dysprosium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Y_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure yttrium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Ho_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure holmium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Er_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure erbium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Tm_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure thulium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Yb_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure ytterbium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined Lu_method An alphanumeric code that denotes the method and instrumentation used to measure lutetium concentration. Producer defined ICP_MS_HNO3_LiMB Lithium metaborate fusion followed by nitric acid digestion and ICP-MS by SGS Minerals analytical labs producer defined The first line of the csv file is a header line. U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Science Data Coordinator mailing and physical

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-427-4747 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov These data are available in .csv format contained in a single file. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. comma-delimited text Microsoft Excel 16.16.17 for Mac File contains table in .csv format No compression applied 0.09239 https://doi.org/10.5066/P13VZZEY Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name link and selecting the specific Child Items title page. None. These data can be viewed with Microsoft Excel or any text reader. 20260122 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Science Data Coordinator mailing and physical

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-427-4747 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998