Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Joshua B. Logan Originator: Amy E. East Publication_Date: 20241219 Title: Ground control point locations and topographic GNSS measurements collected during the UAS survey of the debris flow at South Fork Campground, Sequoia National Park, CA Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: CSV Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P144KDGN Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P144KDGN Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6735365ad34e6fbce7b5d592 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Joshua B. Logan Originator: Amy E. East Publication_Date: 2024 Title: Aerial imagery and structure-from-motion derived data products from a UAS survey of the debris flow at South Fork Campground, Sequoia National Park, CA Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P144KDGN Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested Citation: Logan, J.B., East A.E., 2024, Aerial imagery and structure-from-motion derived data products from a UAS survey of the debris flow at South Fork Campground, Sequoia National Park, CA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P144KDGN. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P144KDGN Description: Abstract: This portion of the data release presents topographic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements acquired during the UAS survey of the debris flow at South Fork Campground in Sequoia National Park. The data contain the locations of the temporary ground control points (GCPs) used for the structure-from-motion (SfM) processing, as well as topographic measurements collected using a backpack-mounted GNSS rover. For the GCPs, 23 temporary points consisting of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and "X" marks placed on the ground using temporary chalk were distributed throughout the survey area. For each GCP measurement the GPS receiver was placed on a fixed-height tripod and set to occupy the GCP for a minimum occupation time of one minute. For the topographic data acquisition, a GNSS rover was mounted to a backpack and used to collect continuous 1-second data on bare-ground surfaces of the debris flow site that were accessible on foot. The GNSS measurements were made using a real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS, with corrections from a GPS base station located on a temporary benchmark ("SFKW") established on the foot of the debris flow. The approximate base station position was initially derived using an autonomous position. The final coordinates for SFKW were derived using a seven-hour static occupation, submitted to the National Geodetic Survey Online User Positioning Service (OPUS-S). The resulting OPUS solution conforms to the quality standards for a USGS Level II single-base survey. After the survey was completed, the RTK data were adjusted using the final SFKW position using the Trimble Business Center software package. The GNSS data are presented in a comma-delimited text file. Purpose: These data are intended to be used to support a geohazards assessment for the South Fork Campground area of Sequoia National Park affected by debris flows in January 2023. Topographic and image data can be viewed using geographic information systems (GIS) software packages. Supplemental_Information: Additional information about the field activities from which these data were derived is available online at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2024-629-FA Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20240430 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20240501 Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -118.76724 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -118.75407 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.35335 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.33801 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: topography Theme_Keyword: topographic maps Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: geomorphology Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: image mosaics Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: landslides Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: photography Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: aerial and satellite photography Theme_Keyword: altimetry Theme_Keyword: orthophotography Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CHMRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: UAS Theme_Keyword: uncrewed aerial system Theme_Keyword: Structure-from-motion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:6735365ad34e6fbce7b5d592 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: State of California Place_Keyword: Sierra Nevada Place_Keyword: Tulare County Place_Keyword: South Fork Kaweah River Place_Keyword: Dennison Mountain Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Sequoia National Park Place_Keyword: Sequoia National Forest Access_Constraints: No access constraints Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. This information is not intended for navigation purposes. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6735365ad34e6fbce7b5d592?name=SFKW_static_base.jpg&allowOpen=True Browse_Graphic_File_Description: GNSS base station occupying temporary benchmark SFKW. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 11 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Rydlund, P.H. Jr. Originator: Densmore, B.K. Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Geospatial Methods of Practice and Guidelines for Using Survey-Grade Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to Establish Vertical Datum in the United States Geological Survey. Other_Citation_Details: Techniques and Methods 11-D1, Chapter 1 of Section D, Field Survey Methods Book 11, Collection and Delineation of Spatial Data. Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11d1/tm11-D1.pdf Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The estimated horizontal accuracy of these points ranges from 0.026 meters to 0.735 meters. These values are derived by summing the horizonal precision for each point (calculated at the 95 percent confidence level by the post-processing software and reported in the "horiz_precision_" field of the data file), and the horizontal accuracy of the NGS OPUS-derived position of the GNSS base station operating on temporary benchmark “SFKW” at the 95 percent confidence level (0.026 meters) in quadrature. The mean estimated horizontal accuracy for all of the points is 0.046 meters. The mean estimated horizontal accuracy for the GCP measurements only is 0.027 meters. The mean estimated horizontal accuracy for the backpack-GPS topographic measurements only is 0.047 meters. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The estimated vertical accuracy of these points ranges from 0.069 meters to 1.198 meters. These values are derived by summing the vertical precision for each point (calculated at the 95 percent confidence level by the post-processing software, and reported in the "vertical_precision_m" field of the data file), and the vertical accuracy of the NGS OPUS-derived position of the GNSS base station operating on temporary benchmark “SFKW” at the 95 percent confidence level (0.069 meters, of which the geoid error (GEOID18) accounts for 0.058 meters) in quadrature. The mean estimated vertical accuracy for all of the points is 0.107 meters. The mean estimated vertical accuracy for the GCP measurements only is 0.071 meters. The mean estimated vertical accuracy for the backpack-GPS topographic measurements only is 0.108 meters. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: GNSS measurements were made using a Trimble R10-2 rover operating in real-time kinematic mode. Base station corrections were broadcast from a separate Trimble R10-2 occupying a temporary benchmark ("SFKW") established for this project. The approximate base station position was initially derived during the survey using a 180-second autonomous occupation on SFKW. Ground control points (GCPs) consisting of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and temporary "X" marks made with chalk were placed on the bare ground surface throughout the survey area before the UAS flights. For each GCP measurement the GNSS receiver was placed on a fixed-height tripod and set to occupy the GCP position for a minimum occupation time of one minute. For the topographic data acquisition, a GNSS rover was mounted to a backpack and used to collect continuous 1-second data on bare-ground surfaces of the debris flow site that were accessible on foot. The final coordinates for SFKW were derived using a seven-hour static occupation, submitted to the National Geodetic Survey Online User Positioning Service (OPUS-S). The resulting OPUS solution comforms to the quality standards for a USGS Level II single-base survey according to USGS Techniques and Methods 11-D1. After the survey was completed, the RTK data were adjusted using the final SFKW position using the Trimble Business Center software package. The GNSS data were exported to a comma-delimited text file. Process_Date: 2024 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Joshua Logan Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7519 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jlogan@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 68 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 11 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.03 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.03 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: NAD83 (National Spatial Reference System 2011) (EPSG:1116) Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980 (EPSG:7019) Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (EPSG:5703), derived using GEOID18 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition: Table containing attribute information associated with the dataset Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: pid Attribute_Definition: Point ID Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: A unique identification code for the point. Attribute: Attribute_Label: northing_m Attribute_Definition: Northing coordinate of data point relative to the North American Datum of 1983, projected in the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system, zone 11 north, in units of meters (EPSG:6340) Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4023370.036 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4024291.168 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: easting_m Attribute_Definition: Easting coordinate of data point relative to the North American Datum of 1983, projected in the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system, zone 11 north, in units of meters (EPSG:6340) Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 341614.716 Range_Domain_Maximum: 342307.426 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: orthometric_ht_m Attribute_Definition: Orthometric height of data point in meters relative to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (EPSG:5703), derived using the National Geodetic Survey GEOID18. Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1101.500 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1266.358 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: code Attribute_Definition: code used to describe survey features Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: BASE Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: base station Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: AT Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: GCP tarp Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: CHLK Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: GCP chalk mark Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: TOPO Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: topographic point from GNSS-backpack survey Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: latitude Attribute_Definition: Latitude in decimal degrees, relative to the North American Datum of 1983(2011) (EPSG:6319). Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 36.34249065 Range_Domain_Maximum: 36.35067736 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: longitude Attribute_Definition: Longitude in decimal degrees, relative to the North American Datum of 1983(2011) (EPSG:6319). Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -118.76510879 Range_Domain_Maximum: -118.75720567 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: ellipsoid_ht_m Attribute_Definition: Ellipsoid height in meters, referenced to the GRS 1980 ellipsoid (EPSG:7019). Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1073.177 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1238.100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: observation_time_utc Attribute_Definition: Date and time of measurement in coordinated UTC time. Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2024-04-30 15:57:34 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2024-05-01 19:08:37 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: horiz_precision_m Attribute_Definition: Horizontal precision of GNSS rover measurement, calculated by Trimble Business Center software at the 95 percent confidence level, in units of meters Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.004 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.735 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: vertical_precision_m Attribute_Definition: Vertical precision of GNSS rover measurement, calculated by Trimble Business Center software at the 95 percent confidence level, in units of meters Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.009 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.196 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: The GNSS data are available in a comma-delimited text format. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: comma-delimited text Format_Information_Content: The csv file contains coordinates of ground control point locations. File_Decompression_Technique: No compression applied Transfer_Size: 0.172 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6735365ad34e6fbce7b5d592?name=SEKI_SouthFork_DebrisFlow_2024_RTK_GNSS.csv Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6735365ad34e6fbce7b5d592 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P144KDGN Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link is a direct link to the comma-delimited text file. The second link points to a landing page with the comma-delimited text file, metadata, and a browse image. The third link points to the landing page for the entire data release, including links to pages of the various data files. Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: The downloadable data file is available in comma-separated values (CSV) spreadsheet format. Text editing software can be used to open the file, as well as spreadsheet programs, such as Microsoft Excel. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20241219 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998