Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Anna I. Hamilton Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Li H. Erikson Originator: Anita C. Engelstad Publication_Date: 20210812 Title: Historical shoreline vectors for barrier islands and spits along the north coast of Alaska between Cape Beaufort and the U.S.-Canadian border, 1947 to 2019 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Polyline) Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P90EQ1H7 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5f8f1acc82ce06b040efc8fc Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P90EQ1H7 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Anna I. Hamilton Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Li H. Erikson Originator: Anita C. Engelstad Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Historical shorelines and morphological metrics for barrier islands and spits along the north coast of Alaska between Cape Beaufort and the U.S.-Canadian border, 1947 to 2019 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P90EQ1H7 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P90EQ1H7 Description: Abstract: A suite of morphological metrics were derived from existing shoreline and elevation datasets for barrier islands and spits located along the north-slope coast of Alaska between Cape Beaufort and the U.S.-Canadian border. This dataset includes shoreline vectors, including data source and acquisition date, from five time periods: 1950s, 1980s, 2000s, 2010s, and 2020s. The shoreline vectors were combined to produce polygons upon which the metrics were calculated. Purpose: These data accompany Hamilton and others (2021), a U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report summarizing historical morphological change to barrier islands and spits located along the north-slope coast of Alaska between Cape Beaufort and the U.S.-Canadian border. The purpose of the study is to improve upon the understanding of barrier formation, evolution, and stability in a permafrost setting. The results can be used to advance an understanding of barrier island dynamics and better predict future barrier evolution and prevalence along Alaska’s coast. Supplemental_Information: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in Esri format, this metadata file may include some Esri-specific terminology. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19470701 Ending_Date: 20190620 Currentness_Reference: dates of source data used Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -164.08213763 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -140.488285159 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 71.377564641 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 69.080489199 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Physical habitats and geomorphology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: barrier island migration Theme_Keyword: barrier island Theme_Keyword: permafrost Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: barrier spit Theme_Keyword: shoreline change Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5f8f1acc82ce06b040efc8fc Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: State of Alaska Place_Keyword: North Slope Place_Keyword: Chukchi Sea Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Arctic Place_Keyword: Beaufort Sea Place_Keyword: North Slope coast Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft [Unknown] Version 6.2 (Build 9200); Esri ArcGIS 10.7.1 (Build 11595) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Bruce M. Richmond Publication_Date: 2015 Title: National assessment of shoreline change--Historical shoreline change along the north coast of Alaska, U.S.-Canadian border to Icy Cape Other_Citation_Details: Gibbs, A.E., and Richmond, B.M., 2015, National assessment of shoreline change--Historical shoreline change along the north coast of Alaska, U.S.-Canadian border to Icy Cape: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1048, 96 p. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151048 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Bruce M. Richmond Publication_Date: 2017 Title: National assessment of shoreline change--Summary statistics for updated vector shorelines and associated shoreline change data for the north coast of Alaska, U.S.-Canadian border to Icy Cape Other_Citation_Details: Gibbs, A.E., and Richmond, B.M., 2017, National assessment of shoreline change--Summary statistics for updated vector shorelines and associated shoreline change data for the north coast of Alaska, U.S.-Canadian border to Icy Cape: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1107, 21 p. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171107 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Alexander G. Snyder Originator: Bruce M. Richmond Publication_Date: 2019 Title: National assessment of shoreline change--Historical shoreline change along the north coast of Alaska, Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales Other_Citation_Details: Gibbs, A.E., Snyder, A.G., and Richmond, B.M., 2019, National assessment of shoreline change--Historical shoreline change along the north coast of Alaska, Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019-1146, 52 p. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191146 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Anna I. Hamilton Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Li H. Erikson Originator: Anita C. Engelstad Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Assessment of barrier island morphological change in northern Alaska Other_Citation_Details: Hamilton, A.I., Gibbs, A.E., Erikson, L.H., and Engelstad, A.C., 2021, Assessment of barrier island morphological change in northern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021-1074. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211074 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The attributes in this dataset record positional and measurement uncertainties calculated during the process of extracting a land/water interface shoreline from the data as described in the process steps. Logical_Consistency_Report: Adjacent shoreline segments do not overlap and are not necessarily continuous. Shorelines were quality checked for accuracy. Any slight offsets between adjacent segments due to georeferencing and digitizing error are accounted for in the uncertainty calculations included in Gibbs and others (2015), Gibbs and others (2017), and Gibbs and others (2019). Completeness_Report: This shoreline file is complete and contains all shoreline segments used to calculate morphological metrics along sections of the specified Alaska coastal region where shoreline position data were available. These data adequately represented the shoreline position at the time of the survey. Remaining gaps in these data are a consequence of nonexisting data or existing data that did not meet quality assurance standards. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy of shorelines compiled from 1947 to 2019 data varies with respect to the data source from which the shorelines were digitized and the time period. Please visit the 'Estimation of Shoreline Position Uncertainty' section in Gibbs and Richmond (2015), Gibbs and Richmond (2017) and Gibbs and others (2019) for a complete explanation of the measurement uncertainties associated with these shorelines. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set is not applicable. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Alexander G. Snyder Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Publication_Date: 20191227 Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change: A GIS compilation of vector shorelines and associated shoreline change data for the north coast of Alaska, Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9H1S1PV Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19480701 Ending_Date: 20160903 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Snyder and Gibbs (2019) Source_Contribution: Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Karin A. Ohman Originator: Ryan Coppersmith Originator: Bruce M. Richmond Publication_Date: 20170918 Title: A GIS compilation of updated vector shorelines and associated shoreline change data for the north coast of Alaska, U.S. Canadian Border to Icy Cape Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F72Z13N1 Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19470701 Ending_Date: 20120813 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Gibbs and others (2017) Source_Contribution: Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Publication_Date: 20110809 Title: NOAA Continually Updated Shoreline Product (CUSP) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, Maryland Publisher: NOAA's Ocean Service, National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Online_Linkage: http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/NSDE/ Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20160513 Ending_Date: 20190620 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA CUSP (2020) Source_Contribution: Source information used in support of the development of the data set. Process_Step: Process_Description: Shoreline vectors for barriers and spits were from Gibbs and others (2017), Snyder and Gibbs, (2019), and NOAA CUSP (2020) and merged into a single shapefile. Spits and barrier beaches were closed at the transition point to the mainland. An Era attribute was assigned based on the time period and source of the original data. The barriers were subdivided into forty-two barrier chains based on location and continuity. Each barrier was assigned a unique Barrier_ID within each Era. Additional information about the shoreline data set can be found in Hamilton and others, 2021. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Gibbs and others (2017) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Snyder and Gibbs (2019) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA CUSP (2020) Process_Date: 2020 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1645 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: NAD 1983 2011 Alaska Albers (ESRI Full Name: NAD_1983_2011_Alaska_Albers) Albers_Conical_Equal_Area: Standard_Parallel: 55.0 Standard_Parallel: 65.0 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -154.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 50.0 False_Easting: 0.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: Meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_NAD_1983_2011 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition: Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: AcqDate Attribute_Definition: Acquisition data of shoreline data source in format MM/DD/YYYY Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 07/01/1949 Range_Domain_Maximum: 06/20/2019 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: day Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Uncy Attribute_Definition: Uncertainty of shoreline position, in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 30 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meter Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Year Attribute_Definition: Shoreline year Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1947 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2019 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: year Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Era Attribute_Definition: Analysis era Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1950s Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Shoreline year 1947 or 1949 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1980s Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Shoreline year 1978 to 1987 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2000s Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Shoreline year 1997 to 2007 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2010s Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Shoreline year 2009 to 2016 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2020s Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Shoreline year 2016 to 2019 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: Source Attribute_Definition: Source of shoreline data Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Gibbs and others (2017) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Gibbs, A.E., Ohman, K.A., Coppersmith, R., and Richmond, B.M., 2017, A GIS compilation of updated vector shorelines and associated shoreline change data for the north coast of Alaska, U.S. Canadian Border to Icy Cape, U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F72Z13N1 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Snyder and Gibbs (2019) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Snyder, A.G., and Gibbs, A.E., 2019, National assessment of shoreline change: A GIS compilation of updated vector shorelines and associated shoreline change data for the north coast of Alaska, Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9H1S1PV Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: NOAA CUSP (2020) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: NOAA Continuously Updated Shoreline Product; http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/NSDE/ Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: Barrier_ID Attribute_Definition: Identification number of a single barrier island - randomly assigned Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 189 Attribute: Attribute_Label: BIChain_ID Attribute_Definition: Barrier chain identification number Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 42 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Length Attribute_Definition: Length of shoreline segment, in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 16.568748826 Range_Domain_Maximum: 43114.1572736 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meter Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0000000001 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the data set. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data set. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: These data are available in shapefile format contained in a single zip file, which also includes CSDGM FGDC-compliant metadata. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Shapefile Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS Desktop 10.7 Format_Specification: Esri polyline shapefile Format_Information_Content: Zip file contains digitized shoreline position representing the land/water interface of barrier islands and spits on the northern coast of Alaska. File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip or equivalent. Transfer_Size: 3.6 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5f8f1acc82ce06b040efc8fc Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5f8f1acc82ce06b040efc8fc Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P90EQ1H7 Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link is a direct link to download the zipped file of data and metadata. The second link points to a landing page for the historical shoreline data and metadata. The third link points to the landing page for the entire data release. Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: This zip file contains data available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) polyline shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from Esri at www.esri.com. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210812 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998