Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: James B. Shope Originator: Li H. Erikson Originator: Patrick L. Barnard Originator: Curt D. Storlazzi Originator: Matthew W. Hardy Originator: Kara S. Doran Publication_Date: 20210525 Title: Modeled extreme total water levels along the U.S. west coast Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-separated text files Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P95FBGZ1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P95FBGZ1 Description: Abstract: This dataset contains information on the probabilities of storm-induced erosion (collision, inundation and overwash) for each 100-meter (m) section of the United States Pacific coast for return period storm scenarios. The analysis is based on a storm-impact scaling model that uses observations of beach morphology combined with sophisticated hydrodynamic models to predict how the coast will respond to the hydrodynamic forcing. Storm-induced water levels, due to both surge and waves, are compared to coastal elevations to determine the probabilities of three types of coastal change: collision (dune erosion), overwash, and inundation. Data on morphology (dune crest and toe elevation) and hydrodynamics (storm surge, wave setup and runup) are also included in this dataset. As new beach morphology observations and storm predictions become available, this analysis will be updated to describe how coastal vulnerability to storms will vary in the future. The data presented here include the dune morphology observations, as derived from lidar surveys. Purpose: To provide data on the probability of storm-induced coastal erosion hazards for the coasts of the United States. Supplemental_Information: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2021 Currentness_Reference: Publication year Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned, however future updates and post-storm analyses are anticipated. Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -124.733361 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.001251 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 48.391499 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 32.53431 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: environment Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry and Elevation Theme_Keyword: Predictions Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: floods Theme_Keyword: geomorphology Theme_Keyword: erosion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: flooding Theme_Keyword: coastal erosion Theme_Keyword: shoreline erosion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: coastal Theme_Keyword: inundation Theme_Keyword: overwash Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5ee17ff582ce3bd58d7be907 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Pacific Ocean Place_Keyword: State of California Place_Keyword: State of Oregon Place_Keyword: State of Washington Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: U.S. West Coast Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 ; MATLAB R2017a ; Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Shope, James B. Originator: Erikson, Li H. Originator: Barnard, Patrick L. Originator: Storlazzi, Curt D. Originator: Serafin, Katherine A. Originator: Doran, Kara J. Originator: Stockdon, Hilary F. Originator: Reguero, Borja G. Originator: Mendez, Fernando J. Originator: Castanedo, Sonia Originator: Cid, Alba Originator: Cagigal, Laura Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Characterizing storm-induced coastal change hazards along the U.S. west coast Other_Citation_Details: Shope, J.B., Erikson, L.H., Barnard, P.L., Storlazzi, C.D., Serafin, K.A., Doran, K.J., Stockdon, H.F., Reguero, B.G., Mendez, F.J., Castanedo, S., Cid, A., and Cagigal, L., XXXX, Characterizing storm-induced coastal change hazards along the U.S. west coast: Nature Scientific Data, https://doi.org/XXXXXXXXXXX Online_Linkage: https://XXXXXX Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Attribute values were computationally generated and accuracy of water levels, positions, storm-induced erosion probabilities were validated by statistical analyses to ensure that outliers were removed and that the values were consistent in their formulation across the study area. Wave input and downscaling data were compared against NDBC buoy measurements using statistic methods (such as Root Mean Squared Error measurements) to ensure accuracy. No other validation was possible at scale as this is a unique dataset in terms of scope and the produced values are difficult to measure in the field. Logical_Consistency_Report: No additional checks for consistency were performed on this data. Completeness_Report: This dataset includes coastal morphology and hydrodynamic data used to generate probabilities of storm-induced erosion, elevation data from lidar surveys are not included. Measurements were collected approximately every 100-meters (m). Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal accuracy was not estimated. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vertical accuracy for hydrodynamic measurements (surge, setup, and runup) is dependent on input data. No accuracy checks for these hydrodynamic measurements were performed. Vertical accuracy for dune morphology (dune crest and toe elevation) data is dependent on the positional accuracy of the lidar data. Estimated accuracy of lidar surveys are +/- 15 centimeters. However, vertical accuracies may vary based on the type of terrain (for example, inaccuracies may increase as slope increases or with the presence of extremely dense vegetation), the accuracy of the global positioning system (GPS) and aircraft-attitude measurements. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Oregon State Universitiy Publication_Date: 2002 Title: OSU TPXO Tide Model Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: netcdf Publication_Information: Publication_Place: online Publisher: Oregon State University Online_Linkage: https://www.tpxo.net/global Type_of_Source_Media: Computer program Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2019 Source_Currentness_Reference: The date when software was obtained. Source_Citation_Abbreviation: TPXO Source_Contribution: Model that was used to estimate still water level Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Delft University of Technology Publication_Date: 20110622 Title: Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: netcdf Publication_Information: Publication_Place: online Publisher: Delft University of Technology Online_Linkage: https://www.tudelft.nl/en/ceg/about-the-faculty/departments/hydraulic-engineering/sections/environmental-fluid-mechanics/research/swan/ Type_of_Source_Media: Computer program Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2019 Source_Currentness_Reference: The date when software was obtained. Source_Citation_Abbreviation: SWAN Source_Contribution: Model that was used to estimate wave setup and runup conditions for different storms. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Reguero, B. Originator: Menéndez, M. Originator: Méndez, F. Originator: Mínguez, R. Originator: Losada, I. Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Global Ocean Waves (GOW) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database Publication_Information: Publication_Place: online Publisher: Coastal Engineering Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378383912000452 Type_of_Source_Media: Computer program Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2019 Source_Currentness_Reference: The date when software was obtained. Source_Citation_Abbreviation: GOM Source_Contribution: Model that was used to estimate wave setup and runup conditions for different storm scenarios. The input wave conditions were numerically downscaled to the nearshore at each transect from the Global Ocean Waves (GOW) model. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Office for Coastal Management (OCM) Publication_Date: 20170412 Title: 2016 USGS West Coast El-Nino Lidar DEM (WA, OR, CA) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital elevation data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: online Publisher: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Online_Linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=6260 Type_of_Source_Media: Online digital data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160428 Source_Currentness_Reference: The date when lidar surveys were conducted. Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 2016 USGS Source_Contribution: A lidar survey that was used to estimate coastal morphology variables. Process_Step: Process_Description: For dune morphology data: Coastal morphology data were extracted from the elevation grid every 10m in MATLAB. Details of the extraction methods can be found in Shope and others, 2021 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 2016 USGS Process_Date: 2021 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Coastal morphology Process_Step: Process_Description: For hydrodynamic data: Water level was computed in MATLAB by adding still water level from TPXO to wave setup (SETUP) and runup (RUNUP). The wave height and period used for calculating wave runup and setup came from the SWAN model. Hydrodynamic parameters were calculated in MATLAB. For details on modeling parameterization, see Shope and others (2021). Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: TPXO Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: SWAN Process_Date: 2019 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Hydrodynamics Process_Step: Process_Description: Probabilities of coastal erosion hazards are based on estimating the likelihood that the beach system will experience erosion and deposition patterns consistent with collision, overwash, or inundation regimes. The regimes are calculated by using values of dune morphology and mean and extreme water levels for each 100 m section, such that probability of collision (PCOL) occurs when extreme water levels reach the dune toe; overwash (POVW) when extreme water levels reach the dune crest; and inundation (PIND) when mean water levels reach the dune crest. Probabilities were calculated in MATLAB and exported in ArcGIS format. For details on modeling parameterization, see Shope and others (2021). Data results are presented as comma-separated text (.txt) files; one per return period (RP) covering the entire study region. File names indicate the RP. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Dune morphology Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Hydrodynamics Process_Date: 2019 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 5388 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0197704367 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0239366981 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal Degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Data results are presented in 10 comma-separated text (.txt) files; one for each different return period (RP) covering the entire study region. File names indicate the RP. Entity_Type_Definition: Probabilities of storm-induced coastal erosion, morphology, and hydrodynamic data Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: StartLat Attribute_Definition: Latitude at start of transect Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 32.53431 Range_Domain_Maximum: 48.391621 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: StartLon Attribute_Definition: Longitude at start of transect Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -124.733361 Range_Domain_Maximum: -117.123903 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: EndLat Attribute_Definition: Latitude at end of transect Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 32.534382 Range_Domain_Maximum: 48.390948 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: EndLon Attribute_Definition: Longitude at end of transect Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -124.73169 Range_Domain_Maximum: -117.119992 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: TWL Attribute_Definition: Total Water Level Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.81 Range_Domain_Maximum: 18.79 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: TWLLat Attribute_Definition: Total Water Level latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 32.534319 Range_Domain_Maximum: 48.391621 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: TWLLon Attribute_Definition: Total Water Level longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -124.732919 Range_Domain_Maximum: -117.119992 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: DWL Attribute_Definition: Dynamic Water Level Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.81 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.69 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: DWLLat Attribute_Definition: Dynamic Water Level latitude Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 32.534319 Range_Domain_Maximum: 48.391621 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: DWLLon Attribute_Definition: Dynamic Water Level longitude Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -124.733038 Range_Domain_Maximum: -117.119992 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: zt Attribute_Definition: Elevation of the toe of the dune/cliff/other feature Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.03 Range_Domain_Maximum: 22.43 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: ztLat Attribute_Definition: Latitude of toe Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 32.534319 Range_Domain_Maximum: 48.391621 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: ztLon Attribute_Definition: Longitude of toe Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -124.73254 Range_Domain_Maximum: -117.123259 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: zc Attribute_Definition: Elevation of the crest of the dune/cliff/other feature Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.34 Range_Domain_Maximum: 214.8 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: zcLat Attribute_Definition: Latitude of the crest Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 32.534338 Range_Domain_Maximum: 48.391593 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: zcLon Attribute_Definition: Longitude of the crest Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -124.732242 Range_Domain_Maximum: -117.122757 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: MHW Attribute_Definition: Mean High Water elevation (shoreline) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.272608548 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.498635918 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: MHWLat Attribute_Definition: Latitude of Mean High Water elevation Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 32.53431 Range_Domain_Maximum: 48.391621 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: MHWLon Attribute_Definition: Longitude of Mean High Water elevation Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -124.733361 Range_Domain_Maximum: -117.123903 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Swash_Prob Attribute_Definition: Probability of swash regime Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: Collision_Prob Attribute_Definition: Probability of collision regime Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: OverWash_Prob Attribute_Definition: Probability of overwash regime Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: Innundation_Prob Attribute_Definition: Probability of innundation regime Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: DPY_Swash Attribute_Definition: days per year of swash Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 365.25 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: days per year Attribute: Attribute_Label: DPY_Collision Attribute_Definition: days per year of collision Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 365.25 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: days per year Attribute: Attribute_Label: DPY_OverWash Attribute_Definition: days per year of overwash Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 290.64 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: days per year Attribute: Attribute_Label: DPY_Innundation Attribute_Definition: days per year of innundation Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 365.25 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: days per year Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the text file is a header line. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: These data are available in txt format contained in a single zip file (RP_westcoast.zip), accompanied by CSDGM FGDC compliant metadata. Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: comma-delimited text Format_Version_Date: 2021 Format_Information_Content: 10 comma-separated text (.txt) files; one for each different return period (RP) covering the entire study region. File names indicate the RP. File_Decompression_Technique: The data download file is compressed and must be unzipped using software such as WinZip, 7zip, Peazip or pkUnzip before use. Transfer_Size: 16.5 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5ee17ff582ce3bd58d7be907 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P95FBGZ1 Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link is a direct link to download a zipped file of data and metadata. The second link points to the landing page for the entire data release. Fees: None, if obtained online. Technical_Prerequisites: These data can be viewed with any text-reading software. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210525 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998