Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Alexander G. Snyder Originator: Matt Nolan Publication_Date: 2019 Title: Digital surface models of the north coast of Barter Island, Alaska acquired on July 01 2014, September 07 2014, and July 05 2015 (GeoTIFF image) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: GeoTiff Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9964TKX Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: The first Online Linkage link is to the publication landing page. The second link is to the page containing the data. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9964TKX Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5bb6a1b3e4b0fc368e89475a Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Matt Nolan Originator: Alexander G. Snyder Publication_Date: 2019 Title: Orthophotomosaics, elevation point clouds, digital surface elevation models and supporting data from the north coast of Barter Island, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9964TKX Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Gibbs, A.E., Nolan, M., and Snyder, A.G., 2019, Orthophotomosaics, elevation point clouds, digital surface elevation models, and supporting data from the north coast of Barter Island, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9964TKX. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9964TKX Description: Abstract: Digital surface elevation models (DSMs) of the coastline of Barter Island, Alaska derived from aerial photographs collected on July 01 2014, September 07 2014, and July 05 2015. Aerial photographs and coincident elevation data were processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetric techniques. These files are single-band, 32-bit floating point DSMs (digital surface models) that represent surface elevations of buildings, vegetation, and uncovered ground surfaces in meters with 23 cm ground sample distance (GSD). The No Data value is set to -32767. The file employs Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) compression. Purpose: Orthophotomosaics and coincident elevation data were acquired for the purpose of evaluating coastal change along the coast of Barter Island, Alaska. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140701 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140907 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20150705 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -143.790570 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -143.546318 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.137845 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.115080 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5bb6a1b3e4b0fc368e89475a Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: Gridded Data Theme_Keyword: Airborne high-resolution data Theme_Keyword: Digital surface model Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: digital elevation models Theme_Keyword: topography Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Physical habitats and geomorphology Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry and elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: natural agents of coastal change Theme_Keyword: coastal erosion Theme_Keyword: permafrost Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Arctic Ocean Place_Keyword: Beaufort Sea Place_Keyword: State of Alaska Place_Keyword: Barter Island Place_Keyword: Kaktovik Place_Keyword: North Slope Place_Keyword: Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Place_Keyword: United States of America Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey and Fairbanks Fodar as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: Acknowledgment of the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program and Fairbanks Fodar as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.5 (Build 6491) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nolan, M. Originator: Larsen, C.F. Originator: Sturm, M. Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Mapping snow-depth from manned-aircraft on landscape scales at centimeter resolution using Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry Series_Information: Series_Name: The Cryosphere Issue_Identification: Vol. 9, pp. 1445-1463 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1445-2015 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Gibbs, A.E. Originator: Nolan, M. Originator: Richmond, B.R. Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Evaluating changes to arctic coastal bluffs using repeat aerial photography and structure-from-motion elevation models Series_Information: Series_Name: Proceedings from 2015 Coastal Sediments Conference Issue_Identification: CD-ROM; 14 pp Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814689977_0080. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) Publication_Date: 2015 Title: ASPRS Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data Series_Information: Series_Name: manual Issue_Identification: Edition 1, Version 1.0 Online_Linkage: doi: 10.14358/PERS.81.3.A1-A26 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Matt Nolan Originator: Bruce M. Richmond Originator: Alexander G. Snyder Originator: Li H. Erikson Publication_Date: 2019 Title: Assessing patterns of annual change to permafrost bluffs along the North Slope coast of Alaska using high-resolution imagery and elevation models Series_Information: Series_Name: Geomorphology Issue_Identification: TBD Online_Linkage: TBD Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Accuracies were evaluated using ground surface coordinates collected by USGS using precision GPS surveying techniques in 2014 and 2016. Horizontal accuracy of the DSMs was determined by the accuracy assessment of the orthoimagery used to derive them. Vertical accuracy was determined from comparison of elevations both at fixed, photo-identifiable points and walking survey transects. Values reported are the mean residual between surveyed ground measurements and image/DSM derived values. See Nolan and others (2015), Gibbs and others (2016), and Gibbs and others (2019), for comprehensive discussion of the accuracy, error analysis, and known anomalies. Logical_Consistency_Report: Data quality has been assessed relative to ground elevations collected in September of 2014 and 2016. Completeness_Report: This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal accuracy of the DSMs was determined by the accuracy assessment of the orthoimagery used to derive them. The horizontal radial root mean square error (RMSE; ASPRS, 2015) of the orthoimagery data sets are as follows: BTI_Ortho_20140701 = 19 cm, BTI_Ortho_20140907 = 11 cm, BTI_Ortho_20150705 = 8 cm. Horizontal error was found to be less than the resolution of the derived DSMs. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vertical accuracy of the DSMs was determined by the comparison between surveyed ground measurements collected at both fixed, photo-identifiable points and walking survey points. The vertical root mean square error (RMSE; ASPRS, 2015) of the DSM data sets based on 8 fixed points are as follows: BTI_DSM_20140701 = 11 cm, BTI_Ortho_20140907 = 9 cm, BTI_Ortho_20150705 = 11 cm. The vertical root mean square error (RMSE; ASPRS, 2015) of the DSM data sets based on all 11007 survey points are as follows: BTI_DSM_20140701 = 8 cm, BTI_DSM_20140907 = 12 cm, BTI_DSM_20150705 = 20 cm. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Digital surface models were created from elevation point cloud data in LAS format using the natural neighbor algorithm and half-meter point-thinning method in ArcMap. Where the range of point cloud elevations within a 1-m search radius exceeded 1 meter, the maximum value was applied to the output grid cell. Where the range of elevation values were less than 1-meter, a simple average of the points within the 1-m search radius was calculated. Prior to DSM creation the elevation data was shifted and edited to remove spurious elevation values associated with moving water surfaces. Areas where snow and ice were present in the imagery, particularly July 2014, were masked from the final DSMs. See metadata for orthoimagery and LAS data in the accompanying data release and Gibbs and others (2019) for additional information. Process_Date: 2016 Process_Step: Process_Description: Spelling correction was made to a keyword. Process_Date: 20191119 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission St. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Title correction was made to a keyword thesaurus. Process_Date: 20200901 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission St. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20201019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Performed minor edits to the metadata to correct typos. No data were changed Process_Date: 20211013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 7 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -141.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.23 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.23 Planar_Distance_Units: Meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Elevation terrestrial Entity_Type_Definition: DSMs provide elevation data in meters, in a single-band, 32-bit point raster data (file format-GeoTIFF) with 23-cm resolution. NoData values are -32767. The file employs Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) compression. File format: GeoTIFF. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Fairbanks Fodar Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: A GeoTIFF file provides elevation data, in meters, for each acquisition date. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Fairbanks Fodar Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: A GeoTIFF file for each acquisition date containing the 32-bit floating point raster. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 10.5 Format_Specification: 32-bit GeoTIFF Format_Information_Content: A 32-bit floating point GeoTIFF with LZW compression and FGDC CSDGM metadata File_Decompression_Technique: LZW compression Transfer_Size: 143 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5bb6a1b3e4b0fc368e89475a Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5bb6a1b3e4b0fc368e89475a?name=BTI_DSM_20140701.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9964TKX Access_Instructions: The first Network Resource Name link is to the page containing the data. The second link is a direct link to download a zipped file with the data and metadata. The final link is to the publication landing page. Fees: none Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 10.5 Format_Specification: 32-bit GeoTIFF Format_Information_Content: A 32-bit floating point GeoTIFF with LZW compression and FGDC CSDGM metadata File_Decompression_Technique: LZW compression Transfer_Size: 180 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5bb6a1b3e4b0fc368e89475a Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5bb6a1b3e4b0fc368e89475a?name=BTI_DSM_20140907.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9964TKX Access_Instructions: The first Network Resource Name link is to the page containing the data. The second link is a direct link to download a zipped file with the data and metadata. The final link is to the publication landing page. Fees: none Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 10.5 Format_Specification: 32-bit GeoTIFF Format_Information_Content: A 32-bit floating point GeoTIFF with LZW compression and FGDC CSDGM metadata File_Decompression_Technique: LZW compression Transfer_Size: 166 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5bb6a1b3e4b0fc368e89475a Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5bb6a1b3e4b0fc368e89475a?name=BTI_DSM_20150705.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9964TKX Access_Instructions: The first Network Resource Name link is to the page containing the data. The second link is a direct link to download a zipped file with the data and metadata. The final link is to the publication landing page. Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998