Nancy G. Prouty Miranda C. Baker 2020 2.0 comma-delimited text data release DOI:10.5066/P9JKYWQU Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JKYWQU https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62aa40bad34ec53d277115ce Nancy G. Prouty Miranda C. Baker 2020 2.0 data release DOI:10.5066/P9JKYWQU Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JKYWQU Various water column variables, including salinity, dissolved inorganic nutrients, pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, radio-carbon isotopes were measured in samples collected using a Niskin-bottle rosette at selected depths from sites offshore of California and Oregon from October to November 2019 during NOAA Ship Lasker R-19-05 (USGS field activity 2019-672-FA). CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) data were also collected at each depth that a Niskin-bottle sample was collected and are presented along with the water sample data. This data release supersedes version 1.0, published in August 2020 at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZS1JX8. Versioning details are documented in the accompanying VersionHistory_P9JKYWQU.txt file. These data were collected as part of the on-going Expanding Pacific Research and Exploration of Submerged Systems (EXPRESS) project, a multi-year, multi-institution cooperative research campaign in deep sea areas of California, Oregon, and Washington, including the continental shelf and slope. EXPRESS data and information are intended to guide wise use of living marine resources and habitats, inform ocean energy and mineral resource decisions, and improve offshore hazard assessments. The ultimate goal of EXPRESS is to develop comprehensive digital elevation models, habitat maps, and geologic maps, which are needed to address important issues associated with marine spatial planning, ecosystem assessments, geohazards, and the impact on sensitive ecosystems of offshore infrastructure development. This particular NOAA cruise focused on deep-sea corals, sponges, and associated habitats. Additional information about the field activities from which these data were derived is available online at: http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-672-FA Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 20191009 20191105 Ground condition at time data were collected. Complete None planned -125.0444 -118.4672 46.6056 33.1868 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:62aa40bad34ec53d277115ce ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans environment geoscientificInformation Data Categories for Marine Planning Water Column Features USGS Thesaurus CTD measurement ocean salinity marine chemistry ocean temperature time series datasets marine water quality Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords physical oceanography geochemistry chemical oceanography carbonate analysis None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Pacific Ocean None USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as the originators of the dataset and in products derived from these data. U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Science Data Coordinator mailing and physical

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Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-427-4747 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Sarah Merolla, Carina Fish, Chelsey Souza (U.C. Davis), Nissa Kreidler (Humboldt State) CO2 System Calculations done in Mac OSX 10.11.6, Microsoft Excel 14.7.1 for Mac. Raw data from the Sea-Bird SBE 9 CTD were processed using the manufacturers software, Seasave V 7.23.2. TimeJ, temperature, conductivity, pressure, sbeox0, sbeox0PS, turbidity, fluorescence, altimeter, and salinity were parsed using the closest depth measurement from the RL_1905_CTD datafiles using Python scripts. Lewis, E. Wallace, W.R. 1998 https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/program-developed-for-co2-system-calculations-program-files-co2sys-calc-dos-v1-05-co2sys-calc-x M. Stuiver H.A. Polach 1977 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200003672 Dickson, A.G. 1990 https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(90)90004-F Dickson, A.G. Sabine, C.L. Christian, J.R. 2007 https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/ocads/oceans/Handbook_2007.html Millero, F.J. Lee, K. Roche, M. 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(97)00084-4 Pierrot, D. Lewis, E. Wallace, D.W.R. 2006 https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/co2sys/CO2SYS_calc_XLS_v2.1/ All geochemistry data were calibrated against known standards No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details. A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy is based on ship’s position using the navigations system; MX420 DGPS (Differential GPSP) with an accuracy of 1 m. A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Depth was determined using a SeaBird CTD digiquartz pressure sensor with a stated accuracy of 0.015%. University of California at Santa Barbara, Marine Science Institute 2020 https://msi.ucsb.edu/services/analytical-lab/seawater-nutrients-fia seawater lab samples 20200117 Date when lab analyses were completed nutrients Flow injection analysis for dissolved nutrient (nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, and silicate) concentrations. University of California at Davis, Bodega Marine Lab 2020 https://marinescience.ucdavis.edu/bml/about seawater lab samples 20200317 Date when lab analyses were completed pH and total alkalinity pH was determined Spectrophotometrically; Total alkalinity was determined by means of automated Gran titration on a Metrohm 809 Titrando (Dickson et al. 2007). U.S. Geological Survey 2020 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZS1JX8 CTD measurements 20191009 20191105 Date when CTD profiles were collected CTD data CTD measurements at particular depths were appended to the Niskin bottle water sample data Water samples were collected using a Niskin bottle rosette apparatus different depths throughout the water column. Simultaneous conductivity, salinity, and depth (CTD) data were collected with a SeaBird SBE-9 CTD profiler at each Niskin bottle sample depth. 20191105 Seawater samples were analyzed by several different labs (see Sources) for different variables. Data from all seawater lab analyses were combined into a single document. Calcite and aragonite saturation states were calculated using an Excel Workbook Macro translation of the original CO2SYS program (Lewis and Wallace, 1998; Pierrot et al., 2006). -9999 cell value indicates no data (for example, where water was not sampled, or a water sample was not analyzed for a particular variable). nutrients pH and total alkalinity dissolved inorganic radiocarbon 20200618 lab data CTD data and water column variables were combined based on depths into a single document (RL_19_05_BTL_CTD_data v2.0.csv). lab data CTD data 20200618 This data release supersedes version 1.0, published in August 2020 at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZS1JX8. Versioning details are documented in the accompanying VersionHistory_P9JKYWQU.txt file. An attribute column header in the water-column environmental variable data file (SH-19-05_BTL_CTD_data.csv) was revised to accurately report ammonium not ammonia. No data values were changed, nor were any changes made in the CTD data (SH-19-05_raw_CTD.zip). Metadata files for both data files were revised to reflect the new doi number, URLs, download links, and PIDs. Version 1 of the data release is still available online at the original doi link for reference purposes only. 20220615 Point Point 131 0.0001 0.0001 Decimal degrees D_WGS_1984 D_WGS_1984 6378137.000000 298.257224 A tab-delimited text file with the first line being a header line. Output from CO2SYS program and geochemistry lab analyses combined with CTD data from water sample collection Producer defined. Cruise Name of Cruise on which samples and measurements were collected Producer defined RL-19-05 Abbreviation indicating Reuben Lasker R/V, year and mission number. Producer defined CTD station numbered station where CTD measurements were collected Producer defined. 1 29 days Site Name Site Name where samples were collected Producer defined. List of Site names Date Date [YYYYMMDD] Producer defined. 20191009 20191119 Time Time (UTC) [HH:MM:SS] Producer defined. 00:00:00 23:59:59 HH:MM:SS 1 TimeJ Time in Julian Days Producer defined. 282.839468 309.978852 Julian Days 0.000001 Temperature Temperature in degrees Celsius Producer defined. 2.2962 18.842 degrees Celsius 0.0001 Conductivity Conductivity Producer defined. 31450 45053 microsiemens per centimeter 100 Pressure Pressure Producer defined. 5.036 1718.851 decibels 0.001 Sbeox0 Oxygen in milligrams per liter Producer defined. 0.2732 9.5365 milligrams per liter 0.0001 Sbeox0PS Oxygen in percentage saturation Producer defined. 2.649 108.895 percentage saturation 0.001 Turbidity Turbidity, Producer defined. 0.0273 0.4182 Nephelometric Turbidity Units 0.0001 Fluorescence Fluorescence Producer defined. 0.0048 8.1719 miligrams per cubic meter 0.0001 AltM meters above seafloor Producer defined. 6 100.94 meters 0.01 Salinity Salinity Producer defined. 31.9883 34.589 practical salinity units (PSU) 0.001 DepSM Depth saltwater from the surface Producer defined. 5 1699 meters 0.001 Latitude Latitude of sample location Producer defined. 33.186833 46.60555556 decimal degrees 0.0001 Longitude Longitude of sample location Producer defined. -125.0444444 -118.467167 decimal degrees 0.0001 Niskin Bottle Niskin Bottle Number Producer defined. 1 24 bottle number Phosphate Dissolved inorganic phosphate concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry 0.01 3.22 micromole per liter of seawater 0.01 Silicate Dissolved inorganic silicate concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry 1.05 154.30 micromole per liter of seawater 0.01 Nitrate and Nitrite Dissolved inorganic nitrate and nitrite concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry 0.03 45.28 micromole per liter of seawater 0.01 Ammonium Dissolved inorganic ammonium concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry. 0.02 2.14 micromole per liter of seawater 0.01 Total Alkalinity Total alkalinity concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry 2138.34730 2436.73218 micromole per liter of seawater 0.00001 Total Alkalinity (STD) Standard deviation of Total Alkalinity measurement. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured Producer defined. 0.03887 15.29636 micromole per liter of seawater 0.00001 pH The negative of the base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration, measured in units of moles per liter, of hydrogen ions. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured Producer defined. 7.343847 7.975843 unitless 0.000001 Dissolved Inorganic Carbon The sum of inorganic carbon species in a solution (carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, bicarbonate anion, and carbonate. standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry 1762.66125 2386.26242 micromole per kilogram 0.00001 Calcite Saturation State ratio of [CO32-] and [Ca2+] divided by the calcite solubility product (Ksp) assuming the concentration of calcium, [Ca2+] is proportional to the salinity, and the carbonate concentration, [CO32-] was calculated from total alkalinity, pH, and the values of K1 and K2 for carbonic acid from Millero and others (1998) and Dickson and others (1990). Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Calculated with measured salinity, temperature, nutrients, total alkalinity, and pH data using an Excel Workbook Macro translation of the original CO2SYS program (Lewis and Wallace, 1998). 0.55 3.53 unitless 0.01 Aragonite Saturation State ratio of [CO32-] and [Ca2+] divided by the aragonite solubility product (Ksp) assuming the concentration of calcium, [Ca2+] is proportional to the salinity, and the carbonate concentration, [CO32-] was calculated from total alkalinity, pH, and the values of K1 and K2 for carbonic acid from Millero and others (1998) and Dickson and others (1990). Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Calculated with measured salinity, temperature, nutrients, total alkalinity, and pH data using an Excel Workbook Macro translation of the original CO2SYS program (Lewis and Wallace, 1998). 0.35 2.28 unitless 0.01 U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical

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Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov These data are available in a csv file (SH_18_12_CTD_BTLDATA v2.0.csv) which contains seawater carbonate analysis and CTD data for all collected water samples. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. tab-delimited text 14.7.7 ASCII text file none 0.0303 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/62aa40bad34ec53d277115ce https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/62aa40bad34ec53d277115ce https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JKYWQU Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link is a direct link to download the zipped file of data and metadata. The second link points to a landing page for the water parameter data and its metadata. The third link points to a landing page for the entire data release. None. These data can be viewed with any text editor software. 20220713 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Science Data Coordinator mailing and physical

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Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-427-4747 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998