Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sean C. Crosby Originator: Eric E. Grossman Publication_Date: 2019 Title: Wave observations from bottom-mounted pressure sensors in Bellingham Bay, Washington from Dec 2017 to Jan 2018 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: NetCDF files Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9JZ5F00 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JZ5F00 Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d2914f1e4b038fabe1b32c1 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sean C. Crosby Originator: Eric E. Grossman Publication_Date: 2019 Title: Wave observations from nearshore bottom-mounted pressure sensors in Skagit and Bellingham Bays, Washington, USA from Dec 2017 to Feb 2018 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9JZ5F00 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JZ5F00 Description: Abstract: RBRduo pressure and temperature sensors (early 2015 generation), mounted on aluminum frames, were moored in shallow (< 6 m) water depths in Bellingham Bay, Washington, to capture wave heights and periods. Continuous pressure fluctuations are transformed into surface-wave observations of wave heights, periods, and frequency spectra at 30-minute intervals. Purpose: Wave observations were collected as part of the USGS Coastal Climate Impacts Project and development of the Puget Sound Coastal Storm Modeling System (PS-COSMOS) for Puget Sound and the Salish Sea. The wave data help support the validation of the PS-CoSMoS regional wave model for forecasting future extreme high-water levels and flood risk with projected sea-level rise and to characterize the present-day wave climate. Supplemental_Information: Information about the data collection field activities can be found at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-706-FA Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20171127 Ending_Date: 20180124 Currentness_Reference: ground condition when data were collected Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.550 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.497 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 48.761 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 48.715 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5d2914f1e4b038fabe1b32c1 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: ocean temperature Theme_Keyword: ocean sciences Theme_Keyword: ocean waves Theme_Keyword: field inventory and monitoring Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: physical oceanography Theme_Keyword: waves Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Water Column Features Theme_Keyword: Distributions Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: Oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Bellingham Bay Place_Keyword: Whatcom County Place_Keyword: State of Washington Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Python 3 running on Windows 10 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: Data fall within expected ranges. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The stated accuracy of the hand-held GPS unit used to determine instrument position ranged from 3-5 m. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has either not been conducted, or is not applicable. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Instrumented frames were deployed and recovered by hand on from a 17-foot sea Ark skiff on two occasions. During a 1.5-month deployment beginning December 11, 2017 and ending January 24, 2018, instruments were deployed at sites B1, B2, and B3. An earlier 1-week pilot study deployed instruments from November 27, 2017, through December 3, 2017, at sites B4, B5, and B6. Aluminum frames with a 1-m footprint were equipped with RBR's RBRduo pressure and temperature sensor (early 2015 generation). Mushroom and fluke anchors were attached to frames with chain. Twelve-inch surface floats were attached to anchors for recovery and were not expected to impact instrument recording. Pressure and temperature were recorded continuously. During the shorter 1-week pilot deployment (B4, B5, B6) instruments recorded at 6Hz, and during the 1.5-month longer deployment instruments recorded at 2Hz. Sensor height above bottom was estimated to be 20cm after some settling of the frame in sediment. During deployment and recovery, depth was sampled with a handheld sonar, and position was recorded with a handheld GPS. The instrument package and mooring system were light enough to deployed and recovered by hand. Process_Date: 20180124 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Sean C. Crosby Contact_Organization: Western Washington University Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 516 High Street City: Bellingham State_or_Province: WA Postal_Code: 98225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 360-650-4697 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sean.crosby@wwu.edu Process_Step: Process_Description: After recovery, the manufacturers' software, Ruskin v2.4, was used to download the data. Surface gravity wave properties were estimated from pressure fluctuations following methods developed by Jones and Monismith (2007). Wave properties are estimated under two assumptions, that linear wave theory is valid, and that current speeds are small compared to wave phase velocities. These assumptions may be violated in shallow water depths during large wave events, e.g. wave breaking, and during strong ebb or flood tides. Python 3.0 operating within Windows 10 was used to process the data and scripts are available in the public repository, https://github.com/dnowacki-usgs/stglib. Note that the instrument at S3 ran out battery power on Jan 23 2018, before recovery. Reference: Jones, N.L., and Monismith, S.G., 2007, Measuring short-period wind waves in a tidally forced environment with a subsurface pressure gauge: Limnology and Oceanography--Methods, v. 5, n. 10, p. 317–327, https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2007.5.317 Process_Date: 20190222 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Sean C. Crosby Contact_Organization: Western Washington University Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 516 High Street City: Bellingham State_or_Province: WA Postal_Code: 98225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 360-650-4697 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sean.crosby@wwu.edu Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20201019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Performed minor edits to the metadata to correct typos. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20211013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 6 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: NetCDF files are self-contained and attribute information may be found in the header of the file itself. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable time-series are in NetCDF format, containing all relevant metadata. Two zip files are available for download. The first contains continuous temperature and pressure observations recorded by each instrument at sites B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, and B6. The zip file contains a file for each instrument labeled by instrument location (XXb-cal.nc). The second zip contains wave conditions averaged over each 30-min interval. The zip file contains a single file for each instrument labeled similarly by location (XXs-a.nc). All metadata in NetCDF files is in EPIC-compliant format. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: NetCDF Format_Version_Number: 4.7 Format_Information_Content: Zip file containing continuous temperature and pressure time-series data at all sites File_Decompression_Technique: zip archive Transfer_Size: 313.1 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5d2914f1e4b038fabe1b32c1?name=bellinghambay_timeseries.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d2914f1e4b038fabe1b32c1 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JZ5F00 Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link is a direct link to download the zipped file of data. The second link points to a landing page with all Bellingham Bay data and metadata. The third link is a landing page for the entire data release. Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: NetCDF Format_Version_Number: 4.7 Format_Information_Content: Zip file containing half-hourly wave statistics at all sites File_Decompression_Technique: zip archive Transfer_Size: 3.5 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5d2914f1e4b038fabe1b32c1?name=bellinghambay_wavestatistics.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d2914f1e4b038fabe1b32c1 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JZ5F00 Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link is a direct link to download the zipped file of data. The second link points to a landing page with all Bellingham Bay data and metadata. The third link is a landing page for the entire data release. Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998