Mean grain size of beach and seabed sediment samples collected in the vicinity of Arey Lagoon and Barter Island, Alaska, July 2011

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Mean grain size of beach and seabed sediment samples collected in the vicinity of Arey Lagoon and Barter Island, Alaska, July 2011
Abstract:
Sediment grab samples were collected on the barriers and nearby seabed on and around Arey and Barter Islands, Alaska in July 2011 and analyzed for mean grain size. 43 terrestrial grab samples were collected along 14 shore-normal beach transects (12 on Arey Island and 2 on the western spit of Barter Island) at the seaward water line, the berm crest or top of the island, and at the lagoon water line. 11 seabed samples were collected using a small pipe dredge deployed from a small boat; 2 in the vicinity of deployed oceanographic instruments, 8 on the ocean side of Arey Island, and 1 in Arey Lagoon. Two of the grab samples were sieved and analyzed for grain size distributions. Mean grain size of remaining samples was determined from referenced photographs of collected samples taken in the lab (Barnard and others, 2007) using two-dimensional spectral decomposition of sediment images (Buscombe and others, 2010). Results of sieved samples were used for verification of mean grain size values obtained with the image processing algorithm.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information about the field activity from which these data were derived is available online at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=ID411AR Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Erikson, Li H., Gibbs, Ann E., Richmond, Bruce M., Jones, Benjamin M., Storlazzi, Curt D., and Ohman, Karin A., 20201207, Mean grain size of beach and seabed sediment samples collected in the vicinity of Arey Lagoon and Barter Island, Alaska, July 2011: data release DOI:10.5066/P9LGYO2Q, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Erikson, Li H., Gibbs, Ann E., Richmond, Bruce M., Jones, Benjamin M., Storlazzi, Curt D., and Ohman, Karin A., 2020, Modeled 21st century storm surge, waves, and coastal flood hazards, and supporting oceanographic and geological field data (2010 and 2011) for Arey and Barter Islands, Alaska and vicinity: data release DOI:10.5066/P9LGYO2Q, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -144.021510
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -143.755050
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.127780
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.087750
  3. What does it look like?
    https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5ee2b47782ce3bd58d7e171a?name=BTI_2011GrainSize_SampleLocationMap.jpg&allowOpen=true (JPEG)
    Map of sediment samples, mean grain size distribution, and beach profile locations.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 06-Jul-2011
    Ending_Date: 11-Jul-2011
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition at time data were collected
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (54)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.00001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.00001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is WGS84.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS84.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    BTI_2011GrainSize_Data.csv
    Sediment grain size data (Source: Producer defined)
    SampleID
    Name of sample (Source: Producer defined) Unique identifier for the sampling site given in the field
    ProfileID
    Beach profile along which sample was acquired (Source: Producer defined) Unique identifier for the beach profile given in the field
    Longitude
    Longitude coordinate (Source: Producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-144.02151
    Maximum:-143.75505
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.00001
    Latitude
    Latitude coordinate (Source: Producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:70.08775
    Maximum:70.12778
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.00001
    UTC_Date
    Date and time sample was collected (Source: Producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:08/25/2010
    Maximum:07/09/2011
    Type
    Type of sample collected (Source: Producer defined)
    ValueDefinition
    Terrestrial or seabedSample taken above the sea surface, on terrestrial land or below the sea surface, on the seabed.
    Feature
    Feature location where sample was taken (Source: Producer defined) Unique identifier for the descriptive location for where sample was collected
    Mean_mm
    Mean grain size (Source: Producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.26
    Maximum:12.24
    Units:mm
    Resolution:0.01
    STDev_mm
    Standard deviation of grain size distribution (Source: Producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:6.28
    Units:mm
    Resolution:0.01
    Comments
    Additional information about the sample (Source: Producer defined) Unique text providing additional information about the sample
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the csv file is a header line.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Li H. Erikson
    • Ann E. Gibbs
    • Bruce M. Richmond
    • Benjamin M. Jones
    • Curt D. Storlazzi
    • Karin A. Ohman
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Arctic Landscape Conservation Cooperative (ALCC), U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-427-4747 (voice)
    pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

Data were obtained to provide inputs and validation data for a numerical model, and additionally to provide baseline environmental data previously not available.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 27-Sep-2011 (process 1 of 3)
    Sediment grab samples were collected on the barriers and nearby seabed on and around Arey and Barter Islands, Alaska in July 2011 and analyzed for mean grain size. 43 terrestrial grab samples were collected along 14 shore-normal beach transects (12 on Arey Island and 2 on the western spit of Barter Island) at the seaward water line, the berm crest or top of the island, and at the lagoon water line. 11 seabed samples were collected using a small pipe dredge deployed from a small boat; 2 in the vicinity of deployed oceanographic instruments, 8 on the ocean side of Arey Island, and 1 in Arey Lagoon.
    Date: 20-Oct-2011 (process 2 of 3)
    Two sediment grab sampleswere sieved and analyzed for grain size distributions (ASTM-D7928). Mean grain sizes of remaining samples were computed using the MATLAB-based DGS toolbox from referenced photographs of collected samples taken in the lab following the methods of Barnard and others, 2007 and using two-dimensional spectral decomposition of sediment images as described in Buscombe and others, 2010. Results of sieved samples were used for verification of mean grain size values obtained with the image processing algorithm.
    Date: 14-Oct-2021 (process 3 of 3)
    Performed minor edits to the metadata to correct typos. No data were changed Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Susan A. Cochran
    Geologist
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-460-7545 (voice)
    scochran@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Erikson, Li H., Gibbs, Ann E., Richmond, Bruce M., Storlazzi, Curt D., Jones, Benjamin M., and Ohman, Karin A., 2020, Changing Storm Conditions in Response to Projected 21st Century Climate Change Scenarios and the Potential Impact on an Arctic Barrier Island Lagoon System: A Pilot Study for Arey Island and Lagoon, Eastern Arctic Alaska.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Erikson, L.H., Gibbs, A.E., Richmond, B.M., Storlazzi, C.D., Jones, B.M., and Ohman, K.A., 2020, Changing storm conditions in response to projected 21st century climate change and the potential impact on an arctic barrier island–lagoon system—A pilot study for Arey Island and Lagoon, eastern Arctic Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File report 2020-1142
    Buscombe, Daniel, Rubin, David M., and Warrick, Jonathan A., 2010, A universal approximation of grain size from images of noncohesive sediment.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Buscombe, D., Rubin, D.M., and Warrick, J.A., 2010, A universal approximation of grain size from images of noncohesive sediment: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 115, no. 02, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JF001477
    Barnard, Patrick L., Rubin, David M., Harney, Jodi, and Mustain, Neomi, 2007, Field test comparison of an autocorrelation technique for determining grain size using a digital beachball camera versus traditional methods.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Barnard, P.L., Rubin, D.M., Harney, J., and Mustain, N., 2007, Field test comparison of an autocorrelation technique for determining grain size using a digital beachball camera versus traditional methods: Sedimentary Geology, v. 201, p. 180-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2007.05.016

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    No formal accuracy assessment was performed. Standard operating procedures were used to collect all data and measurements are within the expected range. Sediment grain sizes are estimated to be accurate within ±23 percent of the reported values.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Sediment sample locations were obtained with hand-held GPS units and are estimated to be accurate to within 4 meters.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Data has been checked for duplications and omissions. Missing data have been filled with NaN values. Where data were not collected a value of n/a value is used.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? These data are available in csv format contained in a single zip file, which also includes CSDGM FGDC compliant metadata and a sample location map.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data can be viewed with any text reading software.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 14-Oct-2021
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/pcmsc/DataReleases/ScienceBase/DR_P9LGYO2Q/BTI_2011GrainSize_metatata.faq.html>
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