Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Patrick W. Limber Originator: Patrick L. Barnard Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Central California CoSMoS v3.1 projections of coastal cliff retreat due to 21st century sea-level rise Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Cliff retreat projections in Google Earth KMZ and ESRI shapefile formats Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9NUO62B Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NUO62B Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5b1ad80ee4b092d9652520f1 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Patrick L. Barnard Originator: Li H. Erikson Originator: Amy C. Foxgrover Originator: Patrick W. Limber Originator: Andrea C. O'Neill Originator: Sean Vitousek Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) for Central California v3.1 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: modeling results presented in various formats Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9NUO62B Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NUO62B Description: Abstract: This dataset contains spatial projections of coastal cliff retreat (and associated uncertainty) for future scenarios of sea-level rise (SLR) in Central California. Present-day cliff-edge positions used as the baseline for projections are also included. Projections were made using numerical models and field observations such as historical cliff retreat rate, nearshore slope, coastal cliff height, and mean annual wave power, as part of Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS). Read metadata and references carefully. Details: Cliff-retreat position projections and associated uncertainties are for scenarios of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 0.92, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.5, 3.0 and 5 meters of SLR. Projections were made at CoSMoS cross-shore transects (CST) spaced 100-200 m alongshore using a baseline sea-cliff edge from 2016 (included in the dataset). Within the zip file, there are two separate datasets available: 1) one that ignores coastal armoring, such as seawalls and revetments, and allows the cliff to retreat unimpeded (“Do Not Hold the Line”); and 2) another that assumes that current coastal armoring will be maintained and 100% effective at stopping future cliff erosion ("Hold the Line"). An ensemble of four numerical models synthesized from literature were used to make projections. All models relate breaking-wave height and period to cliff rock or unconsolidated sediment erosion. As sea level rises, waves break closer to the sea cliff, more wave energy impacts the cliffs, and cliff erosion rates accelerate. The final projections are a weighted average of all models (weighted by model performance), and the final uncertainties are proportional to 1) underlying uncertainties in the model input data, such as historical cliff retreat rates, and 2) the differences between individual model forecasts at each CST so that uncertainty is larger when the models do not agree. Uncertainty represents the 95% confidence level (two standard deviations about the mean projection). Model behavior also includes wave run-up and wave set-up that raises the water level during big-wave events. Please refer to Limber and others (2018) for more detailed information on the model and data sources. Purpose: These data provide an estimate of coastal geomorphic change in response to SLR during the 21st century and are intended for policy makers, resource managers, science researchers, students, and the general public. These data can be used with geographic information systems or other software to identify and assess possible areas of vulnerability and are not intended to be used for navigation. Supplemental_Information: This work is one portion of ongoing modeling efforts for California and the western United States. For more information on CoSMoS implementation, see https://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/coastal_processes/cosmos/ Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in ESRI format, this metadata file may include some ESRI-specific terminology. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20171010 Ending_Date: 20180601 Currentness_Reference: oldest dataset used through publication date Status: Progress: In work Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.70 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -120.42 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.82 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.42 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5b1ad80ee4b092d9652520f1 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Physical Habitats and Geomorphology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: Hazards Planning Theme_Keyword: Ocean Waves Theme_Keyword: Erosion Theme_Keyword: Sea Level Rise Theme_Keyword: Extreme Weather Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Climate Change Theme_Keyword: Storms Theme_Keyword: Sea-level Change Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: Oceans Theme_Keyword: ClimatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: sea level change Theme_Keyword: waves Theme_Keyword: coastal erosion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System Place_Keyword: Santa Barbara County Place_Keyword: San Luis Obispo County Place_Keyword: Monterey County Place_Keyword: Santa Cruz County Place_Keyword: San Mateo County Place_Keyword: San Francisco County Place_Keyword: State of California Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Central California Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: California Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Limber, P. W. Originator: Barnard, P. L. Originator: Vitousek, S. Originator: Erikson, L. H. Publication_Date: 2018 Title: A model ensemble for projecting multi-decadal coastal cliff retreat during the 21st century Other_Citation_Details: Limber, P.W., Barnard, P.L., Vitousek, S., and Erikson, L.H, 2018, A model ensemble for projecting multi-decadal coastal cliff retreat during the 21st century: Journal of Geophysical Research--Earth Surface, v. 123, p.1566-1589, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JF004401 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JF004401 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Attribute values are estimates of sea-cliff retreat and uncertainty due to plausible future sea-level rise scenarios and therefore cannot be cross-checked with observations, because observations do not exist. The projections were generated using up-to-date statistical and numerical methods and are in line with projections made by previous researchers. Uncertainty bands are included that take into account the positional accuracy of the geospatial data used to calibrate the numerical models, statistical agreement between different models used to generate the projections, and variations of the projections caused by varying initial conditions (a sensitivity analysis). Logical_Consistency_Report: Data have undergone QA/QC and fall within expected/reasonable ranges. It is possible to have polygons that overlap. Completeness_Report: These geospatial projections are complete. Any gaps in these data, if applicable, are a consequence of nonexisting data or existing data that did not meet quality assurance standards. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record and references carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the projections was conducted for each model output location. The horizontal accuracy (or uncertainty) for each model output point is included within this geospatial dataset and was determined at the 95 percent confidence level. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2017 Title: 2016 USGS cest coast El-Nino lidar DEM (WA, OR, CA) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: online Publisher: NOAA Digital Coast Online_Linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/htdata/raster2/elevation/West_Coast_El_Nino_DEM_2016_6260/ Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20160428 Ending_Date: 20160528 Source_Currentness_Reference: data collection dates Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 16DEM Source_Contribution: A continuous sea cliff edge was digitized from the 2016 lidar DEM. The cliff edge was then used 1) to calculate long-term cliff retreat rates and 2) as the baseline from which future projections of cliff retreat were made. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Hapke, C. Originator: Reid, D. Originator: Borelli, M. Publication_Date: 2007 Title: The National Assessment of Shoreline Change; a GIS compilation of vector cliff edges and associated cliff erosion data for the California coast Publication_Information: Publication_Place: online Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1112/ Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19290101 Ending_Date: 19330101 Source_Currentness_Reference: dates of valid data Source_Citation_Abbreviation: TSHEET Source_Contribution: Cliff edges were used to calculate historical long-term rates of cliff retreat Process_Step: Process_Description: Historical sea cliff retreat rates were established using cliff edge positions from the 1930’s (TSHEETS) and 2016 (16DEM). Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: TSHEETS Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 16DEM Process_Date: 20171001 Process_Step: Process_Description: Extracted cross-shore profiles, cliff toe elevations, and beach slopes from 16DEM. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 16DEM Process_Date: 20171101 Process_Step: Process_Description: Ran multi-model ensemble with wave forcing and various SLR scenarios to project future cliff positions. Historical retreat rates, cliff toe elevation, beach slopes, and cliff height discussed above were used as inputs to the model ensemble. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: TSHEETS Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 16DEM Process_Date: 20171201 Process_Step: Process_Description: Model output and uncertainty were mapped. Visual and statistical QA/QC was performed to identify and correct data that did not meet quality control standards. Output processed for use in CoSMoS Process_Date: 20180501 Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20201019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Performed minor edits to the metadata to correct typos. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20211013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 10 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -100.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Central California (Central CA) CoSMoS projections of coastal cliff retreat due to 21st century sea-level rise Entity_Type_Definition: shapefiles (in a layer package) consisting of projected coastal cliff positions and uncertainty ranges for 21st century sea-level rise scenarios, in addition to baseline positions and historical retreat rates used in model Entity_Type_Definition_Source: originators at United States Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLR__cm Attribute_Definition: sea-level rise (SLR) scenario in centimeters for "Hold the line" or "No Hold the line" conditions as named Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 25 Range_Domain_Maximum: 500 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 25 Attribute: Attribute_Label: POINT_X Attribute_Definition: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) longitude coordinate for "Hold the line" or "No Hold the line" conditions as named Attribute_Definition_Source: UTM coordinate system Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 542392.442328 Range_Domain_Maximum: 730136.315183 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: POINT_Y Attribute_Definition: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) latitude coordinate for "Hold the line" or "No Hold the line" conditions as named Attribute_Definition_Source: UTM coordinate system Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 3819875.80194 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4183594.31394 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.000001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Cosmos_ID Attribute_Definition: Unique ID number for each CoSMoS model output location Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4809 Range_Domain_Maximum: 8040 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: NA Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: hist_ER Attribute_Definition: Historical coastal cliff retreat rate, calculated between the 1930’s (depending on location) and 2016 Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.01 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.6055 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters per year Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Central California (Central CA) CoSMoS projections of coastal cliff retreat due to 21st century sea-level rise Entity_Type_Definition: Google Earth KMZ file consisting of projected coastal cliff positions (displayed as 'points' or 'lines') for 21st century sea-level rise scenarios Entity_Type_Definition_Source: originators at United States Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLR__cm Attribute_Definition: sea-level rise (SLR) scenario in centimeters for "Hold the line" or "No Hold the line" conditions as named Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 25 Range_Domain_Maximum: 500 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 25 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Cosmos_ID Attribute_Definition: Unique ID number for each CoSMoS model output location Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4809 Range_Domain_Maximum: 8040 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: NA Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Sea Cliff retreat projection uncertainty Entity_Type_Definition: Google Earth KMZ file consisting of projected coastal cliff positions uncertainty ranges for 21st century sea-level rise scenarios Entity_Type_Definition_Source: originators at United States Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Attribute: Attribute_Label: SLR__cm Attribute_Definition: sea-level rise (SLR) scenario in centimeters Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Scenario Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Uncertainty in projected coastal cliff position for sea-level rise scenario and "Hold the line" or "No Hold the line" conditions as named Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Baseline Entity_Type_Definition: Google Earth KMZ file consisting of baseline cliff positions and historical retreat rates Entity_Type_Definition_Source: originators at United States Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Attribute: Attribute_Label: Cosmos_ID Attribute_Definition: Unique ID number for each CoSMoS model output location Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4809 Range_Domain_Maximum: 8040 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: NA Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: hist_ER Attribute_Definition: Historical coastal cliff retreat rate, calculated between the 1930’s (depending on location) and 2016 Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.01 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.6055 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters per year Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: These data are available in ESRI shapefile format contained in ArcGIS layer packages and in Google KMZ formats. Each management scenario (‘Hold the Line’ and ‘Let It Go’) is packaged in a separate layer package or KMZ file. CSDGM FGDC-compliant metadata is zipped with the dataset. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: KML, shapefile Format_Version_Number: Google Earth Pro (version 7.0, Google, 2015) and ArcGIS 10.5 Format_Specification: KMZ lines, points, and polygons, and features in ESRI shapefile formats projected in UTM 10 coordinates Format_Information_Content: The .zip file includes all KMZ files, ESRI files (shapefiles), and associated metadata File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip Transfer_Size: 6.8 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5b1ad80ee4b092d9652520f1?name=CoastalCliff_projections_CenCal_CoSMoS_3.1.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NUO62B Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link is a direct link to download the zipped file of data and metadata. The second link points to a landing page for all the CoSMoS Central California data. Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: California Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998