Elevation point clouds of the coast of Alaska from Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales, 2016

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Matt Nolan
Originator: Ann E. Gibbs
Originator: Alexander G. Snyder
Publication_Date: 20221115
Title:

Elevation point clouds of the coast of Alaska from Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales, 2016

Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: point cloud data LAZ (LAS 1.2)
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9PGJNE9

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:

Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PGJNE9
Online_Linkage:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6283d73fd34e3bef0c9a4553

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Matt Nolan
Originator: Ann E. Gibbs
Originator: Alexander G. Snyder
Publication_Date: 2022
Title:

Alaska coastal orthoimagery and elevation data: Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales, 2016

Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster and vector digital files
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9PGJNE9

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

suggested citation: Nolan, M., Gibbs, A.E., and Snyder, A.G., 2022, Alaska coastal orthoimagery and elevation data: Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PGJNE9.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PGJNE9

Description:

Abstract:

This part of the data release presents georeferenced elevation point clouds spanning the ocean shoreline of Alaska from Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales. Aerial images were collected, and data were processed, by Fairbanks Fodar (https://www.fairbanksfodar.com) in Fairbanks, Alaska, for the U.S. Geological Survey. The aerial images, from which the point clouds were derived, were collected in 2016 between August 29 and September 4 and extend from the shoreline to 400-4000 meters inland. The aerial images were collected with precise Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation data from a manned aircraft and were then processed using structure-from-motion (SFM) methods as described in Nolan and others, 2015. The included files contain georeferenced point cloud data in .laz format. The point clouds were converted to .laz format by the USGS. Users are encouraged to use the Tile Index shapefile, which is also available in this data release, to identify elevation point cloud files that are appropriate to a specific area of interest.

Purpose:

Fairbanks Fodar was contracted by the USGS to acquire aerial photography and to generate structure-from-motion products including orthoimagery, digital elevation models, and elevation point clouds. USGS researchers use the orthorectified imagery and elevation data to delineate shoreline position and characterize coastal geomorphology.

Supplemental_Information:

The Tile Index shapefile, also available in this data release, provides an outline of the data in each orthoimagery and elevation data file as well as the name of the file. Once the appropriate filenames are identified, users can either download files to their local server or stream the Cloud Optimized Geotiff (COG) directly to any COG supporting GIS. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in Esri format, this metadata file may include some Esri-specific terminology.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20160829
Ending_Date: 20160904

Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -167.62629
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -159.92483
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.29046
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 65.763323

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: ImageryBaseMapsEarthCover

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning
Theme_Keyword: Physical habitats and geomorphology
Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry and elevation

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: structure from motion
Theme_Keyword: coastal processes
Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets
Theme_Keyword: remote sensing
Theme_Keyword: aerial photography
Theme_Keyword: image collections
Theme_Keyword: geomorphology
Theme_Keyword: earth sciences
Theme_Keyword: geography
Theme_Keyword: coastal processes

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
Theme_Keyword: coast
Theme_Keyword: beach
Theme_Keyword: cliff
Theme_Keyword: beach ridge
Theme_Keyword: shore

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
Theme_Keyword: CMHRP
Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: PCMSC

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:6283d73fd34e3bef0c9a4553

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: State of Alaska
Place_Keyword: Point Hope
Place_Keyword: Icy Cape
Place_Keyword: Chukchi Sea
Place_Keyword: Wainwright
Place_Keyword: Point Lay
Place_Keyword: Kasegaluk Lagoon
Place_Keyword: Cape Sabine
Place_Keyword: Sitkok Point
Place_Keyword: Cape Beaufort
Place_Keyword: Cape Lisburne
Place_Keyword: Wevok
Place_Keyword: Cape Lewis
Place_Keyword: Kilikralik Point
Place_Keyword: Marryat Inlet
Place_Keyword: Wales
Place_Keyword: Cape Prince of Wales
Place_Keyword: Shishmaref
Place_Keyword: Kotzebue Sound
Place_Keyword: Kotzebue
Place_Keyword: Kivalina
Place_Keyword: Point Hope
Place_Keyword: Cape Krusenstern
Place_Keyword: Deering
Place_Keyword: Cape Espenberg
Place_Keyword: Cape Thompson

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey and Fairbanks Fodar as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6283d73fd34e3bef0c9a4553?name=PointCloud_Example.jpg&allowOpen=true

Browse_Graphic_File_Description:

Image depicts an example of the elevation point cloud data included in this data release, colored by elevation and superimposed on a hillshade generated by the digital elevation model data included in this data release.

Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG

Data_Set_Credit:

Data collection was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey. Data acquisition and processing were conducted by Fairbanks Fodar LLC.

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows 10, Agisoft Photoscan, ArcMap 10.6, gdal v3.3.1

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: M. Nolan
Originator: C. Larsen
Originator: M. Sturm
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:

Mapping snow depth from manned aircraft on landscape scales at centimeter resolution using structure-from-motion photogrammetry

Other_Citation_Details:

Nolan, M., Larsen, C., and Sturm, M., 2015, Mapping snow depth from manned aircraft on landscape scales at centimeter resolution using structure-from-motion photogrammetry: The Cryosphere, v. 9, p. 1445–1463, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1445-2015.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1445-2015

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Alexander G. Snyder
Originator: Ann E. Gibbs
Publication_Date: 2019
Title:

National assessment of shoreline change: A GIS compilation of vector shorelines and associated shoreline change data for the north coast of Alaska, Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales

Other_Citation_Details:

Snyder, A.G., and Gibbs, A.E., 2019, National assessment of shoreline change: A GIS compilation of updated vector shorelines and associated shoreline change data for the north coast of Alaska, Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9H1S1PV.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9H1S1PV

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Ann E. Gibbs
Originator: Alexander G. Snyder
Originator: Bruce M. Richmond
Publication_Date: 2019
Title:

National Assessment of Shoreline Change—Historical Shoreline Change Along the North Coast of Alaska, Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales

Other_Citation_Details:

Gibbs, A.E., Snyder, A.G., and Richmond, B.M., 2019, National assessment of shoreline change—Historical shoreline change along the north coast of Alaska, Icy Cape to Cape Prince of Wales: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1146, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191146.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191146

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Jacquelyn R. Overbeck
Originator: Richard M. Buzard
Originator: Mark M. Turner
Originator: Katie Y. Miller
Originator: Roberta J.T. Glenn
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:

Shoreline change at Alaska coastal communities: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Report of Investigation

Other_Citation_Details:

Overbeck, J.R., Buzard, R.M., Turner, M.M., Miller, K.Y., and Glenn, R.J., 2020, Shoreline change at Alaska coastal communities: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Report of Investigation 2020-10, 29 p., 47 sheets, https://doi.org/10.14509/30552.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14509/30552

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Quantum Spatial, Incorporated (QSI)
Publication_Date: 2019
Title: Fairbanks Fodar Assessment
Other_Citation_Details:

A formal evaluation performed by Quantum Spatial, Incorporated (QSI; 2019) compared these data to vertical control points and other data sources (see the Attribute Accuracy Report). Additional information about this report can be obtained by contacting Ann Gibbs (agibbs@usgs.gov).

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

A formal evaluation performed by Quantum Spatial, Incorporated (QSI; 2019) compared these data to vertical control points, 214 in total, which were limited to the villages between Cape Prince of Wales and Point Hope. The data were also compared to lidar collected in 2004. Control points were used to quantifiably evaluate the vertical accuracy of these data. The horizontal accuracy of these data could not be reliable quantified, though a visual assessment indicated that these data align with the 2004 lidar.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Quantum Spatial, Incorporated (QSI; 2019) compared elevation data in this dataset to elevation measurements from other sources that cover the same area and were found to be consistent except near areas of moving water. Data also include returns from vegetation/the canopy. Shallow underwater reconstructions have not been corrected for parallax.

Completeness_Report:

Structure-from-motion photogrammetry utilizes overlapping photographs, which can cause moving water surfaces to appear unrealistic. Images of water and anomalous elevation may appear in spatially unrealistic places. These artifacts were not removed from this data set, but are very recognizable, especially when combined with the related coincident orthoimagery data set. Users are advised to become familiar with the entire metadata document.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Formal horizontal accuracy checks were not possible, but visual evaluations conducted by Quantum Spatial, Incorporated (QSI; 2019) confirmed that these data align well with other orthoimagery and lidar data. Gibbs and others (2019) used a horizontal uncertainty value of 0.3 meters.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Quantum Spatial, Incorporated (QSI; 2019) compared a subset of this dataset to vertical control points, 214 in total, which were limited to the villages between Cape Prince of Wales and Point Hope. Although this comparison was limited to a small subset of data, the full extent of this dataset was collected and processed using consistent methods, so it is reasonable to expect similar accuracy values throughout the dataset. The evaluation determined that these data were on average 28 cm lower than the elevation of the GCPs, with a RMSE of 38 cm. These accuracy values do not include elevation data collected over water, which should not be used.

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Photographs were collected using a Nikon D800E with 24 mm lens mounted to a vertical camera port and connected to a survey grade GPS (Trimble 5700), which records an event marker for each photo, allowing for positional accuracy of less than 10 cm. The camera and GPS system was fit to a Cessna 170B, from which the photos were collected (Nolan and others, 2015). Photographs were primarily collected by flying two passes parallel to the shoreline in a flight pattern that achieved approximately 60 percent side lap and 80 percent end lap between photographs. Acquisition methods followed those outlined in Nolan and others (2015) with the exception of the number of passes made by the aircraft, which in this case was two instead of four.

Process_Date: 20160904
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Dr. Matt Nolan
Contact_Organization: Fairbanks Fodar

Contact_Position: Owner
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing
Address: PO Box 82416
City: Fairbanks
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99708

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-978-0542
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: info@fairbanksfodar.com

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Photographs were processed to optimize exposure and contrast. Photograph position GPS data were post-processed using precise point positioning (PPP) due to the absence of a nearby available GPS base station network. The overlapping aerial photos and GPS positions were input into Agisoft Photoscan Structure-from-Motion software. Data were processed in blocks, based in part on the time the imagery was collected. Agisoft generated point clouds, digital elevation models (DEMs), and orthoimagery, which were output in smaller blocks to make the data more manageable. More information about the processing steps used to generate this dataset are described in Nolan and other, 2015.

Process_Date: 20160904
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Dr. Matt Nolan
Contact_Organization: Fairbanks Fodar

Contact_Position: Owner
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing
Address: PO Box 82416
City: Fairbanks
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99708

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-978-0542
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: info@fairbanksfodar.com

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Point clouds were converted from LAS to LAZ for data publication using LasTools version 220113.

Process_Date: 20220216
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Alexander Snyder
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Oceanographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4450
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: agsnyder@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 3
Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -165.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.20
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.20

Planar_Distance_Units: METERS

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: NAD83_National_Spatial_Reference_System_2011
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Altitude_System_Definition:

Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Geoid 12B
Altitude_Resolution: 0.001
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method:

Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Point Cloud
Entity_Type_Definition:

Point cloud is in LAS version 1.2 and compressed using LASzip compression (version 3.2r9 c2 50000) and contains georeferenced 3-dimensional surface elevation data. Surface elevation refers to the highest surface visible from aerial imagery (for example, exposed ground, rooftops, tree canopy).

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Definition:

Orthometric height relative to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988, Geoid12B.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -4978.600
Range_Domain_Maximum: 755.740

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

These attribute values represent all point cloud files this data release. Filenames are a unique identifier that describes certain attributes of the file, including the region and processing group, if applicable. For example, the filename ‘deering_Chunk_3’ refers to data that is somewhat close to the town of Deering and processed with other files in group ‘3’.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Producer defined

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov

Resource_Description:

These data are available in LAZ format and include CSDGM FGDC compliant metadata. All data use the horizontal and vertical coordinate reference systems NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 3N and NAVD88 (m) using geoid 12B.

Distribution_Liability:

Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: LAZ
Format_Version_Number: LAS 1.2
Format_Information_Content:

34 files contain point cloud data (LAS 1.2) stored in LAZ format.

File_Decompression_Technique:

Data are compressed to LAZ format. Most GIS applications are capable of utilizing LAZ, but users should also be able to use LasTools to convert to LAS format.

Transfer_Size: 93300

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6283d73fd34e3bef0c9a4553

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PGJNE9

Access_Instructions:

Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link points to a page with metadata and from which the point cloud data for different geographical areas can be downloaded. The second link points to the landing page for the entire data release from which other data types can be accessed.

Fees: None.

Technical_Prerequisites:

These data can be viewed with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software or other software capable of displaying point cloud data.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20221115
Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/pcmsc/DataReleases/ScienceBase/DR_P9PGJNE9/PointCloud_metadata.html>