Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nancy G. Prouty Originator: John Schiff Originator: E. Brendan Roark Publication_Date: 20201102 Title: Radiocarbon dating of deep-sea black corals collected off the southeastern United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9PQ3Z5V Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PQ3Z5V Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5f36d30982cee144fb3874bc Description: Abstract: Results of radiocarbon dating of deep-sea (500 m to 700 m) black corals are presented. These corals were collected off the southeastern United States as part of the Southeastern United States Deep-Sea Corals (SEADESC) Initiative. Purpose: These samples were collected as part of on-going research on the outer continental shelf in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) to characterize hard-bottom communities, including deep-sea corals and chemosynthetic habitats, as the need for oil and gas exploration, and wind energy increases on the U.S. Atlantic shelf and slope. Information on life spans of deep-sea corals is essential for conservation and management and for assessing the vulnerability of these organisms to both natural and anthropogenic perturbations. Supplemental_Information: Samples were collected during two Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute research cruises and therefore no USGS field activity information exists. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20040611 Ending_Date: 20051101 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition at time data were collected. Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -79.6622 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.6100 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 31.8459 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.5017 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Habitat Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: chemical analysis Theme_Keyword: geochemistry Theme_Keyword: marine chemistry Theme_Keyword: radiometric dating Theme_Keyword: carbon-14 analysis Theme_Keyword: coelenterates Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: fragile ecosystems Theme_Keyword: chemical oceanography Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5f36d30982cee144fb3874bc Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: South Atlantic Bight Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as the originators of the dataset and in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: Nancy Prouty, Charles Holmes, and Ken Sulak (U.S. Geological Survey), John Schiff and E. Brendan Roark (Texas A&M) Native_Data_Set_Environment: Mac OSX 10.11.6, Microsoft Excel 14.7.1 for Mac. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Minze Stuiver Originator: Henry A. Polach Publication_Date: 1977 Title: Discussion reporting of 14C data Other_Citation_Details: Stuiver, M., and Polach, H.A., 1977, Discussion reporting of 14C data: Radiocarbon, v. 19, pp. 355-363. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200003672 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: John S. Vogel Originator: John R. Southon Originator: D. Erle Nelson Publication_Date: 1987 Title: Catalyst and binder effects in the use of filamentous graphite for AMS Other_Citation_Details: Vogel, J.S., Southon, J.R., and Nelson, D.E., 1987, Catalyst and binder effects in the use of filamentous graphite for AMS: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, v. 29, pp. 50-56. Online_Linkage: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0168583X87902023 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: All geochemistry data were calibrated against known standards Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy was determined with the ship’s GPS navigation (Magnavox MX 200 Global Positioning System) with a stated accuracy of <5 m. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Depth was determined using a SeaBird SBE-4 CTD digiquartz pressure sensor with a stated accuracy of 0.015%. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (NOSAMS) facility Publication_Date: 2020 Title: Coral radiocarbon analysis Online_Linkage: https://www.whoi.edu/nosams/Submitting_Guidelines Type_of_Source_Media: Proteinaceous coral lab samples Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20200510 Source_Currentness_Reference: Date when lab analyses were completed Source_Citation_Abbreviation: radiocarbon1 Source_Contribution: An accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) was used to measure organic radiocarbon (Vogel and others, 1997). Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Beta Analytic Publication_Date: 2007 Title: Coral radiocarbon analysis Online_Linkage: https://www.radiocarbon.com/beta-lab.htm Type_of_Source_Media: Proteinaceous coral lab samples Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20070614 Source_Currentness_Reference: Date when lab analyses were completed Source_Citation_Abbreviation: radiocarbon2 Source_Contribution: An accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) was used to measure organic radiocarbon (Vogel and others, 1997). Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL)-Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Coral radiocarbon analysis Online_Linkage: https://cams.llnl.gov Type_of_Source_Media: Proteinaceous coral lab samples Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20140815 Source_Currentness_Reference: Date when lab analyses were completed Source_Citation_Abbreviation: dissolved inorganic radiocarbon Source_Contribution: An accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) was used to measure organic radiocarbon (Vogel and others, 1997). Process_Step: Process_Description: Samples were collected by Dr. Steve Ross, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, using the Johnson Sea-link (JSL) submersible during two Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute R/V Seward Johnson Life on the Edge research cruises in 2004 and 2005. Process_Date: 2005 Process_Step: Process_Description: Samples were analyzed by several external laboratories, and the results were combined into one spreadsheet. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: radiocarbon1 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: radiocarbon2 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: dissolved inorganic radiocarbon Process_Date: 2020 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 104 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: D_WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: A comma-delimited text file with the first line being a header line. Entity_Type_Definition: Output from accelerator mass spectrometer lab analyses and results of radiocarbon dating (Stuiver and Polach, 1977). Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample ID Attribute_Definition: Unique sample ID based on site abbreviation (JACK=Jasksonville lithoherms; STET=Stetson; SAV=Savannah Banks) where samples were collected, name of the submersible (JSL) followed by the year collected (04=2004; 05=2005), sequential dive number, and sample designation (BC1=black coral 1, BC2=black coral 2). Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined. Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: List of unique sample IDs Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date of collection Attribute_Definition: Date [YYYY-MM-DD] Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined. Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2004-06-11 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2005-11-01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude Attribute_Definition: Latitude of sample location Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined. Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 30.5017 Range_Domain_Maximum: 31.8459 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude Attribute_Definition: Longitude of sample location Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined. Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -79.6622 Range_Domain_Maximum: -77.6100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Radius Attribute_Definition: Radius of deep-sea coral specimen measured at basal attachment Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined. Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 6.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 44.9 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Depth Attribute_Definition: Water depth of deep-sea coral collection Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 516 Range_Domain_Maximum: 686 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Distance Attribute_Definition: Distance from outer edge of deep-sea coral sample as viewed in cross section Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 44920 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: microns Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Fraction Modern Attribute_Definition: Fraction modern is a measurement of the deviation of the delta-Carbon-14/delta-Carbon-12 ratio of a sample from modern carbon (Stuiver and Polach, 1977). Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Stuiver and Polach (1977) Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.6769 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.1350 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: unitless Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Fraction Modern (error) Attribute_Definition: Fraction modern (error) is a measurement of the deviation of the delta-Carbon-14/delta-Carbon-12 ratio of a sample from modern carbon (Stuiver and Polach, 1977). Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Stuiver and Polach (1977) Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0017 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.0048 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: unitless Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Conventional Radiocarbon Age Attribute_Definition: Conventional Radiocarbon Age calculated using the radiocarbon decay equation (Stuiver and Polach, 1977). >Modern indicates a fraction modern greater than 1 with Modern defined as 95% of the radiocarbon concentration in AD 1950 of National Bureau of Standards Oxalic Acid I. Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Stuiver and Polach (1977) Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 180 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3130 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: years Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 5 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Conventional Radiocarbon Age (error) Attribute_Definition: Standard error for Conventional Radiocarbon Age. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined. Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 15 Range_Domain_Maximum: 50 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: years Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: delta-C-13 Attribute_Definition: delta-C-13 is a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes Carbon-13:Carbon-12, reported in parts per thousand (per mil). Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in isotope chemistry Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -19.40 Range_Domain_Maximum: -14.82 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per thousand (per mil) Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: delta-C-14 Attribute_Definition: The relative difference between the absolute international standard (base year 1950) and sample activity corrected for age and delta-Carbon-13. Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Stuiver and Polach (1977) Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -327.64 Range_Domain_Maximum: 127.34 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per thousand (per mil) Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lab ID Attribute_Definition: Unique lab-specific ID from Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) facility Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: List of lab IDs Attribute: Attribute_Label: AMS Lab Attribute_Definition: Name of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) facility; NOSAMS=National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, CAMS=Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Beta Analytic=Beta Analytic Testing Laboratory Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined. Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: List of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) facilities as defined in the Attribute_Definition tag. Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the tab-delimited text file is a header line. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: These data are available in a comma-delimited text file (SEUS_DSC_Radiocarbon.csv) which contains results from AMS measurements on deep-sea corals collected along the southeastern United States (SEUS). Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: comma-delimited text Format_Version_Number: 14.7.7 Format_Information_Content: .csv file File_Decompression_Technique: none Transfer_Size: 13 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5f36d30982cee144fb3874bc Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PQ3Z5V Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link will begin a direct download of the data and metadata. The second link will take the user to the landing page for the data release. Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: These data can be viewed with any text editor software. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201102 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998