Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Joshua B. Logan Originator: Curt D. Storlazzi Publication_Date: 20220321 Title: Ground control point locations for the UAS survey of the coral reef off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, 24 June 2018 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9XZT1FK Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XZT1FK Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/61ba8bbad34e9e224ac12fb7 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Joshua B. Logan Originator: Curt D. Storlazzi Publication_Date: 2022 Title: Aerial imagery and structure-from-motion-derived shallow water bathymetry from a UAS survey of the coral reef off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, June 2018 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9XZT1FK Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XZT1FK Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/61943c39d34eb622f68f530c Description: Abstract: This portion of the data release presents the locations of the temporary ground control points (GCPs) used for the structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of the imagery collected during an unoccupied aerial system (UAS) survey of the coral reef off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, on 24 June 2018. Twenty temporary ground control points (GCPs) were distributed throughout the survey area to establish survey control. The GCPs consisted of: nine submerged targets consisting of small (80 centimeter X 80 centimeter) square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns anchored to the shallow (less than 1.5 meters deep) seafloor using 0.9 kilogram fishing weights; nine sub-aerial targets consisting of orange plastic five-gallon bucket lids (32 centimeter diameter) painted with a black “X” pattern and affixed in a horizontal orientation to vertical rebar stakes placed in areas of reef rubble to provide the targets with sufficient elevation to remain above the water surface; and two sub-aerial ground targets consisting of small (80 centimeter X 80 centimeter) square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns placed in the sand at the shoreline. The GCP positions were measured using post-processed kinematic (PPK) GPS, using corrections from a GPS base station (MK02) located approximately 1 kilometer from the study area. Reference coordinates for MK02 were established using the mean position derived from four static GPS occupations with durations greater than 4 hours submitted to the National Geodetic Survey Online Positioning User Service (NGS OPUS). The GCP positions are presented in a comma-delimited text file. Purpose: These data were collected to characterize the morphology and rugosity of the shallow fringing coral reef off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, as part of a larger USGS study of nearshore circulation and hydrodynamic properties of coral reefs. The point cloud can be used with geographic information systems (GIS) software or other three-dimensional analysis software for research purposes. Supplemental_Information: Additional information about the field activity from which these data were derived is available online at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-617-FA Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20180624 Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.15679 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.15388 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.09352 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.08451 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry and Elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: topography Theme_Keyword: topographic maps Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: geomorphology Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: image mosaics Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: structure from motion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: photography Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: aerial and satellite photography Theme_Keyword: altimetry Theme_Keyword: orthophotography Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: reef Theme_Keyword: fringing reef Theme_Keyword: coral reefs Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CHMRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme_Keyword: UAS Theme_Keyword: Unmanned aerial system Theme_Keyword: Structure-from-motion Theme_Keyword: SfM Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:61ba8bbad34e9e224ac12fb7 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: State of Hawaii Place_Keyword: Molokai Place_Keyword: Maui County Place_Keyword: Waiakane Place_Keyword: Kalohi Channel Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. This information is not intended for navigation purposes. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/61ba8bbad34e9e224ac12fb7?name=Waiakane_2018-06-24_GCP_browse.jpg&allowOpen=true Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Photographs showing examples of ground control points used for the UAS survey. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 10, Microsoft Excel, Notepad++ v 8.1.9.3, Trimble Access, Trimble Business Center. Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: GCP positions were measured using a survey-grade dual-frequency GPS receiver operating in post-processed-kinematic (PPK) mode. The GPS receiver was placed on a 2-meter fixed-height rod and set to occupy each GCP for a minimum occupation time of one minute. The PPK corrections were referenced to a GPS base station occupying a temporary benchmark (MK02) located approximately 1 kilometer away from the study area. Reference coordinates for MK02 were established using the mean position derived from four static GPS occupations with durations greater than 4 hours each submitted to the National Geodetic Survey Online Positioning User Service (NGS OPUS). The standard deviation of the four OPUS-derived horizontal positions was 0.004 meters. The mean reported horizontal precision of the PPK measurements was 0.015 meters, (standard deviation of 0.002). Due to the submerged position of some GCPs and well as the effects of wave and water motion during GCP placement and measuring, we estimate an additional 0.050 meters of uncertainty with these measurements. The sum of these independent estimated uncertainties in quadrature results in a total estimated horizontal uncertainty of 0.052 meters. Additional errors resulting from GCP disturbance by waves and currents during the survey are unknown. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: GCP positions were measured using a survey-grade dual-frequency GPS receiver operating in post-processed-kinematic (PPK) mode. The GPS receiver was placed on a 2-meter fixed-height rod and set to occupy each GCP for a minimum occupation time of one minute. The PPK corrections were referenced to a GPS base station occupying a temporary benchmark (MK02) located approximately 1 kilometer away from the study area. Reference coordinates for MK02 were established using the mean position derived from four static GPS occupations with durations greater than 4 hours each submitted to the National Geodetic Survey Online Positioning User Service (NGS OPUS). The standard deviation of the four OPUS-derived vertical positions was 0.008 meters. The mean reported vertical precision of the PPK measurements was 0.028 meters, (standard deviation of 0.006). Due to the submerged position of some GCPs and well as the effects of wave and water motion during GCP placement and measuring, we estimate an additional 0.050 meters of uncertainty with these measurements. The sum of these independent estimated uncertainties in quadrature results in a total estimated horizontal uncertainty of 0.057 meters. Additional errors resulting from GCP disturbance by waves and currents during the survey are unknown. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Survey control was established using twenty temporary ground control points (GCPs) distributed throughout the survey area. The GCPs were placed using a combination of kayaking, wading, and snorkeling. The GCPs consisted of: nine submerged targets consisting of small (80 centimeter X 80 centimeter) square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns anchored to the shallow (less than 1.5 meters deep) seafloor using 0.9 kilogram fishing weights; nine sub-aerial targets consisting of orange plastic five-gallon bucket lids (32 centimeter diameter) painted with a black “X” pattern and affixed in a horizontal orientation to vertical rebar stakes placed in areas of reef rubble to provide the targets with sufficient elevation to remain above the water surface during the survey; and two sub-aerial ground targets consisting of small (80 centimeter X 80 centimeter) square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns placed in the sand at the shoreline. Two of the submerged targets were disturbed by waves or currents during the survey and were not used for SfM processing. All GCP positions were measured using post-processed kinematic (PPK) GPS, using corrections from a GPS base station on a temporary benchmark (MK02) located approximately 1 kilometer away from the study area. Reference coordinates for MK02 were established using the mean position derived from four static GPS occupations with durations greater than 4 hours submitted to the National Geodetic Survey Online Positioning User Service (NGS OPUS). Process_Date: 20180624 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Joshua Logan Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7519 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jlogan@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 21 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 4 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -159.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: NAD83 (National Spatial Reference System PA11) (EPSG:6322) Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980 (EPSG:7019) Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: GRS 1980 Ellipsoid (EPSG:7019) Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition: Table containing attribute information associated with the dataset Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: pid Attribute_Definition: Point ID Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: A unique identification code for the point. Attribute: Attribute_Label: northing_utmz4_m Attribute_Definition: Northing coordinate of data point relative to the NAD83 (National Spatial Reference System PA11) datum, projected in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 4 North coordinate system, meters (EPSG:6634) Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2332953.915 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2333555.097 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: easting_utmz4_m Attribute_Definition: Easting coordinate of data point relative to the NAD83 (National Spatial Reference System PA11) datum, projected in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 4 North coordinate system, meters (EPSG:6634) Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 691572.329 Range_Domain_Maximum: 692112.683 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: ellipsoid_ht_m Attribute_Definition: Ellipsoid height in meters, referenced to the GRS 1980 ellipsoid (EPSG:7019). Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.995 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.959 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80225 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: The GCP locations are available in comma-delimited text format (Waiakane_2018-06-24_GCP.csv). Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: comma-delimited text Format_Version_Number: Notepad++ v 8.1.9.3 Format_Information_Content: The csv file contains coordinates of ground control point locations. File_Decompression_Technique: No compression applied Transfer_Size: 0.001 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/61ba8bbad34e9e224ac12fb7?name=Waiakane_2018-06-24_GCP.csv Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/61ba8bbad34e9e224ac12fb7 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XZT1FK Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first link is a direct link to the comma-delimited text file. The second link points to a landing page with the comma-delimited text file, metadata, and a browse image. The third link points to the landing page for the entire data release, including links to pages of the various data files. Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: The downloadable data file is available in comma-separated values (CSV) spreadsheet format. Text editing software can be used to open the file, as well as spreadsheet programs, such as Microsoft Excel. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20220321 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998