Pharmaceuticals and personal care products measured in passive samplers at seven coastal sites off West Maui during February and March 2017

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products measured in passive samplers at seven coastal sites off West Maui during February and March 2017
Abstract:
Passive membrane samplers—semipermeable membrane devices and polar organic chemical integrative samplers—were deployed for 22 continuous days at 7 sites along the West Maui, Hawai'i, coastline in February and March 2017 to assess organic contaminants at shallow coral reef ecosystems from diverse upstream inputs.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information about the field activity from which these data were derived is available online at:
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-611-FA
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Campbell, Pamela L., Prouty, Nancy G., and Storlazzi, Curt D., 20221003, Pharmaceuticals and personal care products measured in passive samplers at seven coastal sites off West Maui during February and March 2017: data release DOI:10.5066/P9ZFE0OP, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.693
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.608
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.015
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.806
  3. What does it look like?
    https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/62c70bf9d34eeb1417bb116b?name=Maui_PPCP_sample_locations.jpg (JPEG)
    Map of sampling sites on the island of Maui, Hawai’i
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 21-Feb-2017
    Ending_Date: 15-Mar-2017
    Currentness_Reference:
    range of dates when samples were collected
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (7)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.2572.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Attribute Table
    Table of data. nd=not detected. (Source: Producer Defined)
    location
    Name of the location in Maui where the passive membrane samplers were placed for 22 days. (Source: Producer Defined) Text descriptor of each sampling site.
    latitude
    Latitude of the sampling site in decimal degrees. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:20.806
    Maximum:21.015
    Units:decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.001
    longitude
    Longitude of the sampling site in decimal degrees. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-156.693
    Maximum:-156.608
    Units:decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.001
    deployment_depth_feet
    Depth of water in feet from the surface where the samplers were deployed. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5
    Maximum:25
    Units:feet
    Resolution:1
    water_depth_feet
    Water depth where the samplers were placed. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5
    Maximum:26
    Units:feet
    Resolution:1
    date_of_deployment
    Date of deployment of samplers. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:02/21/2017
    Maximum:02/22/2017
    Units:month/day/year
    Resolution:1
    time_of_deployment
    Time of deployment of samplers. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:09:29:00 AM
    Maximum:01:42:00 PM
    Units:hour:minutes:seconds AM/PM
    Resolution:1
    date_of_recovery
    Date of recovery of samplers. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3/14/2017
    Maximum:3/15/2017
    Units:day/month/year
    Resolution:1
    time_of_recovery
    Time of recovery of samplers. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:08:38:00 AM
    Maximum:12:03:00 PM
    Units:hour:minutes:seconds AM/PM
    Resolution:1
    lab_id
    The ID given to samples in the Organic Geochemistry Lab at the USGS PCMSC using year of intake and number sequentially entered in the lab. (Source: Producer Defined) Unique numeric sample identifier.
    Bisphenol_A_nanogram_per_sampler
    Concentration of Bisphenol a per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:2.1
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Triclosan nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of triclosan a per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:29.0
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Caffeine nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of caffeine per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:16.0
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Carbamazepine nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of Carbamazepine per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:23.0
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Galaxolide nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of galaxolide per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:58
    Maximum:320
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:1
    Meprobomate nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of meprobomate per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:9
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:1
    Oxybenzone nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of oxybenzone per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:20.0
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Phenytoin nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of phenytoin (Dilantin) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:2.6
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Primidone nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of primidone per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:4.4
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Quinoline nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of quinoline per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:1.2
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Sucralose nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of sucralose per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:120
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Sulfamethoxazole nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of sulfamethoxazole per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:1.7
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    TCEP nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of TCEP per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:2.9
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    TCPP nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of TCPP per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:33
    Maximum:160
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:1
    C11 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C11 (undecane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:14.2
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C12 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C12 (dodecane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:16.3
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C13 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C13 (tridecane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:54.6
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C14 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C14 (tetradecane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:10.4
    Maximum:49.7
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C15 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C15 (pentadecane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:46.0
    Maximum:63.3
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C16 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C16 (hexadecane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:18.2
    Maximum:33.2
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C17 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C17 (heptadecane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:21.0
    Maximum:33.6
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C18 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C18 (octadecane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:8.4
    Maximum:33.0
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C19 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C19 (nonadecane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:8.6
    Maximum:22.3
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C20 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C20 (eicosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5.9
    Maximum:10.4
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C21 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C21 (heneicosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:12.6
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C22 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C22 (docosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:7.4
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C23 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C23 (tricosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:12.8
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C24 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C24 (tetracosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:8.5
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C25 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C25 (pentacosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:15.6
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C26 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C26 (hexacosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:9.1
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C27 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C27 (heptacosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:15.5
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C28 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C28 (octacosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:nd
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C29 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C29 (nonacosane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:9.1
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C30 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C30 (triacontane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:nd
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    C31 nanogram per sampler
    Concentration of C31 (hentriacontane) per POCIS sampler; nd= not detected (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:nd
    Maximum:17.3
    Units:nanogram per membrane sampler
    Resolution:0.1
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the csv file is a header line.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Pamela L. Campbell
    • Nancy G. Prouty
    • Curt D. Storlazzi
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Miranda Baker extracted the n-alkane and sterol lipid components from the SPMD and ran these on the GC/MS. Weck Laboratories, Inc, measured pharmaceuticals, hormones, personal care products, PCBs, and pesticides.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-427-4747 (voice)
    pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

Data were obtained to assess stream runoff during the wet/rainy season in Maui to determine the extent of contamination by personal care products and pharmaceuticals reaching the fringing coral reef system off West Maui.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    EPA Method 1694 (source 1 of 2)
    Agency, Environmental Protection, 2007, Method 1694, Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Water, Soil, Sediment, and Biosolids by HPLC/MS/MS.: Environmental Protection Agency, online.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: online document
    Source_Contribution:
    Method 1694 is for determination of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in multi-media environmental samples by high performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). The method lists detection limits and quantitation levels of target analytes.
    EPA Method 608 (source 2 of 2)
    Agency, Environmental Protection, 1984, Method 608.1, The determination of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs.: Environmental Protection Agency, online.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: online document
    Source_Contribution:
    Method 608 is for determination of organochlorine pesticides by gas chromatography withan electron capture detector. The method lists detection limits and quantitation levels of target analytes.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 07-Dec-2017 (process 1 of 2)
    Polar Organic Integrated Sampler (POCISs) membranes were each extracted with 25 mL of methanol (Fisher Scientific, Inc., Optima grade) which was then evaporated to 2–3 mL by rotary evaporation, combined into a single sample for each site, and adjusted to a final volume in methanol of 1 mL. POCIS samples were analyzed by Weck Laboratories (City of Industry, California). A gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector was used to analyze samples for 27 chlorinated pesticides and 7 Aroclor PCB following the procedure in EPA Method 608. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry electron spray ionization was used to analyze samples for 34 PPCP, and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry atmospheric pressure chemical ionization was used to analyze for 9 hormones following procedures in EPA Method 1694 (Environmental Protection Agency, 2007). Person who carried out this activity:
    Chris Samatmanakit
    Weck Laboratories, Inc
    Project Manager
    14859 East Clark Avenue
    City of Industry, CA

    626-336-2139 (voice)
    626-336-2634 (FAX)
    www.wecklabs.com
    Date: 22-Mar-2017 (process 2 of 2)
    SPMD samples were analyzed for normal-alkanes and sterols following a micro-pipette column chromatography separation. The fractions were analyzed by splitless injection on an Agilent 6890 gas chromatograph interfaced to an Agilent 5973 mass spectrometer at the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Laboratories in Santa Cruz, California. The gas chromatograph oven program had an initial temperature of 90 degrees Celsius, which was held for 4 minutes before increasing 5 degrees C per minute to a final temperature of 310 degrees C. The final temperature was then maintained for 10 minutes. The capillary column (Agilent J&W, DB-5ms; 30-m length, 0.25-millimeter [mm] inner diameter with a 25-µm phase thickness) was directly interfaced to the ion source of the mass spectrometer. Compound identifications were made by comparison with known standards and /or published reference spectra. Person who carried out this activity:
    Miranda Baker
    U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Chemist
    2885 Mission St.
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-460-7414 (voice)
    mcbaker@usgs.com
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Swarzenski, Pamela L., Prouty, Nancy G., and Storlazzi, Curt D., 2022, Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in passive samplers at seven coastal sites off West Maui, Hawaiʻi.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Campbell, P.L., Prouty, N.G., and Storlazzi, C.D., 2022, Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in passive samplers at seven coastal sites off West Maui, Hawaiʻi: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2022-1065, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221065.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Blanks were run with each class of compounds for pharmaceuticals, hormones, personal care products, PCBs, and pesticides. Surrogate recovery for the pharmaceuticals, hormones, personal care products, PCBs, and pesticides ranged from 72 to 94 percent. Extraction and field blanks were analyzed for all compounds in both SPMD and POCIS and data were corrected if necessary.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Garmin handheld GPS reported a horizontal accuracy of +/- 3.0 meters.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? These data are available in csv format (Maui_PPCP_data.csv) and are accompanied by CSDGM FGDC compliant metadata.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data can be viewed with any text reader.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 03-Oct-2022
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/pcmsc/DataReleases/ScienceBase/DR_P9ZFE0OP/Maui_PPCP_metadata.faq.html>
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