Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Peter Dartnell Originator: Rikk G. Kvitek Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Backscatter C [7125]--Drakes Bay and Vicinity, California Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: GeoTiff Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 781 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds781 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/DrakesBay/data_catalog_DrakesBay.html Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/DrakesBay/data/BackscatterC_7125_DrakesBay.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nadine E. Golden Publication_Date: 2013 Title: California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 781 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds781 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/DrakesBay/data_catalog_DrakesBay.html Description: Abstract: This part of DS 781 presents data for the acoustic-backscatter map of Drakes bay and Vicinity map area, California. Backscatter data are provided as separate grids depending on mapping system or processing method. The raster data file is included in "BackscatterC_7125_DrakesBay.zip", which is accessible from https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/DrakesBay/data_catalog_DrakesBay.html. The acoustic-backscatter map of Drakes Bay and Vicinity map area, California, was generated from backscatter collected by California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB), and by Fugro Pelagos. Mapping was completed between 2007 and 2010, using a combination of 200-kHz and 400-kHz Reson 7125, and 244-kHz Reson 8101 multibeam echosounders, as well as 468-kHz SEA SWATHPlus interferometric system. These mapping missions combined to collect backscatter data from about the 10-m isobath to beyond the 3-nautical-mile limit of California's State Waters. Within the acoustic-backscatter imagery, brighter tones indicate higher backscatter intensity, and darker tones indicate lower backscatter intensity. The intensity represents a complex interaction between the acoustic pulse and the seafloor, as well as characteristics within the shallow subsurface, providing a general indication of seafloor texture and composition. Backscatter intensity depends on the acoustic source level; the frequency used to image the seafloor; the grazing angle; the composition and character of the seafloor, including grain size, water content, bulk density, and seafloor roughness; and some biological cover. Harder and rougher bottom types such as rocky outcrops or coarse sediment typically return stronger intensities (high backscatter, lighter tones), whereas softer bottom types such as fine sediment return weaker intensities (low backscatter, darker tones). These data are not intended for navigational purposes. Purpose: These data are intended for science researchers, students, policy makers, and the general public. These data can be used with geographic information systems or other software to identify seafloor features. Supplemental_Information: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in Esri format, this metadata file may include some Esri-specific terminology. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2007 Ending_Date: 2010 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.97 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.76 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.04 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.88 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:1f9ff03a-6d39-4ec1-a63b-92633d277cb0 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: Acoustic Reflectivity Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: distributions Theme_Keyword: physical habitats and geomorphology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: seabed Theme_Keyword: multibeam echo sounder Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: sonar methods Theme_Keyword: image mosaics Theme_Keyword: interferometric sonar Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics Theme_Keyword: sea-floor acoustic reflectivity Theme_Keyword: maps and atlases Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Theme_Keyword: Marine Nearshore Subtidal Theme_Keyword: Marine Offshore Subtidal Theme_Keyword: Transform Continental Margin Theme_Keyword: Continental/Island Shelf Theme_Keyword: Rock Substrate Theme_Keyword: Unconsolidated Mineral Substrate Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Pacific Ocean Place_Keyword: State of California Place_Keyword: Drakes Bay Place_Keyword: Marin County Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Place_Keyword: Northern California Ecoregion Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Stratum_Keyword: Substrate Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. This information is not intended for navigation purposes. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/DrakesBay/images/BackscatterC_7125_DrakesBay.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Acoustic backscatter imagery of Drakes Bay and Vicinity. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Janet T. Watt Originator: Peter Dartnell Originator: Nadine E. Golden Originator: H. Gary Greene Originator: Mercedes E. Erdey Originator: Guy R. Cochrane Originator: Samuel Y. Johnson Originator: Stephen R. Hartwell Originator: Rikk G. Kvitek Originator: Michael W. Manson Originator: Charles A. Endris Originator: Bryan E. Dieter Originator: Ray W. Sliter Originator: Lisa M. Krigsman Originator: Erik N. Lowe Originator: John L. Chin Publication_Date: 2018 Title: California State Waters Map Series--Drakes Bay and Vicinity, California Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: pamphlet and map sheets Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2015-1041 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151041 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Not applicable for raster data. Logical_Consistency_Report: Unspecified Completeness_Report: Complete Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Estimated to be no less than 2 m, owing to water depth and total propagated uncertainties of the mapping systems, which include sonar system, position and motion compensation system, and navigation, as well as data processing that includes sounding cleaning, gridding, and datum transformations. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Not Applicable Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: During the Fugro Pelagos and CSUMB mapping missions, an Applanix Position and Motion Compensation System for Marine Vessels (POS/MV, 320, v4) was used to accurately position the vessels during data collection, and it also accounted for vessels' motion such as heave, pitch, and roll (position accuracy, ±2 m; pitch, roll, and heading accuracy, ±0.02; heave accuracy, ±5%, or 5 cm). KGPS altitude data (Fugro Pelagos, StarFix HP & XP units; CSUMB, NavCom 2050) were used to account for tide cycle fluctuations and sound velocity profiles were collected with an Applied Microsystems SVPlus sound velocimeter. Soundings were corrected for vessel motion using the Applanix POS/MV data, for variations in water-column sound velocity using the AM SVPlus data, and for variations in water height (tides) using vertical-position data from the KGPS receivers. The multibeam backscatter data then were processed using Geocoder (Fugro Pelagos Modified Test Release 16) or Geocoder within Caris HIPS and SIPS. Within Geocoder, the backscatter intensities were radiometrically corrected (including despeckling and angle-varying gain adjustments), and the position of each acoustic sample was geometrically corrected for slant range. This processed imagery was stored as Georeferenced, Backscatter Rasters (GeoBARs). After GeoBARs were created for each line, they were mosaicked into 1m resolution images. Overlap between parallel lines was resolved using a priority table based on the distance of each sample from the ship track, with samples closest to- and furthest from- the ship track given the lowest priority. An anti-aliasing algorithm was also applied. The SWATHPlus backscatter data were processed using SXPTools v 2.0 (David Finlayson, USGS) and SEA Grid Processor v 3.02.19.0. SXPTools is a collection of command line programs that are used to enhance the quality of SEA SWATHplus interferometric sidescan sonar data. The programs are primarily focused on enhancing the backscatter quality, but there is some benefit to the bathymetry as well. The SXPTools sxpegn command was used to equalize the backscatter amplitude, and the sxpmagic command was used to help fill gaps and remove artifacts near nadir. After processing with SXPTools, lines were imported into Grid Processor and mosaicked into a 1m resolution image georeferenced to UTM Zone 10 N, NAD_83(CORS96). The mosaic image for each survey block was exported as a GeoJpeg from Grid Processor and converted to GeoTiff using Adobe Photoshop or GIMP. In some cases memory limitations in Grid Processor required tiling a block mosaic into 2 or more sub-mosaics. Process_Date: 2010 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Carrie Bretz Contact_Organization: Seafloor Mapping Lab, California State University Monterey Bay Contact_Position: Projects Manager, GIS; Metadata Supervisor Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 100 Campus Center, Bldg 13 City: Seaside State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 93955 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 582-4197 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: carrie_bretz@csumb.edu Process_Step: Process_Description: California Seafloor Mapping Project 1- and 2-m resolution backscatter imagery within this map were downloaded from California State University, Monterey Bay, Seafloor Mapping Lab (http://seafloor.csumb.edu/SFMLwebDATA.htm) and converted to grids. Backscatter grids of similar mapping systems were merged in a GIS and clipped to the boundary of the map area. Grids from different mapping systems were not merged together due to different mapping frequencies and processing techniques. Grids were projected horizontally to WGS-84 using ESRI ArcTools. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Step: Process_Description: Added Distribution_Information section to metadata to facilitate data download. Process_Date: 20171005 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. Process_Date: 20171005 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords from Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) to metadata. Process_Date: 20180426 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Metadata was modified to bring up to current USGS PCMSC standards. USGS Thesaurus and keywords were added, and Process Steps were refined. Minor typos were corrected. No data information was changed. Process_Date: 20180510 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Susan A Cochran Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Information for accompanying Open-File Report added to Abstract and Cross Reference sections. Point of Contact information was updated. Details about different Network Resource Name links was given in the Access Instructions section. Phone number for Metadata Contact was corrected. No data information was changed. Process_Date: 20180907 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Susan A Cochran Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission St. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20201019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 8905 Column_Count: 8900 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 10 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.00000 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.00 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 2.0 Ordinate_Resolution: 2.0 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS84 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.00 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The merged Reson 8101 acoustic-backscatter grid was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8905 >Number of columns = 8900 > >Data type = unsigned integer > >Boundary >Xmin = 502900 >Xmax = 520700 >Ymin = 4192300 >Ymax = 4210110 > >Statistics >Minimum value = 1 >Maximum value = 254 >Mean = 124.62 >Standard deviation = 23.47 > >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter The merged Reson 7125 acoustic-backscatter grid was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8905 >Number of columns = 8900 > >Data type = unsigned integer > >Boundary >Xmin = 502900 >Xmax = 520700 >Ymin = 4192448 >Ymax = 4210110 > >Statistics >Minimum value = 0 >Maximum value = 224 >Mean = 114.39 >Standard deviation = 26.88 > >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter The merged SWATHPlus acoustic-backscatter grid was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8905 >Number of columns = 8900 > >Data type = unsigned integer > >Boundary >Xmin = 502900 >Xmax = 520700 >Ymin = 4192300 >Ymax = 4210110 > >Statistics >Minimum value = 23 >Maximum value = 254 >Mean = 131.58 >Standard deviation = 29.45 > >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 345 Middlefield Rd City: Menlo Park State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 94025-3561 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-4309 Resource_Description: The .zip file (https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/DrakesBay/data/BackscatterC_7125_DrakesBay.zip) includes the .tfw, .tif, .tif.aux.xml, and .tif.ovr, files, as well as FGDC-compliant metadata for the BackscatterC_7125 data layer in the Drakes Bay and Vicinity region of California. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTiff Format_Version_Number: ArcMap (version 10.0, ESRI, 2011) Format_Specification: Raster data layer is registered TIFF image in the UTM Zone 10 coordinate system. Format_Information_Content: The .zip file for the TIFF image includes the image (.tif), the world registration file (.tfw), and FGDC-compliant metadata. File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip Transfer_Size: 0.3 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/DrakesBay/data/BackscatterC_7125_DrakesBay.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/DrakesBay/data_catalog_DrakesBay.html Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds781 Access_Instructions: The first link will begin a direct download of the data. The second link is a landing page on which all of the downloadable data for a particular region are listed. The third link is a landing page for the entire data catalog. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: The downloadable data file has been compressed with the "zip" command and can be unzipped with Winzip (or other tool) on Windows systems. To utilize these data, the user must have software capable of uncompressing the WinZip file and importing and viewing an Esri ArcMap TIFF. Users should download the ArcGIS Project File, DrakesBayGIS.mxd.zip, a compressed (with the "zip" command) version of the ArcMap document (.mxd) that has all the data layers loaded in the table of contents for “Drakes Bay and Vicinity“ and has all the data symbolized as on the map sheets. Download and save this ArcGIS project file, including all data layers, to the directory the user has created for this GIS. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201019 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time