Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Peter Dartnell Originator: Mercedes D. Erdey Originator: Rikk G. Kvitek Originator: Carrie K. Bretz Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Backscatter B [8101]--Offshore of San Francisco, California Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: GeoTiff Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 781 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSanFrancisco/data_catalog_OffshoreSanFrancisco.html Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds781 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nadine E. Golden Publication_Date: 2013 Title: California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 781 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds781 Description: Abstract: This part of DS 781 presents data for the acoustic-backscatter map of the Offshore of San Francisco map area, California. Backscatter data are provided as separate grids depending on mapping system used and processing techniques. The raster data file is included in "BackscatterB_8101_2007_OffshoreSanFrancisco.zip," which is accessible from https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSanFrancisco/data_catalog_OffshoreSanFrancisco.html. These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Johnson, S.Y., Dartnell, P., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D., Golden, N.E., Hartwell, S.R., Endris, C.A., Manson, M.W., Sliter, R.W., Kvitek, R.G., Watt, J.T., Ross, S.L., and Bruns, T.R. (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2015, California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of San Francisco, California (ver. 1.1, June 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1068, pamphlet 39 p., 10 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151068. The acoustic-backscatter map of the Offshore of San Francisco Map Area, California was generated from backscatter data collected by Fugro Pelagos and by California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB). Mapping was completed between 2004 and 2008, using a combination of 400-kHz Reson 7125 and 244-kHz Reson 8101 multibeam echosounders. Within the final imagery, brighter tones indicate higher backscatter intensity, and darker tones indicate lower backscatter intensity. The intensity represents a complex interaction between the acoustic pulse and the seafloor, as well as characteristics within the shallow subsurface, providing a general indication of seafloor texture and composition. Backscatter intensity depends on the acoustic source level; the frequency used to image the seafloor; the grazing angle; the composition and character of the seafloor, including grain size, water content, bulk density, and seafloor roughness; and some biological cover. Harder and rougher bottom types such as rocky outcrops or coarse sediment typically return stronger intensities (high backscatter, lighter tones), whereas softer bottom types such as fine sediment return weaker intensities (low backscatter, darker tones). Purpose: These data are intended for science researchers, students, policy makers, and the general public. These data can be used with geographic information systems or other software. These data are not intended to be used for navigation. Supplemental_Information: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in Esri format, this metadata file may include some Esri-specific terminology. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2004 Ending_Date: 2008 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.62 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.42 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.86 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.70 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:dc703bd5-76bb-40ca-9c34-c4d63db2c53a Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: Acoustic Reflectivity Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: distributions Theme_Keyword: physical habitats and geomorphology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: seabed Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: sonar methods Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar Theme_Keyword: image mosaics Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics Theme_Keyword: sea-floor acoustic reflectivity Theme_Keyword: maps and atlases Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Theme_Keyword: Marine Nearshore Subtidal Theme_Keyword: Marine Offshore Subtidal Theme_Keyword: Transform Continental Margin Theme_Keyword: Continental/Island Shelf Theme_Keyword: Rock Substrate Theme_Keyword: Unconsolidated Mineral Substrate Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: San Francisco Place_Keyword: State of California Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Place_Keyword: Northern California Ecoregion Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Stratum_Keyword: Substrate Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey and California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB) as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. This information is not intended for navigation purposes. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSanFrancisco/images/BackscatterB_8101_2007_OffshoreSanFrancisco.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Acoustic backscatter imagery of Offshore San Francisco map area. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 10.0 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Guy R. Cochrane Originator: Samuel Y. Johnson Originator: Peter Dartnell Originator: H. Gary Greene Originator: Mercedes E. Erdey Originator: Nadine E. Golden Originator: Stephen R. Hartwell Originator: Charles A. Endris Originator: Michael W. Manson Originator: Ray W. Sliter Originator: Rikk G. Kvitek Originator: Janet T. Watt Originator: Stephanie L. Ross Originator: Terry R. Bruns Publication_Date: 2018 Title: California State Waters Map Series--Offshore of San Francisco, California Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: pamphlet and map sheets Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2015-1068 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151068 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Not applicable for raster data. Logical_Consistency_Report: Unspecified Completeness_Report: Complete Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Estimated to be no less than 2 m, owing to water depth and total propagated uncertainties of the mapping systems, which include sonar system, position and motion compensation system, and navigation, as well as data processing that includes sounding cleaning, gridding, and datum transformations. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Not applicable to acoustic-backscatter imagery. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: During the mapping missions, an Applanix position and motion compensation system (POS/MV) was used to accurately position the vessel during data collection, and it also accounted for vessel motion such as heave, pitch, and roll (position accuracy, +/-2 m; pitch, roll, and heading accuracy, +/-0.02 degress; heave accuracy, +/-5 percent, or 5 cm). KGPS altitude data (Fugro Pelagos, StarFix HP & XP units; CSUMB, NavCom 2050) were used to account for tide cycle fluctuations and sound velocity profiles were collected with an Applied Microsystems SVPlus sound velocimeter. Soundings were corrected for vessel motion using the Applanix POS/MV data, for variations in water-column sound velocity using the AM SVPlus data, and for variations in water height (tides) using vertical-position data from the KGPS receivers. Backscatter data were processed using Geocoder in both Fugro Pelagos Modified Test Release 16 and Caris HIPS/SIPS versions. Within Geocoder, geobars were created using both the beam averaging and time series engines. Intensities were radiometrically corrected (including despeckling and angle varying gain adjustments) and the position of each acoustic sample was geometrically corrected for slant-range on a line-by-line basis. The contrast and brightness of some geobars were adjusted to better match the surrounding geobars. Individual geobars were mosaicked together at 1- and 2-m resolution using the auto seam method. The mosaics were then exported as georeferenced TIFF images, imported into a GIS, and converted to GRIDS at 2-m resolution. Process_Date: 2008 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Carrie Bretz Contact_Organization: Seafloor Mapping Lab, California State University Monterey Bay Contact_Position: Projects Manager, GIS & Metadata Supervisor Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 100 Campus Center, Bldg 13 City: Seaside State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 93955 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 582-4197 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: carrie_bretz@csumb.edu Process_Step: Process_Description: California Seafloor Mapping Project 1- and 2-m resolution backscatter imagery (CSMP survey blocks CC-00, CC-01, and SF West Bay) within this map were downloaded from California State University, Monterey Bay, Seafloor Mapping Lab (http://seafloor.csumb.edu/SFMLwebDATA.htm) and converted to grids. USGS also received original 2004 and 2005 CSUMB San Fancisco Mouth Caris project files and original mapping line files. Backscatter data were reprocessed using the Caris HIPS/SIPS version of Geocoder similar to the method described in the Processing Step above. Backscatter grids of similar mapping systems were merged in a GIS and clipped to the boundary of the map area. Grids from different mapping systems were not merged together due to different mapping frequencies and processing techniques. Process_Date: 2010 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Pete Dartnell Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Physical Scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission St. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 460-7415 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pdartnell@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added Distribution_Information section to metadata to facilitate data download. Process_Date: 20171005 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. Process_Date: 20171005 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords from Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) to metadata. Process_Date: 20180426 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20201019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Metadata was modified to bring up to current USGS PCMSC standards. USGS Thesaurus and keywords were added, information for accompanying Open-File Report added to Abstract and Cross Reference sections, Point of Contact and Metadata Contact information was updated, and Process Steps were refined. Information about the data available for download and different Network Resource Name links and details were given in the Standard Order Process section. Minor typos were corrected. No data information was changed. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Users are advised to compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Process_Date: 20230217 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Susan A Cochran Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (831) 460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 10 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -123.00000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.00000 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.00 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 2.0 Ordinate_Resolution: 2.0 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS84 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.00 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The merged CSUMB 2004, 2005, Mouth of San Francisco Bay, Reson 8101 backscatter data that was re-processed by the USGS in 2010 was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8845 >Number of columns = 8850 >Data type = floating point >Boundary >Xmin = 533700 >Xmax = 551400 >Ymin = 4172360 >Ymax = 4190050 >Statistics >Minimum value = 2 >Maximum value = 255 >Mean = 152.87 >Standard deviation = 24.94 >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter The 2007 Reson 8101 acoustic-backscatter grid was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8845 >Number of columns = 8850 >Data type = floating point >Boundary >Xmin = 533700 >Xmax = 551400 >Ymin = 4172360 >Ymax = 4190050 >Statistics >Minimum value = 39 >Maximum value = 254 >Mean = 108.43 >Standard deviation = 22.19 >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter The 2008 Reson 8101 acoustic-backscatter grid within San Francisco Bay was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8845 >Number of columns = 8850 >Data type = floating point >Boundary >Xmin = 533700 >Xmax = 551400 >Ymin = 4172360 >Ymax = 4190050 >Statistics >Minimum value = 1 >Maximum value = 254 >Mean = 159.38 >Standard deviation = 48.60 >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter The 2006 Reson 7125 acoustic-backscatter grid was originally archived as an ESRI grid with the following attributes: >Cell size = 2.0 >Number of rows = 8845 >Number of columns = 8850 >Data type = floating point >Boundary >Xmin = 533700 >Xmax = 551400 >Ymin = 4172360 >Ymax = 4190050 >Statistics >Minimum value = 2 >Maximum value = 254 >Mean = 154.52 >Standard deviation = 25.03 >Coordinate system description >Projection UTM >Zone 10 >Datum WGS84 >Units meter Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 345 Middlefield Rd City: Menlo Park State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 94025-3561 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-4309 Resource_Description: The .zip file (https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSanFrancisco/data/BackscatterB_8101_2007_OffshoreSanFrancisco.zip) includes the .tfw, .tif, .tif.aux.xml, and .tif.ovr, files, as well as FGDC-compliant metadata for the BackscatterB_8101_2007 data layer in the Offshore of San Francisco map area of California. Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTiff Format_Version_Number: ArcMap (version 10.0, ESRI, 2011) Format_Specification: Raster data layer is registered TIFF image in the UTM Zone 10 coordinate system. Format_Information_Content: The .zip file for the TIFF image includes the image (.tif), the world registration file (.tfw), and FGDC-compliant metadata. File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip Transfer_Size: 3.4 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSanFrancisco/data/BackscatterB_8101_2007_OffshoreSanFrancisco.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSanFrancisco/data_catalog_OffshoreSanFrancisco.html Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds781 Access_Instructions: The first link will begin a direct download of the data. The second link is a landing page on which all of the downloadable data for a particular region are listed. The third link is a landing page for the entire data catalog. Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20230217 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time