Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 4.3 transects with end-point rate calculations for exposed shorelines between the Colville River Delta and Point Barrow for the time period 1947 to 2005 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2015-1030 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz and Menlo Park, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1030/downloads/WestBeaufort_exposed_transects.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Publication_Date: 2015 Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change: A GIS Compilation of Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for the North Coast of Alaska, U.S.-Canadian Border to Icy Cape Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2015-1030 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1030/ Description: Abstract: The Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska is an area of strategic economic importance to the United States, is home to remote Native American communities, and encompasses unique habitats of global significance. Coastal erosion along the north coast of Alaska is chronic, widespread, may be accelerating, and is threatening defense and energy-related infrastructure, natural shoreline habitats, and Native communities. There is an increased demand for accurate information regarding past and present shoreline changes across the United States. To meet these national needs, the Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is compiling existing reliable historical shoreline data along sandy shores of the conterminous United States and parts of Alaska and Hawaii under the National Assessment of Shoreline Change project. There is no widely accepted standard for analyzing shoreline change. Existing shoreline data measurements and rate calculation methods vary from study to study and prevent combining results into state-wide or regional assessments. The impetus behind the National Assessment project was to develop a standardized method of measuring changes in shoreline position that is consistent from coast to coast. The goal was to facilitate the process of periodically and systematically updating the results in an internally consistent manner. Purpose: This dataset consists of shoreline change rates for the north coast of Alaska between the Colville River Delta and Point Barrow. Rate calculations were computed within a GIS using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 4.3, an ArcGIS extension developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Rates of shoreline change were calculated using an end-point rate method based on shorelines between 1947 and 2005 to provide an approximately 58-yr rate. A reference baseline was used as the originating point for the orthogonal transects cast by the DSAS software. The transects intersect each shoreline establishing measurement points, which are then used to calculate change rates. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1947 Ending_Date: 2005 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.479698147 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -151.368089691 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 71.3906174804 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.4103856329 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:e80b71db-be51-40d1-a1d4-db2c40fd9acb Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Shoreline Theme_Keyword: Historic Shoreline Theme_Keyword: Shoreline Change Rate Theme_Keyword: Erosion Theme_Keyword: Accretion Theme_Keyword: End-point Rate Theme_Keyword: Baseline Theme_Keyword: Transect Theme_Keyword: Digital Shoreline Analysis System Theme_Keyword: DSAS Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: PCMSC Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords Theme_Keyword: effects of coastal change Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: shoreline accretion Theme_Keyword: shoreline erosion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: erosion Theme_Keyword: shoreline accretion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Theme_Keyword: Continental/Island Shore Complex Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: North Slope Place_Keyword: Beaufort Sea Place_Keyword: Barrow Place_Keyword: Demarcation Bay Place_Keyword: Jago River Place_Keyword: Staines River Place_Keyword: Sagavanirktok River Place_Keyword: Colville River Place_Keyword: Cape Halkett Place_Keyword: Harrison Bay Place_Keyword: Drew Point Place_Keyword: Tangent Point Place_Keyword: Smith Bay Place_Keyword: Elson Lagoon Place_Keyword: Peard Bay Place_Keyword: Alaska Place_Keyword: Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Arctic Place_Keyword: National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska Place_Keyword: NPR-A Place_Keyword: ANWR Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Place_Keyword: Beaufort Sea Continental Coast and Shelf Ecoregion Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Stratum_Keyword: Substrate Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: This information is not intended for navigational purposes. Read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to data use. Uses of these data should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Where these data are used in combination with other data of different resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lowest resolution of all the data. Acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey in products derived from these data. Share data products developed using these data with the U.S. Geological Survey. This database has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document these data in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcInfo format, this metadata file may include some ArcInfo-specific terminology. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Ann E. Gibbs Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 400 Natural Bridges Dr. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7540 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: agibbs@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 10.1 (Build 3035) Service Pack 1 (Build 3143) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ann E. Gibbs Originator: Bruce M. Richmond Publication_Date: 2015 Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Historical Shoreline Change along the North Coast of Alaska, U.S.-Canadian Border to Icy Cape Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2015-1030 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Santa Cruz, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1030/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: E.R. Thieler Originator: E.A. Himmelstoss Originator: J.L. Zichichi Originator: A. Ergul Publication_Date: 2009 Title: Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 4.0 - An ArcGIS extension for calculating shoreline change Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2008-1278 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Other_Citation_Details: Current version at time of use was 4.3 Online_Linkage: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/dsas/ Online_Linkage: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/dsas/version4/index.html Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The attributes of this dataset are based on the field requirements of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System and were automatically generated by the software during the generation of the transect layer or during the calculation of shoreline change rates performed by the software. Logical_Consistency_Report: These data were generated using DSAS v4.3, an automated software program which does not perform checks for fidelity of the input features. The transects were visually inspected and sometimes manually adjusted within a standard ArcMap edit session to adjust the position at which an individual transect intersected the shorelines. Completeness_Report: This dataset contains the transects automatically generated by the DSAS software application that were used to calculate shoreline change rates along sections of the north coast of Alaska, between the U.S.-Canadian border and Icy Cape, where shoreline position data were available. Additional transects may have been generated but did not intersect the shoreline dates specified. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has either not been conducted, or is not applicable. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Transect Features Generated using DSAS v4.2 in ArcMap v9.3. Parameters Used: baseline layer=UTMX_Baseline, transect spacing=50 meters, transect length=500m, cast direction=onshore, baseline location=offshore, cast method=smoothed, smoothing distance=50 meters. For additional details on these parameters, please see the DSAS help file distributed with the DSAS software, or visit the USGS website at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1278/ Process_Date: 2012 Process_Step: Process_Description: Some transects did not intersect all shorelines at the default transect length. These transects were manually lengthened in an edit session using standard editing tools in ArcMap v10.1. Some transects intersected the shorelines at an oblique angle. These transects were manually adjusted to a more shore-normal position in an edit session using standard editing tools in ArcMap v9.3. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Step: Process_Description: Rate calculations performed in DSAS v4.3 using ArcMap v10.1 on selected shoreline features. Parameters Used: shoreline layer= Shorelines_WestBeaufort, shoreline date field=DATE_, shoreline uncertainty field name=Uncy, the default accuracy= 0 meters, shoreline intersection parameters=nearest, stats calculations=[End Point Rate (EPR)], shoreline threshold=2, confidence interval=90%, Output rate table name= Transects_WestBeaufort_Exposed_rates_20141008_174231 Process_Date: 20141008 Process_Step: Process_Description: Shoreline rates table (Transects_WestBeaufort_Exposed_rates_20141008_174231) was joined to the transect feature class in ArcMap v10.1 by right-clicking on the transect layer > joins and relates > join > join attributes from a table. Parameters: join field - ObjectID; table to join - Transects_WestBeaufort_Exposed_rates_20141008_174231; field in table: TransectID; join options - keep only matching records. Process_Date: 20141008 Process_Step: Process_Description: The joined transect feature class was exported to a shapefile in ArcMap v10.1 by right-clicking the transect layer > data > export data, permanently linking the joined rate fields to the transect attribute table. Process_Date: 20141008 Process_Step: Process_Description: The exported transect shapefile was projected in Esri's ArcToolbox (v.10.1) > Data Management Tools > Projections and Transformations > Feature > Project. Parameters: input projection - UTM zone XN (NAD83; where X is the corresponding UTM Zone); output projection - geographic coordinates (WGS84); transformation = WGS_1984_(ITRF00)_To_NAD_1983. Process_Date: 20141008 Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. Process_Date: 20170207 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords from Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) to metadata. Process_Date: 20180426 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20201019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4885 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0196079328 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0574516050 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal seconds Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition: Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: OBJECTID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number generated for each row of the transect attribute table when stored as a feature class in a geodatabase. This value is the common attribute field when joining to the TransectID value in short-term results output table calculated by DSAS. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5781 Attribute: Attribute_Label: BaselineID Attribute_Definition: Unique identification number of the baseline segment. If BaselineID=0 no transects will be generated. Used by DSAS to determine transect ordering alongshore if multiple baseline segments exist. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 42 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Group_ Attribute_Definition: Region ID as defined in Gibbs and Richmond (Cross referenced in this report) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 5 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Colville River to Cape Halkett Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 6 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Cape Halkett to Drew Point Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer definedAttribute_Domain_Values: Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 7 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Drew Point to Dease Inlet Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 8 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Dease Inlet to Barrow Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: TransOrder Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS based on ordering of transects along the baseline. Used to allow user to sort transect data along the baseline from baseline start to baseline end. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5569 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ProcTime Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the date and time a transect was processed. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Unknown Attribute: Attribute_Label: Autogen Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS to indicate whether or not a transect was automatically created by DSAS (1= transect was auto generated by DSAS; blank or 0=transect was not auto-generated). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unknown Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Transect was auto generated by DSAS Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: StartX Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the X coordinate of the beginning of the transect in meter units Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 376176.89 Range_Domain_Maximum: 561048.05 Attribute: Attribute_Label: StartY Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the Y coordinate of the beginning of the transect in meter units Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 7812919.54 Range_Domain_Maximum: 7924526.47 Attribute: Attribute_Label: EndX Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the X coordinate of the end of the transect in meter units Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 376094.37 Range_Domain_Maximum: 560760.75 Attribute: Attribute_Label: EndY Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the Y coordinate of the end of the transect in meter units Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 7812450.55 Range_Domain_Maximum: 7923970.79 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Azimuth Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS to record the azimuth of the transect measure in degrees clockwise from North. When zero, transect was manually created by user. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.54 Range_Domain_Maximum: 359.79 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ShoreType Attribute_Definition: User defined shoreline type Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Exposed Barrier Island Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unknown Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Exposed Barrier Spit Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unknown Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Exposed Mainland Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unknown Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape_Leng Attribute_Definition: Unknown Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 170.750939834 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1517.20006241 Attribute: Attribute_Label: TransectId Attribute_Definition: Same value as ObjectID. Used as a permanent and unique identification number for each transect in the output rates table calculated by DSAS. This attribute was used as the common field when joining the rates table (.dbf) to the transect feature class in a geodatabase. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5781 Attribute: Attribute_Label: EPR Attribute_Definition: The end point rate is calculated by dividing the distance of shoreline movement by the time elapsed between the two shorelines. The rate is reported in meters per year with positive values indicating accretion and negative values indicating erosion. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -18.64 Range_Domain_Maximum: 7.27 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters per year Attribute: Attribute_Label: ECI Attribute_Definition: Describes the uncertainty of the reported end point rate in meters. The shoreline uncertainties for the two positions used in the end point calculation are each squared, then added together (summation of squares). The square root of the summation of squares is divided by the number of years between the two shorelines. This result is reported as the confidence of the end point rate calculation (ECI). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.295 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.311 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: All calculations for length are in meter units and were based on the coincident UTM zone WGS84 Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Unknown Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 400 Natural Bridges Dr. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7540 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Resource_Description: WestBeaufort_exposed_transects.shp Distribution_Liability: This information is not intended for navigational purposes. This database has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: vector digital data Format_Version_Number: 9.0 Format_Specification: Esri polyline shapefile Format_Information_Content: This WinZip file contains a shapefile of transects generated by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System including short-term rate calculations for the Alaska North Coast region from the U.S.-Canadian border to Icy Cape. File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip or pkUnzip Transfer_Size: 0.382 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1030/downloads/WestBeaufort_exposed_transects.zip Access_Instructions: Data are downloadable via the World Wide Web (WWW). Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: This zip file contains data available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) polyline shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from Esri at www.esri.com. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201019 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Ann E. Gibbs Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 400 Natural Bridges Dr. City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7540 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: agibbs@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time