Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Muriel S. Grim Originator: Thomas E. Chase Originator: Florence L. Wong Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Bathymetric contours of the continental margin offshore of Washington, Oregon, and California based on data available in the late 1980s. Edition: 1 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz and Menlo Park, CA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Florence L. Wong Originator: Muriel S. Grim Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Depth-to-basement, sediment-thickness, and bathymetry data for the Deep-Sea Basins offshore of Washington, Oregon, and California Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2015-1118 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1118 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151118 Description: Abstract: Bathymetric contours (contour interval 100 m) of the continental margin offshore of Washington, Oregon, and California (cowbat) were compiled from various sources available in the late 1980s and used to construct 1:1,000,000-scale maps (Chase and others, 1992a, 1992b; Grim and others, 1992). The contours range from 200 to 5300 m depth. Purpose: These data are provided to complete a compilation of legacy data, but any users seeking bathymetric data for analysis or display are referred to more recently compiled data such as ETOPO1 (Amante and Eakins, 2009). Supplemental_Information: Additional information about the field activities from which this dataset was derived are available online. Survey or activity names used in earlier publications were not standardized. The "AKA" (also known as) designation is our current best guess at the identity of the activity. > K-73-NC (AKA K-1-73-NC) - https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=k173nc > Bartlett 72 (AKA B-1-72-SC) - https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=b172sc > L-10-76-NC (AKA L-10-76-HW) https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=l1076hw > L-2-77-NC - https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=l277nc > S-3-78-NC (AKA S-3-78-SC) https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=s378sc > Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the dataset in nonproprietary form, this metadata file may include some ArcGIS-specific terminology. > Data Source 1 (32° to 41°N lat.; Chase and others, 1992a, 1992b; http://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2089/c/) > Bathymetric contours between 32°N and 41°N. were digitized from a map by Chase and others (1981) and from the unpublished large scale versions of that map (T. E. Chase, unpub. data, 1981). Chase and others (1981 and unpub. data) obtained the data for the area seaward of the continental slope (-2000 m depth) primarily from the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (C&GS) 1955 Pacific Exploratory Survey, a systematic and detailed (~8-nmi-trackline spacing) survey between Mexico and Canada. The USGS provided data from cruises S3-78-NC, L2-77-NC, L10-76-NC, K-73-NC, and Bartlett 72. Data were also obtained from Scripps Institution of Oceanography cruises Blue Flash, Kayak B, Scan I, and Seven Tow (Chase and Menard, 1971; Chase and others, 1975). The 200-m contour was derived from the National Ocean Service charts 1206N-16 (1975a) and 1306N-20 (1975b), and C&GS charts 1206N-15 (1967a) and 1306N-19 (1967b). Sea-floor depths were corrected for sound velocity in sea water using Matthew's (1939) tables. > ---------------------- > Data source 2 (40° to 49°N lat.; Grim and others, 1992; http://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2091/c/) > Bathymetric contours for 40° to 49°N lat. were compiled from five sources: a published map (Chase and others, 1981), NOAA digital bathymetric data from the Juan De Fuca Ridge, NOAA digital bathymetric data from the continental slope off the coast of Oregon, and unpublished maps of the Gorda Ridge (M.L. Holmes, unpub. data, 1989) and the sea floor west of 130° W. (T.E. Chase, unpub. data, 1990). The areas of the map compiled from each of these sources are indicated in figure 4. > For Area 1 (fig. 4) data used in the region seaward of the continental slope (~2000-m depth) were obtained primarily by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (C&GS) during the 1955 Pacific Exploratory Survey, a systematic and detailed (~8-nmi-trackline spacing) survey between Mexico and Canada. Data were also obtained from Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) cruises Kayak E, Scan I, and Seven Tow (Chase and Menard, 1971; Wilde and others, 1977, 1978, 1979). The 200-m contour was derived from C&GS charts 1308N-12, 1308N-17, and 1308N-22 (Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1968a, 1968b, 1969). > The data contoured in Area 2 (fig. 4) were collected by NOAA from 1980 to 1990 in support of ongoing plate-boundary dynamics studies. The research program, originally part of the National Ocean Service (NOS), later became the VENTS research program, based at NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory in Newport, Oreg. All data were collected using Sea Beam multibeam sonar systems. > Area 3 (fig. 4) contours are based on high-resolution bathymetric data collected, to date, in about 45 percent of the West Coast Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) by the NOS using multibeam, swath-sounding techniques. When this map and two adjacent map panels were compiled, only the data from Area 3 were available for inclusion. > The primary source of the data contoured in Area 4 (fig. 4) was the C&GS 1955 Pacific Exploratory Survey. Interpretation was aided by data from the USGS, the University of Washington, and SIO. Since compilation of the data from Area 1 (Chase and others, 1981), bathymetric surveys have revealed a high degree of roughness of the sea floor in the West Coast EEZ. In an attempt to depict this roughness, the contours in Area 4 have been drawn with a rippled appearance. > The data contoured in Area 5 (fig. 4) were obtained in 1983 by the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics using the SeaMARC II swath-mapping system (Blackinton and Hussong, 1983). The survey, concentrated in the axial and near axial zone of the Gorda Ridge and in the eastern part of the Blanco Fracture Zone, was part of a USGS-Minerals Management Service cooperative study on mineral resources in the U.S. EEZ. These data were partially published by Clague and Holmes (1986). Area 5 also was surveyed as part of the VENTS program. Contours of those data were used to verify the contours from the SeaMARC II data. > At adjoining boundaries, the various datasets were in very good agreement. Automated and interactive computer techniques were used to link contours between datasets where no adjustment was required for smooth joining of the contours. When an adjustment was needed, contours in the gaps between datasets were manually drawn, digitized, and interactively linked to the contours from adjacent datasets. > NOS survey positioning was determined using the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) spheroid whereas this map was compiled using the North American Datum of 1927(NAD 27) spheroid. At 1:1,000,000 scale, the difference between the two, which is approximately 100 m on the Earth's surface in the mapped area, is almost imperceptible. > REFERENCES CITED > Amante, C. and Eakins, B.W., 2009, ETOPO1 1 Arc-Minute Global Relief Model: Procedures, Data Sources and Analysis: NOAA National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder CO, NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS NGDC-24. doi:10.7289/V5C8276M, accessed 6 Feb 2009. > Blackinton, J.G., and Hussong, D.M., 1983, First results of a combination side-scan sonar and seafloor mapping system (SeaMARC II), Houston, Texas, May 2-5, 1983, Offshore Technology Conference, Proceedings, p. 307-314. > Chase, T.E., and Menard, H.W., 1971, Bathymetric atlas of the northeastern Pacific Ocean: U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office Publication 1303, scale 1:2,000,000 at 33° latitude, 48 p. > Chase, T.E., Wilde, Pat, and Normark, W.R., 1975, Oceanographic data of the Monterey Deep Sea Fan: San Diego, University of California, Institute of Marine Resources Publication TR 58, scale 1:898,524 at 35° latitude. > Chase, T.E., Wilde, Pat, Normark, W.R., Miller, C.P., Seekins, B.A., and Young, J.D., 1981, Offshore topography of the Western United States between 32° and 49° North latitudes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-443, scale 1:864,518 at 38° latitude, 2 sheets. > Clague, D.A. and Holmes, M.L., 1986, Geology, petrology, and mineral potential of the Gorda Ridge, in Scholl, D.W., Grantz, Arthur, and Vedder, J.G., eds., Geology and resource potential of the continental margin of Western North America and adjacent ocean basins - Beaufort Sea to Baja California, v. 6 of Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources Earth Science Series: Houston, Texas, Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, p. 563-580. > Matthews, D.J., 1939, Tables of the velocity of sound in pure water and sea water (2d ed.): London, Admiralty, Hydrographic Department, H.D. 282, 52 p. > National Ocean Service, 1975a, Hungington Beach to Punta Sal Si Puedes: National Ocean Service Bathymetric Map 1206N-16, scale 1:250,000. > National Ocean Service, 1975b, Cape San Martin to Point Conception: National Ocean Service Bathymetric Map 1306N-20, scale 1:250,000. > U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1967a, Santa Barbara to Huntington Beach : Coast and Geodetic Survey Bathymetric Map 1206N-15, scale 1:250,000. > U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1967b, Southwest of Santa Rosa Island: Coast and Geodetic Survey Bathymetric Map 1306N-19, scale 1:250,000. > U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1968a, Umpqua River to Cape Ferrelo: Coast and Geodetic Survey Bathymetric Map 1308N-17, scale 1:250,000. > U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1968b, Tillamook Head to Heceta Head: Coast and Geodetic Survey Bathymetric Map 1308N-22, scale 1:250,000. > U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1969, Point St. George to Point Delgada: Coast and Geodetic Survey Bathymetric Map 1308N-12, scale 1:250,000. > Wilde, Pat, Chase, T.E., Holmes, M.L., Normark, W.R., and Thomas, J.A., 1977, Oceanographic data off Washington 46° to 49° North including the Nitinat Deep Sea Fan: Berkeley, University of California, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Publication 223, scale 1:748,602 at 47° latitude. > Wilde, Pat, Chase, T. E., Holmes, M.L., Normark, W.R., Thomas, J.A., McCulloch, D.S., Carlson, P.R., Kulm, L.D., and Young, J.D., 1979, Oceanographic data off Oregon 43° to 46° North including the Astoria Deep Sea Fan: Berkeley, University of California, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Publication 253, scale 1:776,073 at 45° latitude. > Wilde, Pat, Chase, T.E ., Holmes, M.L., Normark, W.R., Thomas, J.A., McCulloch, D.S., and Kulm, L.D., 1978, Oceanographic data off northern California-southern Oregon 40° to 43°. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1991 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -132.0250 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -115.9524 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 49.0077 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.9298 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:0c90951e-a7e9-4e89-bf7b-d9fe619770b2 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics Theme_Keyword: contouring Theme_Keyword: computational methods Theme_Keyword: geospatial analysis Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: bottom topography Theme_Keyword: bathymetric contour Theme_Keyword: exclusive economic zone Theme_Keyword: isobath Theme_Keyword: continental margin Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Bathymetry Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Washington Place_Keyword: Oregon Place_Keyword: California Place_Keyword: USA Place_Keyword: Pacific Ocean Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: north Pacific Ocean Place_Keyword: northeastern Pacific Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: These data are not to be used at scales greater than 1:800,000. > This information is not intended for navigational purposes. > Read and fully comprehend the metadata prior to data use. Uses of these data should not violate the spatial resolution of the data. Where these data are used in combination with other data of different resolution, the resolution of the combined output will be limited by the lowest resolution of all the data. > Acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey in products derived from these data. Share data products developed using these data with the U.S. Geological Survey. > This database has been approved for release and publication by the Director of the USGS. Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS reserves the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on condition that neither the USGS nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. > Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document these data in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcGIS format, this metadata file may include some ArcGIS-specific terminology. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1118/images/cowbat_shp.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: thumbnail map of cowbat.shp contours Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 10.2 (Build 3497) Service Pack [N/A] (Build [N/A]) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Chase, T.E. Originator: Wilde, P. Originator: Normark, W.R. Originator: Evenden, G.I. Originator: Miller, C.P. Originator: Seekins, B.A. Originator: Young, J.O. Originator: Grim, M.S. Originator: Lief, C.J. Publication_Date: 1992 Title: Map Showing Bottom Topography of the Pacific Continental Margin, Point Conception to Point Loma Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Issue_Identification: I-2089-C Other_Citation_Details: scale denominator 1000000; Chase and others (1992a); http://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2089/c/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Chase, T.E. Originator: Wilde, P. Originator: Normark, W.R. Originator: Evenden, G.I. Originator: Miller, C.P. Originator: Seekins, B.A. Originator: Young, J.O. Originator: Grim, M.S. Originator: Lief, C.J. Publication_Date: 1992 Title: Map Showing Bottom Topography of the Pacific Continental Margin, Cape Mendocino to Point Conception Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Issue_Identification: I-2090-C Other_Citation_Details: scale denominator 1000000; Chase and others (1992b); http://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2090/c/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Grim, M.S. Originator: Chase, T.E. Originator: Evenden, G.I. Originator: Holmes, M.L. Originator: Normark, W.R. Originator: Wilde, P. Originator: Fox, C.G. Originator: Lief, C.J. Originator: Seekins, B.A. Publication_Date: 1992 Title: Map Showing Bottom Topography of the Pacific Continental Margin, Strait of Juan de Fuca to Cape Mendocino Series_Information: Series_Name: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Issue_Identification: I-2091-C Other_Citation_Details: scale denominator 1000000; Grim and others (1992); http://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2091/c/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: C. Amante Originator: B.W. Eakins Publication_Date: 2009 Title: ETOPO1 1 Arc-Minute Global Relief Model: Procedures, Data Sources and Analysis Other_Citation_Details: NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS, NGDC-24, 19 p., http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/global/relief/ETOPO1/docs/ETOPO1.pdf Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Not determined. Logical_Consistency_Report: Attributes mean the same thing throughout the dataset. Completeness_Report: Complete. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A surface interpolated from the contours in this dataset was compared to ETOPO1 bathymetric data (Amante and Eakins, 2009). Ridges, seamounts, and other seafloor features are offset by as much as 10 km. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A surface interpolated from the contours in this dataset was compared to ETOPO1 bathymetric data (Amante and Eakins, 2009). A depth difference calculation determined that COWBATG underestimates heights and elevations with a standard deviation of 130, partly attibutable to horizontally displaced features. > > MIN MAX MEAN STDV > -1983.217 2848.723 -4.279 129.323 (meters) Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Grim, Muriel S. Publication_Date: 1991 Title: GLORIA imagery and bathymetry from the U.S. EEZ off Washington, Oregon, and California Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1991 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Grim and others (1991) Source_Contribution: files of coordinate data for bathymetric contours Process_Step: Process_Description: Converted coordinate data from Grim and others (1991) to ArcInfo coverage. Process_Date: 1992 Process_Step: Process_Description: Converted ArcInfo coverage to shapefile and projected to geographic coordinates. Process_Date: 2011 Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed. Process_Date: 20201019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edited metadata to add USGS Thesaurus keywords and perform minor edits to bring the metadata up to current PCMSC standards. No data were changed. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Users are advised to compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Process_Date: 20211021 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Susan Cochran Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 6406 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal seconds Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition: Table containing attribute information associated with the dataset. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: depth_m Attribute_Definition: Water depth in meters below sea level. Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -5300 Range_Domain_Maximum: -200 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meter Attribute: Attribute_Label: length_m Attribute_Definition: Length of line segments in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 9 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1136099 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meter Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the dataset. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the dataset. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Florence L. Wong Contact_Position: Geologist, GIS Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USGS, MailStop 999, 345 Middlefield Road City: Menlo Park State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 94025-3561 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (650) 329-5327 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (650) 329-5190 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: fwong@usgs.gov Resource_Description: cowbat.shp.zip Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: shapefile Format_Version_Number: Esri ArcGIS 10.2.2 Format_Information_Content: This WinZip (v.14) file contains the bathymetric contours polyline shapefile, browse graphic, ArcGIS layer file, and the associated metadata files. Transfer_Size: 8.3 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1118/data/cowbat_shp.zip Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1118/data_catalog.html Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1118/ Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151118 Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the dataset. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211021 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060-5792 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time