Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Kathryn E.L. Smith Originator: James G. Flocks Originator: Gregory D. Steyer Originator: Sarai C. Piazza Publication_Date: 20140929 Title: Wetland Paleoecological Study of Coastal Louisiana: Sediment Cores and Diatom Samples Dataset Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0877 Description: Abstract: Wetland sediment data was collected from coastal Louisiana as part of a pilot study to develop a diatom-based proxy for past wetland water chemistry and the identification of sediment deposits for tropical storms. The complete dataset includes forty-six surface sediment samples and nine sediment cores. The surface sediment samples were collected in fresh to brackish marsh throughout the southwest Louisiana Chenier Plain and are located coincident with Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS). Sediment cores were collected at Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge. The data described here include sedimentary properties, radioisotopes, x-radiographs, and diatom species counts for depth-interval samples of sediment cores. Purpose: To investigate the use of diatoms as a proxy for past water chemistry and identification of historic storms. Supplemental_Information: This metadata describes data on field sites and sediment core collection (sediment_core_sites.txt), laboratory analyses of sediment sampled from cores at 2-cm depth intervals (sediment_core_properties.txt) and diatom species counts from sediment sampled at select 2-cm depth intervals (sediment_core_diatom.txt). For diatom species counts, attributes are assigned a species code that is defined by the taxa's genus and species name. A description of the code set is found in the included taxa_list.txt file. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20090429 Ending_Date: 20090430 Currentness_Reference: field collection date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.615035 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.578566 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.636539 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.588228 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:5903856a-ac6b-4a55-bd27-2b916f86e06d Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: ecology Theme_Keyword: wetland ecosystems Theme_Keyword: diatoms Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: samples Theme_Keyword: sediment Theme_Keyword: cores Theme_Keyword: paleoecology Theme_Keyword: paleoecological indicator Theme_Keyword: wetlands Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Louisiana Place_Keyword: Chenier Plain Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Subsurface Stratum_Keyword: Sediment Stratum_Keyword: Benthic Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Prior to use of these records in any analysis or report, the USGS must be notified and if used the provenance of the original data must be acknowledged. Acknowledge the use of specific records from contributing USGS databases and recognize the limitations of data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: pages/figures/Fig1_map.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Map of the location of sample sites in the Chenier Plain of southwest Louisiana (inset A). Surface sediment sample stations (circles) were collected throughout the Chenier Plain at monitoring stations. Sediment cores (stars) were collected at Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge (inset B). Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPG Data_Set_Credit: Data are provided by the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) through funding from the Coastal and Marine Geology Program. The USGS National Wetlands Research Center (NWRC) and Louisiana Department of Natural Resources are recognized as essential collaborators in sample collection. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7; Microsoft Excel Version 14.0; ESRI ArcGIS 10.1 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Kathryn E.L. Smith Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Paleoecological Study of Coastal Marsh in the Chenier Plain, Louisiana: Investigating the Diatom Composition of Hurricane-Deposited Sediments and a Diatom-Based Quantitative Reconstruction of Sea-Level Characteristics Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Gainesville, FL Publisher: University of Florida Thesis (Ph.D.) Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The validity or accuracy of information is dependent on sample collection, preparation, and analyses. When replicate samples were collected, the standard deviation is provided. Several replicate diatom species counts were conducted to determine consistency and were found to be similar suggesting procedures had a high-degree of accuracy; however, no statistical procedures detailing accuracy were conducted. Species identities are dependent on available flora and uncertainty in species identifications are noted via "cf." in the species name. Logical_Consistency_Report: No tests for fidelity were performed. Completeness_Report: Data are complete. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal positions were determined with a handheld GPS. Expected horizontal accuracy for site surveys is 0.005 to 0.020 meters. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Cores were collected at Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge (RWR) aboard an airboat. RWR is state-owned refuge that is managed primarily for waterfowl and fishery habitat with a primary mission of promoting scientific research. Five core sites were located along a transect perpendicular to the Gulf of Mexico coastline, ranging from 0.5 to 5.75 km distant from the shoreline. To examine small-scale variation, two additional sites were located 100 meters to the east and west of site 09WCC01_04 and parallel to the shore. Two additional sites were located to the west and east of the transect. Sediment was extracted by pushing a clear acrylic tube, 10-cm in diameter into the marsh. The barrel edge was sharpened and vegetation around the extraction point's perimeter was sliced to reduce compaction during tube insertion. Compaction was estimated by measuring the difference in the marsh elevation between the inside and outside of the barrel top prior to extraction. The tube was capped and extracted from the sediment with a handle constructed of PVC. Geographic position, time of day, water depth, and surface water salinity were measured at each site. Porewater salinity was measured by driving a narrow plastic tube to a depth of 10 cm and using suction supplied by an attached syringe, to withdraw a water sample. The water sample was placed in a cup and salinity was measured with a handheld YSI conductivity probe. The cores were sealed and transported to the lab. The cores remained cold and vertical during transport in an insulated and lined 50-gallon barrel containing ice. Upon arrival at the lab, the cores were x-radiographed (58-64 kV, 2.0 mAs) with a Torrex 120 portable X-ray unit and a ScanX CR2500 imaging system (exposure setting 58/2.0), producing bitmap files at 4457 x 5500-6000 pixels, 8-bit depth and approximate 23-25MB each. After imaging, cores were extruded and sliced at 2-cm intervals. Compaction from core transport and sampling (extrusion) were estimated by the difference between the measured lengths of the core before and after each procedure. Sedimentary characteristics; sediment texture, physical characteristics, presence of roots/shells/burrow, and stratification type; were described in detail during the sampling process. Field data was hand-entered into Microsoft Excel 2010, double-checked for accuracy, and exported into a comma-delimited text file. Process_Date: 200904 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: sediment core samples Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: x-radiographs Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 09WCC01_core_descriptions.pdf Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: sediment_core_sites.txt Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Process_Step: Process_Description: Laboratory procedure: All sediment core samples were analyzed for bulk density, organic carbon, and lead-dating. A 30-mL sediment sample was weighed wet, dried in an oven at 60 °C, and weighed again to calculate bulk density (dry mass divided by volume). Loss-on-ignition (LOI) was determined by grinding the dried sample into a fine powder and combusting a subsample at 650 °C for four hours. Lead-210 was determined by measuring the activity of Po-210 using alpha-spectrometry. Polonium-210 is assumed to be in secular equilibrium with its parent Pb-210. The fired sample from LOI analysis was transferred to a glass beaker and Po-210 was acid leached from the sediment. A known quantity of the tracer Po-209 was added to the solution prior to auto-plating and counted on low-level alpha spectrometer coupled to a pulse-height analyzer. Reported errors are the statistical counting errors at the 95 percent confidence interval. At least five samples per core were processed in duplicate in order to calculate relative standard deviation for an estimate of between sample errors. Select core samples were identified for gamma-ray spectrometry (Cs-137) by examining Pb-210 profile data, isolating the depth where the detectable limit where excess Pb-210 reaches zero (provides a rough estimate 100 years before present), and estimating where Cs-137 activity would likely be detected (1950 to 1984). Approximately 15 g of dried, ground sample was sealed in a plastic jar and stored for at least 3 weeks to allow activity to reach equilibrium. Samples were counted using a germanium detector for low-energy gamma rays and a multi-channel analyzer was used for data collection. Samples were counted for at least 24 hours or until counting errors were less than 5 percent. In addition, select core samples were processed for grain size by examining x-ray images and bulk density data to identify possible changes in sedimentary layers. Data was hand entered into Microsoft Excel, double-checked for accuracy, and exported into a comma-delimited text file. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: sediment core samples Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: x-radiographs Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 09WCC01_core_descriptions.pdf Process_Date: 2011 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: sediment_core_properties.txt Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Process_Step: Process_Description: Microfossil analyses: Approximately 0.5 mL of sediment was digested in a 100-mL beaker using hydrogen peroxide and potassium dichromate. Samples were rinsed twice with deionized (DI) water (the beaker was filled with DI water; sample was allowed to settle overnight, decanted to 500-mL mark, and refilled, etc.). Since samples contained a significant fraction of fine-grained sediment (silt and clay), a 7 percent sodium hexametaphosphate solution was added to deflocculate fine-grained sediments. Each sample was continually rinsed until decant was clear. A known volume (5 or 10 mL depending on the density of diatoms and sand grains) of diatom solution was added to settling trays containing four cover slips and allowed to dry (Battarbee, 1973). Cover slips were sealed to microscope slides using Zrax diatom mountant (refractive index ~ 1.7+). A minimum of 300 diatoms were identified to species and counted using a Nikon Optiphot light microscope at 1000x magnification (Plan 100x / 1.25 oil DIC objective). The identification of species and autecology, including general salinity preferences, was determined from taxonomic literature. Each species identified was given a code, composed of the genus and species name, and checked with surface sediment samples of the same area for differences. Any species missing from the regional assessment were added. Data was hand-entered into Excel, double-checked for accuracy, and exported as a comma-delimited text file. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: physical sediment samples Process_Date: 2012 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: sediment_core_diatoms.txt Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: taxa_list.txt Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized by correcting variations of theme keyword thesauri and updating/adding keywords. Process_Date: 20180328 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 46 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 8.98315284119521e-009 Longitude_Resolution: 8.98315284119521e-009 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal Degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: sediment_core_sites.txt Entity_Type_Definition: Location and environmental data for sediment core sites Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Site Attribute_Definition: Site identification number Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The site code begins with the Field Activity Number (FAN) 09WCC01. Last two digits are the site identification numbers: 01 through 09. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude Attribute_Definition: Latitude coordinates in decimal degrees (WGS 1984) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 29.5632 Range_Domain_Maximum: 29.9624 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude Attribute_Definition: Longitude coordinates in decimal degrees (WGS 1984) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -93.6981 Range_Domain_Maximum: -92.0418 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: Date sample was collected Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Date is in MM/DD/YYYY format Attribute: Attribute_Label: Time Attribute_Definition: The time when sample was collected Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Time is in hh:00 AM/PM format; central daylight savings time (CDT) Attribute: Attribute_Label: SW_depth Attribute_Definition: Surface water depth (cm) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 16.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Field_length Attribute_Definition: Total length of the core measured in the field prior to transport to the lab (cm) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 50 Range_Domain_Maximum: 62 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lab_length Attribute_Definition: Total length of the core measured in the lab after transport from the field (cm) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 46 Range_Domain_Maximum: 60 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: centimeters Attribute: Attribute_Label: SW_salinity Attribute_Definition: Surface water salinity (ppt) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 6.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 20.1 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per thousand Attribute: Attribute_Label: PW10_salinity Attribute_Definition: Pore water salinity at 10cm depth (ppt) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 10.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 22.3 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per thousand Attribute: Attribute_Label: PW30_salinity Attribute_Definition: Pore water salinity at 30cm depth (ppt) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 13.7 Range_Domain_Maximum: 22.3 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per thousand Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: sediment_core_properties.txt Entity_Type_Definition: Sediment properties for sediment core samples Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample Attribute_Definition: Sample identification number Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The sample identification number is a combination of the site ID, such as 09WCC01_SS_DD, where 09WCC01 is the Field Activity Number, SS is the core site (01 through 09), and DD is the mid-depth of the sample interval in 2-cm increments. Attribute: Attribute_Label: BD Attribute_Definition: Average bulk density (g/mL) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.1122 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.6031 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: grams per milliliter Attribute: Attribute_Label: BD_N Attribute_Definition: Total number of samples analyzed for bulk density Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3 Attribute: Attribute_Label: BD_SD Attribute_Definition: Standard deviation of bulk density (g/mL) when sampled more than once Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.1224 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: grams per milliliter Attribute: Attribute_Label: LOI Attribute_Definition: Loss-on-ignition (%) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 8.45 Range_Domain_Maximum: 58.32 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: LOI_N Attribute_Definition: Total number of samples analyzed for loss-on-ignition Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5 Attribute: Attribute_Label: LOI_SD Attribute_Definition: Standard deviation of Loss-on-ignition (%) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5.26 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sand Attribute_Definition: Grain size: percent sand (%) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sand_SD Attribute_Definition: Grain size: standard deviation of percent sand Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.30 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mud Attribute_Definition: Grain size: percent mud (silt + clay sized particles) (%) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mud_SD Attribute_Definition: Grain size: standard deviation of percent mud (silt + clay sized particles) (%) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.2 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: Clay Attribute_Definition: Grain size: percent clay Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 8.76 Range_Domain_Maximum: 34.5 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: SD_Clay Attribute_Definition: Grain size: standard deviation of percent clay (%) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.3 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: Pb210 Attribute_Definition: Total activity of lead radioisotope (Pb-210) in dpm/g Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 13.1 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degradations per minute per gram Attribute: Attribute_Label: Pb_error Attribute_Definition: Error for total activity of lead radioisotope (Pb-210) in dpm/g Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.3 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degradations per minute per gram Attribute: Attribute_Label: Cs137 Attribute_Definition: Total activity of cesium radioisotope (Cs-137) in dpm/g Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degradations per minute per gram Attribute: Attribute_Label: Cs_error Attribute_Definition: Total activity of cesium radioisotope (Cs-137) in dpm/g Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.4 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degradations per minute per gram Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ra226 Attribute_Definition: Total activity of radium isotope (Ca-226) in dpm/g Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.7 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degradations per minute per gram Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ra_error Attribute_Definition: Error of total activity of radium isotope (Ra-226) in dpm/g Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.2 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degradations per minute per gram Attribute: Attribute_Label: K40 Attribute_Definition: Total activity of potassium radioisotope (K-40) in dpm/g Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 50.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degradations per minute per gram Attribute: Attribute_Label: K_error Attribute_Definition: Error of total activity of potassium radioisotope (K-40) in dpm/g Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.0 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degradations per minute per gram Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: sediment_core_diatoms.txt Entity_Type_Definition: Diatom counts for sediment core samples Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample Attribute_Definition: Sample identification number Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The sample identification number is a combination of the site ID, such as 09WCC01_SS_DD, where 09WCC01 is the Field Activity Number, SS is the core site (01 through 09), and DD is the mid-depth of the sample interval in 2-cm increments. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Gen_spec Attribute_Definition: Percent of total diatoms counted that were identified by species. The attribute label is coded by species name. Please see the Entity and Attribute Overview for additional information. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 100 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: taxa_list.txt Entity_Type_Definition: Diatom species codes and species definitions, with authority, references, and count information. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Code Attribute_Definition: Species code Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The species code is typically in the form Gen_spec where Gen is a three letter code for the Genus and spec is the four letter code for the species. The inclusion of cf suggests the species appears similar to the reference identification, but may be slightly different in some of the descriptive characteristics. The code spp suggests a species complex, where specimens were identified only to the genus level. The code spp1 indicates a species not identified in available flora, but consistent specimens were grouped accordingly. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Taxon Attribute_Definition: Full species name Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Full species name with both Genus and species. The most recent nomenclature was used whenever possible. The inclusion of cf suggests the species appears similar to the reference identification, but may be slightly different in some of the descriptive characteristics. The code spp suggests a species complex, where specimens were identified only to the genus level. The code spp1 indicates a species not identified in available flora, but consistent specimens were grouped accordingly. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Authority Attribute_Definition: Species Authority Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The full authority for the binomial name is given as described in the Catalogue of Diatom Names (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/diatoms/names/) Attribute: Attribute_Label: Reference Attribute_Definition: Reference used to identify the specimen Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Citation (author and year only) used to identify the specimen. Full reference is available within the References Cited section of the data series (https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0877) Attribute: Attribute_Label: Total_Surf Attribute_Definition: Total number of surface sediment sites in which the species was identified (N=46) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 46 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Total_Core Attribute_Definition: Total number of core sediment samples in which the species was identified (N=47) Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 47 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: For diatom species counts, the attribute labels are defined by a species code set that was created from the scientific species name. Species codes can be found in the Taxa list at https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0877 or in the included taxa_list.txt file. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Smith, K.E.L., Flocks, J.G., Steyer, G.D., and Piazza, S.C., 2014, Wetland Paleoecological Study of Coastal Louisiana: Sediment Cores and Diatom Calibration Dataset: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 877. [Available at https://doi.org/10.3133/ds877] Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kelsmith@usgs.gov Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: text file (TXT) File_Decompression_Technique: ZIP Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0877 Fees: None, if obtained online Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211109 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kelsmith@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time