Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Kathryn E.L. Smith Originator: James G. Flocks Originator: Gregory D. Steyer Originator: Sarai C. Piazza Publication_Date: 20140929 Title: Wetland Paleoecological Study of Coastal Louisiana: X-radiographs Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster image Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0877 Description: Abstract: Wetland sediment data was collected from coastal Louisiana as part of a pilot study to develop a diatom-based proxy for past wetland water chemistry and the identification of sediment deposits for tropical storms. The complete dataset includes forty-six surface sediment samples and nine sediment cores. The surface sediment samples were collected in fresh to brackish marsh throughout the southwest Louisiana Chenier plain and are located coincident with Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS). Sediment cores were collected at Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge. The data described here include sedimentary properties, radioisotopes, x-radiographs, and diatom species counts for sediment cores. Purpose: To investigate the use of diatoms as a proxy for past water chemistry and identification of historic storms. Supplemental_Information: X-radiographs are in 8-bit bitmap (BMP) format. Multiple BMP files were required for each core, due to core length. Files are named according to field activity (09WCC01), site number (01 to 09), and the vertical position of the image. Vertical position of image, from top to bottom of the core include: top = top of core, top_mid= top middle, middle = middle, bot_mid = bottom middle, and bot = bottom. Images contain vertical overlap so that the center of the image can be used in order to reduce vertical image distortion. Cores have three to four images each, depending on length necessary to film each core with overlap, so a top_mid plus a bot_mid image or just one middle image. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20090513 Currentness_Reference: image date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None expected Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.615035 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.578566 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.636539 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.588228 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:0cca382e-5536-4be9-b6ba-5ce4713de16c Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: ecology Theme_Keyword: wetland ecosystems Theme_Keyword: diatoms Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: samples Theme_Keyword: sediment Theme_Keyword: cores Theme_Keyword: diatoms Theme_Keyword: paleoecology Theme_Keyword: paleoecological indicator Theme_Keyword: wetlands Theme_Keyword: x-radiograph Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Louisiana Place_Keyword: Chenier Plain Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Subsurface Stratum_Keyword: Sediment Stratum_Keyword: Benthic Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Prior to use of these records in any analysis or report, the USGS must be notified and if used the provenance of the original data must be acknowledged. Acknowledge the use of specific records from contributing USGS databases and recognize the limitations of data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: pages/figures/Fig1_map.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Map of the location of sample sites in the Chenier Plain of southwest Louisiana (inset A). Surface sediment sample stations (circles) were collected throughout the Chenier Plain at monitoring stations. Sediment cores (stars) were collected at Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge (inset B). Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPG Data_Set_Credit: Data are provided by the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) through funding from the Coastal and Marine Geology Program. The USGS National Wetlands Research Center (NWRC) and Louisiana Department of Natural Resources are recognized as essential collaborators in sample collection. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Kathryn E.L. Smith Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Paleoecological Study of Coastal Marsh in the Chenier Plain, Louisiana: Investigating the Diatom Composition of Hurricane-Deposited Sediments and a Diatom-Based Quantitative Reconstruction of Sea-Level Characteristics Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Gainesville, FL Publisher: University of Florida Thesis (Ph.D.) Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The validity or accuracy of information is dependent on image collection and exposure settings. Effort was made to make consistent images. Logical_Consistency_Report: No tests for fidelity were performed. Completeness_Report: Data are complete. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Cores were collected at Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge (RWR) using an airboat. RWR is state-owned refuge that is managed primarily for waterfowl and fishery habitat with a primary mission to promote scientific research. Five core sites were located along a transect perpendicular to the Gulf of Mexico coastline, ranging from 0.5 to 5.75 km from the shoreline. To examine small-scale variation, two additional sites were located 100 meters to the east and west of site 09WCC01_04 and parallel to the shore. Two additional sites were located to the west and east of the transect. Sediment was extracted by pushing a 10-cm diameter, clear acrylic tubes into the marsh. The barrel edge was sharpened and vegetation was sliced around the perimeter of the tube to reduce compaction during tube insertion. Compaction was estimated by measuring the difference in the marsh elevation between the inside and outside of the top of the barrel prior to extraction. The tube was capped and extracted from the sediment using a handle constructed from PVC. Geographic position, time of day, water depth, and surface water salinity were measured at each site. Porewater salinity was measured by driving a narrow plastic tube to a depth of 10 cm and using suction, supplied by an attached syringe, a sample of water was withdrawn. The water sample was placed in a cup and salinity measured using a handheld probe. The cores were sealed and transported to the lab. The cores remained cold and vertical during transport by placing them in an insulated and lined 50-gallon plastic barrel with ice. Upon arrival at the lab, the cores were x-radiographed (58-64 kV, 2.0 mAs) using a Torrex 120 portable X-ray unit and a ScanX CR2500 imaging system (exposure setting 58/2.0), producing bitmap files at 4457 x 5500-6000 pixels, 8-bit depth and approximate 23-25MB each. After imaging, cores were extruded and sliced at 2-cm intervals. Compaction from core transport and sampling (extrusion) were estimated by the difference between the measured lengths of the core before and after each procedure. Sedimentary characteristics (sediment texture, physical characteristics, presence of roots/shells/burrow, and stratification type) were described in detail during the sampling process and recorded on core description sheets. Process_Date: 200904 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: sediment core samples Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: x-radiographs Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 09WCC01_core_descriptions.pdf Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized by correcting variations of theme keyword thesauri and updating/adding keywords. Process_Date: 20180328 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The X-radiograph image is in BMP (8-bit) format; number of pixels varies. Images are black and white, where pixel values reflect x-ray intensity on the photographic film and are indications of soil density. The lighter the pixel value, the greater the soil density (due to reduced radiation penetration through the core to reach the photographic paper). Numbers on the left side of the core image depict length; however, numbers are negative and begin at the bottom of the core and increase to the top of the core, therefore they should only be used as a guide for aligning image overlap. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Smith, K.E.L., Flocks, J.G., Steyer, G.D., and Piazza, S.C., 2014, Wetland Paleoecological Study of Coastal Louisiana: Sediment Cores and Diatom Calibration Dataset: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 877. [Available at https://doi.org/10.3133/ds877] Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: physical and mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kelsmith@usgs.gov Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Bitmap (BMP) File_Decompression_Technique: ZIP Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0877 Fees: None, if obtained online Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211109 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Kathryn Smith Contact_Position: Ecologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-802-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kelsmith@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time