Baseline Northern Gulf of Mexico Oblique Photography Survey, February 7, 2012.

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Baseline Northern Gulf of Mexico Oblique Photography Survey, February 7, 2012.
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts baseline and storm response photography missions to document and understand the changes in vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms (Morgan, 2009). On February 7, 2012, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Pensacola, Fla., to Breton Islands, La., aboard a Piper Navajo Chieftain at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,000 ft offshore (Figure 2). This mission was flown to collect baseline data for assessing incremental changes since the last survey, and the data can be used in the assessment of future coastal change. The photographs provided here are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. The photograph locations are an estimate of the position of the aircraft do not indicate the location of the feature in the images (See the Navigation Data page). These photos document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey. The header of each photo is populated with time of collection, Global Positioning System (GPS) latitude, GPS longitude, GPS position (latitude and longitude), keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information using EXIFtools (Subino and others, 2012). Photographs can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer by clicking on a thumbnail on the contact sheet.Table 1 provides detailed information about the assigned location, name, data, and time the photograph was taken along with links to the photo and corresponding 5-minute contact sheet. In addition to the photographs, a Google Earth Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file is provided andt can be used to view the images by clicking on the marker and then clicking on either the thumbnail or the link above the thumbnail. The KML files were created using the photographic navigation files.
Supplemental_Information:
NOTE: No photographs were taken during the following 5-min segment: 2012_0207_185000.html
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Morgan, K., 2013, Baseline Northern Gulf of Mexico Oblique Photography Survey, February 7, 2012.: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 799, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Fla..

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Ancillary files included in this release are 12cch01.csv, 12cch01_0207_garmin18.txt, and 12cch01.kml, in addition to the digitized oblique aerial image files.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.1986083
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -87.063485
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.515865
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.45599
  3. What does it look like?
    maps/index.jpg (JPG)
    Index map of all survey area collected during USGS field activity 12CCH01.
    /html/images/fig2.jpg (JPG)
    Graphic for Acquisition Geometry (Figure 2) for USGS field activity 12CCH01. Graphic shows basic flight distance from the shore and elevation during the survey for the aircraft used.
    /html/images/contents.jpg (JPG)
    Graphic for Content for USGS field activity 12CCH01. Graphic shows the directory structure of the publication.
    /maps/12cch01_1.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of the Area 1 for the baseline survey from Pensacola, Fla., to Breton Islands, La. The flight path is divided up into 5-minute segments, and is represented by the alternating purple and yellow line. Pages containing containing thumbnail images of photographs, refered to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. NOTE: For the hard copy, DVD, version: Links to the contact sheets are available on both discs, but the links to the full-size photos will work only if viewing from Disc 1.
    /maps/12cch01_2.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of the Area 2 for the baseline survey from Breton Islands, La., to Pensacola, Fla. The flight path is divided up into 5-minute segments, and is represented by the alternating purple and yellow line. Pages containing containing thumbnail images of photographs, refered to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. NOTE: For the hard copy, DVD, version: Links to the contact sheets are available on both discs, but the links to the full-size photos will work only if viewing from Disc 2.
    /maps/inset_dauphin.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of the inset_dauphin.jpg for the baseline survey for Dauphin Inset Map. The flight path is divided up into 5-minute segments, and is represented by the alternating purple and yellow line. Pages containing containing thumbnail images of photographs, refered to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. NOTE: For the hard copy, DVD, version: Links to the contact sheets are available on both discs, but with links to the full-size photos, but links to full-size photos will work only if viewing from Disc 1.
    /maps/inset_northbenchmark.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of the inset_northbenchmark.jpg for the baseline survey for Northbenchmark Inset Map. The flight path is divided up into 5-minute segments, and is represented by the alternating purple and yellow line. Pages containing containing thumbnail images of photographs, refered to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments. NOTE: For the hard copy, DVD, version: Links to the contact sheets are available on both discs, but with links to the full-size photos, but links to full-size photos will work only if viewing from Disc 2.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 07-Feb-2012
    Currentness_Reference:
    Completed
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: JPEG images, and point data in ASCII and CSV files
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      Indirect_Spatial_Reference: none
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is WGS84.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Graphic Image Files: The base map is a JPEG image. The base map shows the Baseline Northern Gulf of Mexico Oblique Photography Survey flight path during the survey. The base map also shows two region boxes, which link to more detailed maps and indicate how the full-size photographs are divided the discs; 12CCH01_1 (Disc 1) and 12CCH01_2 (Disc 2). The survey area maps, one per disc, are JPEG images. The survey maps contain links to the 5-minute segment contact sheet pages.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Navigation file(s): The navigation files are 12cch01.csv and 12cch01_0207_garmin18.txt. The processed files (*.csv) and the raw navigation files (*.txt) are tab delimited ASCII text files.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: KML file(s): The KML file is 12CCH01.kml.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    Subino, J.A., Morgan, K.L.M., Krohn, M.D., Miller, G.K., Dadisman, S.V., Forde, A.S., 2012, Archive of post-Hurricane Charley coastal oblique aerial photographs collected during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 04CCH01 from Marco Island to Fort DeSoto, Florida, August 15, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 651, 2 DVDs, available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/651/.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • K. Morgan
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Funding and (or) support for this study was provided by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP). The authors wish to thank pilot, Mitch Bowbowski, for his assistance in data collection. This report benefited from the comments and reviews from Peter Howd (contracted with Jacobs Technology Inc., at the USGS - St. Petersburg, Fla.) and James Flocks with the USGS - St. Petersburg, Fla.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To provide access to digitized photographs taken as part of the February 7, 2012, baseline oblique aerial survey collected along the coast, from Pensacola, Fla., to Breton Islands, La., and to provide access to attribute data that documents the time and location of where each photograph was taken.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 15-Feb-2012 (process 1 of 11)
    Photographs were taken using a Nikon D1X camera. Camera is tethered to a Panasonic C-51 Toughbook. Images were written directly to the computer hard drive using Nikon Capture Control Version 4.4.2. Best effort was made at the beginning of the flight to synchronize both the computer and the camera's internal clocks to within 1 second of GMT time from the GPS sensor. The D1X records GPS in the EXIF Header. Image size is approximately 6 megapixels. Note: GPS locations indicate the position of the aircraft at the time of the photograph, not the position of the feature in the image. Additional images were taken using a Nikon Coolpix 6000 camera. These images were taken from the front of the plane or as addtional documention of the flight. These images are designated with a "d2" in the file name. Image size is approximately 13 megapixels, captured to SDHD card within the camera. Best effort was made at the beginning of the flight to synchronize the camera's internal clocks to within 1 second of GMT time from the GPS sensor. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Feb-2012 (process 2 of 11)
    Navigation files (one per day) were extracted as comma-delimited American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) text files from Fugawi Marine ENC Ver 4. The Garmin GPS 18 PC recorded: latitude (decimal degrees), longitude (decimal degrees), GMT, altitude (meters), Local Date (yyyymmdd), GMT Date (yyyymmdd), Local Time (hhmmss), GMT Time(hhmmss), Speed (kph), Heading, Leg Distance (meters from last data point), Total Flight Distance (meters), and Sequence Number at an interval of approximately 1 every second. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Feb-2012 (process 3 of 11)
    Images were converted to JPG using Nikon Capture Camera Editor Ver 4.4.2. Images in JPG format were saved using the file name format yyyy_mmdd_hhmmssd.jpg (where the "d" signifies digital acquisition using the Nikon D1X). The names provide information about the photograph's year, month, day, hour, minute, and second. For example, image 2012_0207_133636d.jpg was taken February 7, 2012, at 13:36:36 GMT. Best effort is made to set the Nikon D1X camera's internal clock to within 1 second of GMT at the beginning of the flight. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Feb-2012 (process 4 of 11)
    Navigation processing: Using a custom PERL script written by K. Morgan - USGS, GPS data and image files are used to generate CSV files containing latitude, longitude, and time record for each image. The processed navigation file was saved as a comma separated value (CSV) file, 12cch01.csv, using Microsoft Excel 2011. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Feb-2012 (process 5 of 11)
    The digital images were organized into 5-minute (time) segments. These 5-minute segments were used to create HTML pages, called contact sheets. A contact sheet was created for every 5-minute segment of the survey. The contact sheets contain thumbnails of each of the photographs. Each thumbnail links to the corresponding full-size area map or photograph. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Feb-2012 (process 6 of 11)
    Geospatial Processing: These spreadsheets were edited using Microsoft Excel 2004 and saved as comma-separated value (CSV) files to make them compatible with ArcGIS software. The latitude/longitude data from the CSV navigation file, called XSTORMS.h20120207_photographs, were used to produce ESRI shapefiles system using ArcGIS 10.0. These shapefiles were used to produce the JPEG maps included in this report. The shapefiles are not included in this report. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Guy
    USGS
    GIS Specialist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3063 (voice)
    kguy@usgs.gov
    Date: 31-Jul-2013 (process 7 of 11)
    Survey map creation: The survey maps provided in this archive were created with Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) ArcGIS 10.1 software and saved as Adobe Illustrator (*.ai) files. Survey maps were edited using Adobe Illustrator CS6, and exported in JPEG format. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 31-Jul-2013 (process 8 of 11)
    Google Earth file creation: The KML files were created using the photographic navigation file 12cch01.csv. The USGS is the originator of all other layers. To aide navigation through the Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file, each image was assigned a sequential KML number. Table 1 of this report shows the KML number given to each image, the corresponding image name, and associated attributes. Each point on the Google Earth file contains the KML number, storm name, latitude, longitude, image name, geographic area, date, time, a thumbnail of the full-size photograph, and links to the full-size photographs and contact sheets. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Feb-2012 (process 9 of 11)
    EXIF headers: Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) and International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) headers were populated from the command prompt using EXIFtools (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool, 2012) as part of post flight processing using a PERL script written by Karen Morgan, USGS - St. Petersburg, Fla. EXIFtools added the the following data to the EXIFHeader: GPS time, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, GPS position (latitude and longitude), keywords, credit, artist, caption, copyright, and contact information. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 31-Jul-2013 (process 10 of 11)
    In addition to the process steps described above, the following steps were taken to produce this Data Series: digital Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs were created at the beginning of each flight and saved as PDF and TXT files. In addition, an HTML-based format was used to present the various parts of this archive. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 11 of 11)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Best attempts were made to set the camera to GMT time on the GPS receivers at the beginning of each flight. Latitude, longitude, and time were collected at an interval of approximately 1 every second. NOTE: Latitude and longitude positions in this report refer to the position of the aircraft, not the position of the landmarks photographed. Refer to the Process Steps below for more detail.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    The GPS receiver used to provide navigation is accurate to within <15 m. Best attempts were made to keep the same relative distance between the aircraft and the beach in order to keep a constant field of view.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    No photographs were taken during the following 5-min segment: 2012_0207_185000.html
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Crew members were K. Morgan, D. Krohn, K. Guy, and K. Doran of the USGS in St. Petersburg, Fla. Crew members took still photography along the coast during this survey. GPS Data Collection: Instrument: Garmin GPS 18 PC, WAAS Enabled. Data Collection Interval: 1 Second. Data File Format: Native Fugawi and Text. Number of files created: 2. Compter/Software: Computer: Panasonic Toughbook C-51. Software: Fugawi Marine ENC, ver 4.4 The GPS unit was used to record navigation fixes of the aircraft, not the position of the features imaged.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 799
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: CSV: Comma separate values files representing table information collected during the flight. JPEG: Images can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer. For the DVD version of this publication, the survey's full-size photographs For the DVD version of this publication, the survey's full-size photographs have been divided into two discs; 12CCH01.kml on Disc 1 has 1469 photographs and 12CCH01.kml on Disc 2 has 1407 photographs.Text files representing the navigation files, FACS log, metadata and read-me files collected during and after the survey. KML: The 12CCH01_1 area KML file includes the locations for 1469 images. The 12CCH01_2 area KML file includes the locations for 1407 images. The KMLs provided may be viewed with Google Earth (http://www.google.com/earth/download/ge/agree.html). in format CSV, JPEG, TXT, KML
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0799/nav/
    • Cost to order the data:

      Prices vary. None, if obtained online. Price for offline option will vary depending on the number of discs in the flight.

    • Special instructions:
      Publications are available from USGS Information Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, Col., 80225-0046 (telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS, e-mail: infoservices@usgs.gov).

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
K. Morgan
USGS
Geologist
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

(727) 803-8747, ext. 3037 (voice)
kmorgan@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/12CCH01_2012_0207_metadata.faq.html>
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