Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Noreen A. Buster Publication_Date: 20131231 Title: Sediment Grain-Size Data from Sediment Samples Collected in July 2013 from the Northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana (U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity Number 13BIM05) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Tabular digital data Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0894/downloads/13BIM05_Grain_Size.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Noreen A. Buster Originator: Kyle W. Kelso Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: James G. Flocks Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Originator: Nancy T. DeWitt Publication_Date: 20131231 Title: Sediment Data Collected in 2013 from the Northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Multimedia presentation Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: 894 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds894 Description: Abstract: As part of the Barrier Island Evolution Research (BIER) project, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) collected sediment samples from the northern Chandeleur Islands in July 2013. The overall objective of this project, which integrates geophysical (bathymetric, seismic, and topographic) and sedimentologic data, is to understand better the depositional and erosional processes that drive the morphologic evolution of barrier islands over annual to interannual timescales (1 to 5 years). Between June 2010 and April 2011, in response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the State of Louisiana constructed a sand berm extending more than 14 kilometers (km) along the northern Chandeleur Islands platform. The construction of the berm provided a unique opportunity for scientists to investigate how this new sediment source interacts with and affects the morphologic evolution of the barrier-island system. Data collected from this study can be used to describe differences in the physical characteristics and spatial distribution of sediments both along the axis of the berm and also along transects across the berm and onto the adjacent barrier island. Comparison of these data with data from prior sampling efforts can provide information about sediment interactions and movement between the berm and the natural island platform, improving insight into short-term morphologic change and processes in this barrier-island system. This data series serves as an archive of sediment data collected in July 2013 from the Chandeleur Islands sand berm and adjacent barrier-island environments. Data products, including descriptive core logs, core photographs and x-radiographs, results of sediment grain-size analyses, sample location maps, and Geographic Information System (GIS) data files with accompanying formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FDGC) metadata, can be downloaded from https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/894/ds894_data.html. Purpose: This zip archive includes a Microsoft Excel workbook with three spreadsheets summarizing the results of grain-size analyses from sediment samples collected in July 2013 from the northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana (U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity Number 13BIM05). Supplemental_Information: Grain-size analyses were performed with a Coulter LS 200 (https://www.beckmancoulter.com/) particle-size analyzer, which uses laser diffraction to measure the size distribution of sediments ranging in size from 0.4 microns to 2 millimeters (mm) (clay to very coarse-grained sand). A total of 194 sediment samples were analyzed. To prevent shell fragments from damaging the LS 200, particles greater than 1 mm in diameter were separated from all samples prior to analysis with a number 18 (1000 microns, 1 mm) U.S. standard sieve, which meets the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E11 standard specifications for determining particle size using woven-wire test sieves. Two subsamples from each sample were processed through the LS 200 a minimum of three runs each. The LS 200 measures the particle-size distribution of each sample by passing sediment suspended in solution between two narrow panes of glass in front of a laser. Light is scattered by the particles into characteristic refraction patterns measured by an array of photodetectors as intensity per unit area and recorded as relative volume for 92 size-related channels (bins). The size-classification boundaries for each bin were specified based on the ASTM E11 standard. The raw grain-size data were run through the free, widely available program GRADISTAT (Blott and Pye, 2001; http://www.kpal.co.uk/gradistat.html), which calculates the geometric (in metric units) and logarithmic (in phi units; Krumbein, 1934) mean, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis of each sample using the Folk and Ward (1957) method and the cumulative particle-size distribution. GRADISTAT also calculates the fraction of sediment from each sample by size category (for example, clay, coarse silt, fine sand) based on a modified Wentworth (1922) size scale. A macro ("Average and Check Standard Deviation") developed by the USGS was applied to calculate the average and standard deviation of each sample set (six runs per sample) and highlight runs that varied from the set average by more than 1.5 standard deviations. Excessive deviations from the mean are likely the result of equipment error or extraneous material in the sample and are not considered representative of the sample. Runs that deviated excessively were removed from the results, and the sample average was recalculated using the remaining runs. The grain-size data can be downloaded from https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/894/ds894_data.html. The unedited output files, which are sorted by core number or sample type (for example, surface or submerged grab sample), can be downloaded from https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/894/downloads/13BIM05_grainsize_GRADISTAT-Statistics.zip. Each file includes the output spreadsheets with statistics for each sample run and the sand-silt-clay ternary diagram generated by GRADISTAT along with averaged statistics for each sample generated by the USGS Average and Check Standard Deviation macro application. GRADISTAT calculates statistics for several parameters that do not apply to this dataset or future analyses. For example, GRADISTAT calculates the arithmetic mean grain size of each sample; however, an arithmetic grain-size scale is generally not used in sedimentology because the standard grain-size classifications (Wentworth, 1922) are not based on a normal (Gaussian) distribution, which tends to overemphasize coarse sediment, whereas geometric scales and their derivative log-normal scales place equal emphasis on the small size differences between fine particles (for example, clay and silt) and the larger size differences between coarse particles (for example, pebbles and cobbles). Other parameters, such as percent gravel, do not apply to this dataset because particles coarser than 1 mm were removed from the samples prior to processing. The averaged results for the subset of statistical parameters that apply to these data are summarized in three spreadsheets, which can be downloaded from https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0894/downloads/13BIM05_Grain_Size.zip. These metadata are not complete without the data dictionary (https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/894/downloads/metadata/grainsize_data-dictionary.pdf) included in this archive, which applies specifically to the summary statistics spreadsheets. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20130705 Ending_Date: 20130719 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.850652 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.820558 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.017232 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.886867 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:035b1ddc-559a-45b3-a628-03482949f2d5 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: geomorphology Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Sediment Theme_Keyword: Grab sample Theme_Keyword: Push core Theme_Keyword: Grain size Theme_Keyword: GRADISTAT Theme_Keyword: Barrier Island Evolution Research project Theme_Keyword: Barrier Island Mapping Theme_Keyword: 13BIM05 Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Louisiana Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Chandeleur Islands Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests acknowledgment as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Noreen Buster Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Microsoft Excel Version 2010 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Blott, S.J., and Pye, K. Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Gradistat: A grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated sediments Edition: Version 8.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Issue_Identification: Volume 26 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 1237-1248 Online_Linkage: http://www.kpal.co.uk/gradistat.html Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The grain-size data presented in the summary statistics spreadsheets (https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0894/downloads/13BIM05_Grain_Size.zip) represent the sample averages for a subset of the statistical parameters calculated by GRADISTAT. The number of runs included in the averaged results is also reported, and the standard deviation of the averaged results is reported for most parameters. Logical_Consistency_Report: The complete grain-size dataset, including all GRADISTAT parameters, results of individual sample runs, and standard deviations for all sample averages, is included in the unedited output files (https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/894/downloads/13BIM05_grainsize_GRADISTAT-Statistics.zip). Sample runs in the output files for which the mean Folk and Ward grain size varied from the set average by more than 1.5 standard deviations are highlighted in yellow and not included in the final averaged results. Completeness_Report: This is a complete grain-size dataset that includes results for 194 sediment samples from 11 grab and 18 push core sites and were collected from the northern Chandeleur Islands in July 2013 (U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity Number 13BIM05). Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: 11 surface and subaqueous grab samples and 18 short push cores were collected from the northern Chandeleur Islands in July 2013 (USGS Field Activity Numbers 13BIM05). Samples were transported to the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) for analysis. Process_Date: 2013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Noreen Buster Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: At the SPCMSC sediment lab the cores were x-rayed, split lengthwise, photographed, and described using standard sediment-logging methods. Informal sedimentary units were picked within each core based on changes in observed texture and frequency or intensity of laminations. The cores were subsampled for grain-size analysis at 2- to 3-cm intervals with 1-cm buffers around the unit boundaries to avoid sampling across units. Process_Date: 2014 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Noreen Buster Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Process_Step: Process_Description: Grain-size analyses were performed with a Coulter LS 200 (https://www.beckmancoulter.com/) particle-size analyzer, which uses laser diffraction to measure the size distribution of sediments ranging in size from 0.4 microns to 2 millimeters (mm) (clay to very coarse-grained sand). A total of 194 sediment samples were analyzed. In order to prevent shell fragments from damaging the LS 200, particles greater than 1 mm in diameter were separated from all samples prior to analysis with a number 18 (1,000 microns, 1 mm) U.S. standard sieve, which meets the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E11 standard specifications for determining particle size using woven-wire test sieves. Two subsamples from each sample were processed through the LS 200 a minimum of three runs each. The LS 200 measures the particle-size distribution of each sample by passing sediment suspended in solution between two narrow panes of glass in front of a laser. Light is scattered by the particles into characteristic refraction patterns measured by an array of photodetectors as intensity per unit area and recorded as relative volume for 92 size-related channels (bins). The size-classification boundaries for each bin were specified based on the ASTM E11 standard. Process_Date: 2014 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Noreen Buster Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The raw grain-size data were run through the free, widely available program GRADISTAT (Blott and Pye, 2001; http://www.kpal.co.uk/gradistat.html), which calculates the geometric (in metric units) and logarithmic (in phi units; Krumbein, 1934) mean, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis of each sample using the Folk and Ward (1957) method and the cumulative particle-size distribution. GRADISTAT also calculates the fraction of sediment from each sample by size category (for example, clay, coarse silt, fine sand) based on a modified Wentworth (1922) size scale. A macro application developed by the USGS was applied to calculate the average and standard deviation of each sample set (six runs per sample) and highlight runs that varied from the set average by more than 1.5 standard deviations. Excessive deviations from the mean are likely the result of equipment error or extraneous material in the sample and are not considered representative of the sample. Runs that deviated excessively were removed from the results, and the sample average was recalculated using the remaining runs. Process_Date: 2014 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 13BIM05_grainsize_GRADISTAT-Statistics.zip Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Noreen Buster Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The averaged results for all samples, including the number of runs included and the standard deviation of the averaged results were merged into three summary spreadsheets. Process_Date: 2013 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 13BIM05_grainsize_summary-statistics.xlsx Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Noreen Buster Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 802-5000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized by adding theme keyword thesauri and associated keywords. Process_Date: 20180327 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The detailed attribute descriptions for the summary statistics spreadsheets are provided in the included data dictionary (https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/894/downloads/metadata/grainsize_data-dictionary.pdf). These metadata are not complete without this file. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Data Dictionary for Grain-Size Data Tables, in Buster and others, Sediment data collected in 2013 from the northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 894, http://doi.org/10.3133/ds894. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Noreen Buster Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Resource_Description: 13BIM05_grainsize_summary-statistics.xlsx Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Microsoft Excel Format_Version_Number: 2010 Format_Specification: Tabular data Format_Information_Content: This zip archive contains a Microsoft Excel workbook with the grain-size summary statistics for sediment samples collected in July 2013 (USGS Field Activity Number 13BIM05) and associated metadata. File_Decompression_Technique: Unzip Transfer_Size: 0.248 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0894/downloads/13BIM05_Grain_Size.zip Fees: None, if obtained online Technical_Prerequisites: This workbook was created using Microsoft Excel 2010 and can be opened using Microsoft Excel 2007 or higher; these data may also be viewed using the free Microsoft Excel Viewer (http://www.microsoft.com/). Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Noreen Buster Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests acknowledgment as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None