14BIM05_SSS_50cm_WGS84_UTM16N_Tile2: The 0.50-meter sample resolution of the side-scan sonar data collected in 2014 near Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana. This is tile two of four for this dataset.

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
14BIM05_SSS_50cm_WGS84_UTM16N_Tile2: The 0.50-meter sample resolution of the side-scan sonar data collected in 2014 near Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana. This is tile two of four for this dataset.
Abstract:
As part of the Barrier Island Monitoring Project, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted nearshore geophysical surveys off Breton and Gosier Islands, Louisiana, in July and August of 2014. To assist the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) with restoration planning efforts, the USGS was tasked with answering fundamental questions about the physical environment of the southern Chandeleur Islands, including the geology, morphology, and oceanography. Baseline data needed to answer these questions was either insufficient or missing in the area. The USGS conducted a comprehensive geologic investigation in the summer of 2014 by collecting geophysical and sedimentological data. Breton Island, located at the southern end of the Chandeleur Island chain, Louisiana, was recognized as a natural and globally important nesting sanctuary for several bird species and was established as the Breton National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in 1904. The aerial extent of Breton Island has diminished 90% since 1920. Land loss is attributed to ongoing relative sea-level rise, diminished sediment supply, and storm impacts. The bird population on Breton Island has also declined over the years, most notably after Hurricane George in 1998 and Hurricane Katrina in 2015, which completely submerged the island. Despite the decreasing habitable acreage, migratory seabirds continue to return and utilize Breton Island. To prevent the island from being completely submerged in the future and to protect, stabilize, and provide more nesting and foraging areas for the birding population, the USFWS is proposing a restoration effort to rebuild Breton Island to its pre-Katrina footprint. This Data Series serves as an archive of processed interferometric-swath, single-beam bathymetry, and side-scan sonar data collected in the nearshore of Breton and Gosier Islands, NWR, Louisiana. The data were collected during two USGS cruises (USGS Field Activity Numbers 2014-314-FA and 2014-317-FA) in July and August 2014. Geographic Information System data products include a 100 meter-cell-size interpolated bathymetry grid surface, trackline maps, and point data files. Additional files include error analysis maps, Field Activity Collection System logs, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2016, 14BIM05_SSS_50cm_WGS84_UTM16N_Tile2: The 0.50-meter sample resolution of the side-scan sonar data collected in 2014 near Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana. This is tile two of four for this dataset.:.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    DeWitt, Nancy T., Fredericks, Jake J., Flocks, James G., Miselis, Jennifer L., Locker, Stanley D., Kindinger, Jack L., Bernier, Julie C., Kelso, Kyle W., Reynolds, B.J., Wiese, Dana, and Browning, Trevor, 2015, Archive of bathymetry and backscatter data collected in 2014 nearshore Breton and Gosier Islands, Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana.: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1005, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Florida.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.164998
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.122385
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.466098
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.376717
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 2014
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Raster data set. It contains the following raster data types:
      • Dimensions 19675 x 7911 x 1, type Grid Cell
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 16
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
      False_Easting: 500000.0
      False_Northing: 0
      Planar coordinates are encoded using row and column
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.5
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.5
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters
      The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Funds for this report are part of project funds for the Louisiana Outer Coast Early Restoration Project, obtained by the natural resource trustees for the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, pursuant to the Framework for Early Restoration Addressing Injuries Resulting from the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill executed April 20, 2011. USFWS is the project lead for the North Breton Island Barrier Island Restoration project. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Nancy T. DeWitt
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    ndewitt@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This zip archive contains one of four GEOTIFF files of SSS data collected in August 2014 from FAN 2014-317-FA subfan 14BIM05.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2014 (process 1 of 3)
    Side-Scan Sonar Acquisition: Side-scan sonar was collected using the Klein 3900 dual-frequency side-scan sonar system (SSS). SSS data were acquired and recorded using Klein'™s SonarPro software version 12.1 (Klein Associates, Inc.), which was used to manage cable out and layback offsets. Horizontal offset values between the side-scan sonar towfish and the DGPS antennas were entered into SonarPro. The towfish motion was measured dynamically by internal sensors of the instrument, and towfish altitude (height from seafloor) was calculated by SonarPro. Data files were recorded in an Extended Triton Format (XTF). Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Nancy T. DeWitt
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    ndewitt@usgs.gov
    Date: 2014 (process 2 of 3)
    Side-Scan Sonar Processing: The Klein 3900 raw data files (.sdf) files were processed using CleanSweep version 3.6.1 processing software. Processing steps included bottom tracking and applying angle-varying gain in order to normalize the across-track backscatter amplitude. The raw navigation (GPS antenna position) and motion data were also reviewed and cleaned of any errors due to noise. The side scan was towed behind the vessel, thus a layback and offset from the GPS antenna was applied to the georeferenced mosaic output. The Klein side scan displayed some unexplained variation in the recording gain levels, which necessitated modification of the look-up-tables for many swaths of data in order to balance the final image intensity. Some mismatch on the backscatter intensity is still evident in the final mosaic, but the general patterns of backscatter intensity variation are meaningful and usable. The final backscatter mosaic was output to a GeoTIFF at 0.30-m pixel resolution and tiled into four sections to provide reasonable file sizes. The GeoTIFF imagery is presented as gray scale with low backscatter as darker shades. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Nancy DeWitt
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    ndewitt@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • RAW SSS data files in an Extended Triton Format (XTF).
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • 14BIM05_SSS_50cm_WGS84_UTM16N_Tile2.tif
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 3 of 3)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    The accuracy of the data is determined during data collection. Methods are employed to maintain data collection consistency aboard various platforms. During mobilization, each piece of equipment is isolated to obtain internal and external offset measurements with respect to the survey platform. All critical measurements are recorded manually and digitally and entered into their respective programs. Efforts are made to use the same equipment and software versions on the system; however, upgrades and changes can occur and require additional setup, measurements, and notation. For the side-scan sonar (SSS) data collection, the navigation information was recorded in real-time kinematic mode via the CODA Octopus F190R Precision Attitude and Positioning System. Differential GPS correction was obtained through the Marinestar High Performance (HP) broadcast subscription from Fugro, Inc. The manufacturer's stated horizontal accuracy is 10 centimeters (cm) 95% of the time. Appropriate offsets between the F190R wet pod and DGPS antennas were measured and entered into the CodaOctopus F190R internal setup program and used for calibration. Once calibration was complete and the calibration status was considered acceptable, survey operations commenced. These geophysical data were not independently verified for accuracy.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Navigation information was recorded in real-time kinematic mode via the CODA Octopus F190R Precision Attitude and Positioning System. Differential GPS correction was obtained through the Marinestar High Performance (HP) broadcast subscription from Fugro, Inc. The manufacturer's stated horizontal accuracy is 10 cm 95% of the time.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    This side-scan sonar data do not include or represent vertical data.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This is a completely processed 0.50-meter resolution grid of the side-scan sonar data. This tile is one of four tiles created to accommodate easier file manipulation and data transfer.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    The side-scan sonar geophysical data were collected during one research cruise (FAN 2015-317-FA, subfan 14BIM05) in August 2014. Refer to http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1005/ds-logs for field logs, vessel platform descriptions, and other survey information. This dataset was created to provide a 0.50-meter grid of the backscatter amplitude data.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be referenced as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. These data should not be used for navigational purposes.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Nancy DeWitt
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    ndewitt@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable data
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These raster images were created for use with software packages such as Esri ArcGIS software and Global Mapper.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey
Attn: Nancy DeWitt
Geologist
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

727-502-8000 (voice)
ndewitt@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/14BIM05_SSS_50cm_WGS84_UTM16N_Tile2_metadata.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Tue Sep 21 18:18:29 2021