Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Kelly A. Murphy Originator: Kimberly K. Yates Originator: David G. Zawada Publication_Date: 20210121 Title: Seafloor elevation change from 2002 to 2016 in the Upper Florida Keys Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Multimedia presentation Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P9P42DUR Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9P42DUR Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Kimberly K. Yates Originator: David G. Zawada Originator: Nathan A. Smiley Originator: Ginger Tiling-Range Publication_Date: 20170420 Title: Divergence of seafloor elevation and sea level rise in coral reef ecosystems Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Publication Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Munich, Germany Publisher: Biogeosciences Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1739-2017 Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted research to quantify bathymetric changes in the Upper Florida Keys (UFK) from Triumph Reef to Pickles Reef within a 242.4 square-kilometer area. USGS staff calculated changes in seafloor elevation from 2002 to 2016 using light detection and ranging (lidar)-derived data acquired by the USGS in 2001 and 2002 and lidar-derived data acquired by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in 2016 and 2017. Most of the elevation data from these two time periods was collected during 2002 and 2016. As an abbreviated naming convention, we refer to this study time period and dataset as 2002-2016. An elevation change analysis between the 2002 and 2016 lidar data was performed to quantify and map impacts to seafloor elevation and to determine elevation and volume change statistics for 13 habitat types found in the UFK. This elevation change study was conducted under Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary permit FKNMS-2016-068. Purpose: These data were used to determine seafloor elevation and volume changes, from 2002 to 2016, in the Upper Florida Keys. Supplemental_Information: The 2002 lidar data were collected by the USGS using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), a pulsed laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure subaerial and submarine coastal topography. The 2016 lidar data were collected by the NOAA National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Remote Sensing Division using a Riegl VQ-820-G system. The lidar data are an ancillary product of NOAA's Coastal Mapping Program (CMP), created through a wider Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping initiative to increase support for multiple uses of the data. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20010710 Ending_Date: 20170220 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.465007 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.109513 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.478116 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.963888 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:86f852de-2a45-4325-bc06-bae67f8aeb3a Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: reef ecosystems Theme_Keyword: digital elevation models Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics Theme_Keyword: coelenterates Theme_Keyword: sea-level change Theme_Keyword: lidar Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: seafloor elevation Theme_Keyword: seafloor erosion Theme_Keyword: submerged topography Theme_Keyword: sea level rise Theme_Keyword: elevation change Theme_Keyword: seafloor accretion Theme_Keyword: altimetry Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Science Directory Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > WATER DEPTH Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > EROSION Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > SEA LEVEL RISE Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > CORAL REEFS Theme_Keyword: DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD Instrument Theme_Keyword: LIDAR > LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System Place_Keyword: Florida Keys Place_Keyword: Florida Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Florida Reef Tract Place_Keyword: Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: submerged Stratum_Keyword: seafloor Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: 2002-2016 Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kimberly K. Yates Contact_Organization: Southeast Region: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8059 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kyates@usgs.gov Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Datasets were visually compared by USGS staff in Esri ArcGIS Desktop Advanced version 10.6 for identification of anomalous elevations or data inconsistencies. Logical_Consistency_Report: Data cover the area specified for this project, without any known issues. Completeness_Report: This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record and Yates and others (2017) carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: For the 2016 lidar, the data positions were obtained using post-processed kinematic global positioning system (KGPS) methods. The horizontal accuracy of the 2002 and 2016 data is better than plus or minus 1.0 meter (m); Quantitative Value: 1.0 m. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: For the 2016 lidar, the data positions were obtained using post-processed KGPS methods. Data used to validate the lidar were collected with static GPS observational equipment and compared against the published data. The vertical accuracy of the 2002 data is better than plus or minus 0.20 m; Quantitative Value: 0.20 m. The vertical accuracy of the 2016 data is better than plus or minus 0.15 m; Quantitative Value: 0.15 m. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS), Remote Sensing Division Publication_Date: 20170614 Title: 2016 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar DEM: Florida Keys Outer Reef Block 02 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: DEM Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Charleston, SC Publisher: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Other_Citation_Details: 2017a Online_Linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/49423 Type_of_Source_Media: topobathy data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20160721 Ending_Date: 20161121 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 2016 lidar Source_Contribution: The original lidar data used to calculate elevation and volume change statistics in the Upper Florida Keys from 2002 to 2016. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS), Remote Sensing Division Publication_Date: 20170712 Title: 2016 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar DEM: Florida Keys Outer Reef Block 03 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: DEM Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Charleston, SC Publisher: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Other_Citation_Details: 2017b Online_Linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/48374 Type_of_Source_Media: topobathy data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20160721 Ending_Date: 20161121 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 2016 lidar Source_Contribution: The original lidar data used to calculate elevation and volume change statistics in the Upper Florida Keys from 2002 to 2016. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Geodetic Survey (NGS), Remote Sensing Division Publication_Date: 20180219 Title: 2017 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar DEM: Florida Keys Outer Reef Block 04 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: DEM Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Charleston, SC Publisher: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Online_Linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/51529 Type_of_Source_Media: topobathy data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20170216 Ending_Date: 20170220 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 2016 lidar Source_Contribution: The original lidar data used to calculate elevation and volume change statistics in the Upper Florida Keys from 2002 to 2016. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: John C. Brock, C. Wayne Wright, Matt Patterson, Amar Nayegandhi, Judd Patterson, Melanie S. Harris, and Lance Mosher Publication_Date: 2006 Title: EAARL submarine topography—Biscayne National Park Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: DEM Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: United States Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1118/HTML/home.htm Type_of_Source_Media: bathymetric data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20010710 Ending_Date: 20020809 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 2002 lidar Source_Contribution: The original lidar data used to calculate elevation and volume change statistics in the Upper Florida Keys from 2002 to 2016. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: John C. Brock, C. Wayne Wright, Amar Nayegandhi, Matt Patterson, Iris Wilson, and Laurinda J. Travers Publication_Date: 200712 Title: EAARL Submarine Topography - Northern Florida Keys Reef Tract Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: DEM Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: United States Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1432/start.html Type_of_Source_Media: bathymetric data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20010710 Ending_Date: 20020809 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 2002 lidar Source_Contribution: The original lidar data used to calculate elevation and volume change statistics in the Upper Florida Keys from 2002 to 2016. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute Publication_Date: 20170113 Title: Unified Florida Reef Tract Map Version 2.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Shapefile Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: Fish and Wildlife Research Institute Online_Linkage: http://ocean.floridamarine.org/IntegratedReefMap/UnifiedReefTract.htm Type_of_Source_Media: Vector digital data Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19910101 Ending_Date: 20130101 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Habitat file Source_Contribution: This shapefile was used to divide the DEM by habitat types using Unified Classification (UC) Class Level 2. Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 1: The original 2002 Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) Submarine Topography: Biscayne National Park and EAARL Submarine Topography: Northern Florida Keys Reef Tract digital elevation models (DEMs) were downloaded from two U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Open-File Reports (Brock and others, 2006 and Brock and others, 2007). Horizontal coordinates were provided in the North American Horizontal Datum of 1983 (NAD83) Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 17 North, GRS80 ellipsoid; and vertical positions were referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88), in meters (m). Global Mapper version 19.1 was used to export the two DEMs as a single, merged lidar DEM in the geographic tagged image file format (GEOTIFF). Using VDatum version 3.9, a publicly available software from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (https://vdatum.noaa.gov/, accessed on September 7, 2018), the merged 2002 lidar DEM was transformed from NAD83 to NAD83 National Spatial Reference System of 2007 (NSRS2007) National Readjustment horizontal datum, and from GEOID03 to the GEOID12B geoid model. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 2: The original 2016 DEMs were acquired from NOAA’s Data Access Viewer (https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/) using the “Custom Download” capability of NOAA’s Digital Coast website. The elevation search option was used to download three topobathymetric datasets: 2016 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar: Florida Keys Outer Reef Blocks 02, 03, and 2017 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar: Florida Keys Outer Reef Block 04 (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2017a, b; and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2018). The data were downloaded with the following parameters: “Projection”: UTM; “Zone”: Zone 17 Range 084W-078W; “Horizontal Datum”: NAD83; “Horizontal Units”: Meters; “Vertical Datum”: NAVD88; “Vertical Units”: Meters; “File Format”: TIFF 32-bit Float; “Bin Method”: TIN; “Bin Size”: 1.0; “Bin Units”: Meters; “Data Classification”: Bathymetric Lidar Points; “Data Returns”: Any Points; “Ancillary Data”: No Ancillary Data; and “Geoid Name”: GEOID12B. Using Global Mapper, the three DEMs were merged into a single DEM and transformed into the NAD83 (NSRS2007) National Readjustment horizontal datum. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 3: The 2016 DEM contained a small region of sub-aerial elevations that were manually removed in Global Mapper. Polygons encompassing the sub-aerial regions were created using the “Digitizer” tool and the “Create New Feature Area” function. The polygons were selected, and the “Cut Out Currently Selected Polygon(s)” parameter was enabled within the “Cropping” tab of the 2016 DEM “Elevation Options” window to remove the section of the 2016 DEM that intersects with the polygons encompassing the sub-aerial elevations. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 4: Using Esri ArcGIS Desktop Advanced version 10.6 (ArcMap), footprints of the original 2002 and 2016 DEMs were created with the “Reclassify (Spatial Analyst)” tool. To create each raster file, all old data values were replaced with the number 1 and “No Data” values were left as “No Data”. The “Raster to Polygon (Conversion)” tool was then used to create a footprint of each original DEM by converting the raster files to polygon shapefiles, creating the 2002_UFK_Footprint and 2016_UFK_Footprint shapefiles. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 5: A polygon shapefile of the geometric intersection between the two DEMs was created with the “Intersect (Analysis)” tool by adding the 2002_UFK_Footprint and 2016_UFK_Footprint shapefiles as “Input features”, creating the Intersect_Footprint shapefile. Then, the 2002 and 2016 DEMs were clipped to the extent of the Intersect_Footprint shapefile using the “Clip (Data Management)” tool by specifying one of the DEMs as the “Input Raster”, the Intersect_Footprint shapefile as the “Output Extent”, and box checked for “Use Input Features for Clipping Geometry”, creating the 2002_UFK_LidarClip and 2016_UFK_LidarClip GEOTIFFs. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 6: A 2-m grid was generated in Global Mapper using the “Digitizer” tool. To define the correct geographic location and extent of the 2-m grid, the Intersect_Footprint shapefile was opened. When the Intersect_Footprint shapefile was opened, it automatically displayed in the NAD83 horizontal datum, despite being set to the NAD83 (NSRS2007) National Readjustment horizontal datum. Using the “Configure” tool, the correct horizontal datum was specified. The “Digitizer” tool was used to select the Intersect_Footprint shapefile, and within the “Advanced Feature Creation Options” window, “Create Regular Grid of User Specified Size/Orientation” was selected to create a 2-m spaced grid with the following parameters: “Grid Cell Width”: 2; “Grid Cell Height”: 2; “Calculate Grid Cell Counts to Fill Rectangle”: enabled; “Crop Generated Grid to Selected Area Feature”: enabled; “Keep Area if Any Part in Crop Area”: enabled; “Create Points at Grid Cell Centers”: enabled; and “Crop to Selected Area Feature(s)”: enabled. The remaining default parameters were left the same, and the tool was run, creating the 2-m grid at the extent of the Intersect_Footprint shapefile. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 7: The 2-m grid was shifted to center the grid points on the DEM pixels. The 2-m grid was selected using the “Digitizer” tool in Global Mapper, and in the “Move/Reshape Feature(s)” window, the “Shift (Offset) Selected Feature(s)” tab was selected to open the “Specify Offset to Apply to Point(s)” menu and the following parameters were set: “Units”: meters; “X/Longitude Offset”: +0.5; and “Y/Latitude Offset”: +0.5. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 8: Grid points that were shifted into no-data areas were removed to avoid the extraction of no-data values. The Intersect_Footprint shapefile was selected using the “Digitizer” tool, and the 2-m grid was left unselected. The 2-m grid “Options” menu was opened by right clicking the 2-m grid layer in the “Control Center”, and “Export Layers to New File(s)” was selected from the “Layer” window. Within the “Select Export Format” menu, “Data Format” was set to Shapefile. The “Export Bounds” tab was selected, and the “Crop to Selected Area Features” parameter was enabled in the “Shapefile Export Options” window. By exporting the 2-m grid with this parameter enabled, grid points that were in no-data areas were removed, creating the 2m_grid shapefile. Before the next steps, the 2m_grid shapefile was reimported into Global Mapper. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 9: Horizontal coordinates (x,y) were added by selecting the 2m_grid shapefile with the “Digitizer” tool and “Add Coordinates/Bounds Attributes to Selected Features” was selected from the “Attribute/Style Functions” window. Horizontal coordinates were added to each grid point based on the projection of the data frame. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 10: Elevation values were extracted from the 2002 and 2016 DEMs at the location of the 2m_grid shapefile. The 2002 DEM was opened in Global Mapper and the resampling method was changed by opening the “Options” menu of the DEM and “Resampling” was set to No Resampling (Nearest Neighbor). The DEM and 2m_grid shapefile were selected using the “Digitizer” tool. Within the “Attributes/Style Functions” window, “Apply Elevations to Selected Feature(s)” was selected, with “Terrain Layers” as the only selected parameter. An attribute named ELEVATION was created containing the elevation values extracted from the 2002 DEM. Using the “Digitizer” tool, the “Edit Selected Features” window was selected to rename the ELEVATION attribute to ELEV2002. The same steps were repeated to extract elevation values from the 2016 DEM at the location of the 2m_grid shapefile and to rename the ELEVATION attribute containing the 2016 extracted elevation values to ELEV2016. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 11: The elevation-difference between the 2002 and 2016 extracted elevation values was calculated using the “Digitizer” tool. The 2m_grid shapefile was selected and “Calculate/Copy Attributes for Feature Selection” was selected from the “Attribute/Style Functions” window. The elevation-difference was calculated using the following parameters: “Select Existing or Create New Attribute to Assign Calculated Values”: Diff_m; “Source Attribute”: ELEV2016; “Operation”: Subtract; and “Use Attribute Value”: ELEV2002. ELEV2016 represents the modern elevation values and ELEV2002 represents the historical elevation values. The final 2-m grid was exported using the “Export Layers to New File(s)” function with “Data Format” set to Shapefile, creating the 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_Points shapefile. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 12: The original Unified Florida Reef Tract Map version 2.0 shapefile was downloaded from http://ocean.floridamarine.org/IntegratedReefMap/UnifiedReefTract.htm. Using ArcMap, the original habitat shapefile was modified using the “Clip (Analysis)” tool to clip the habitat shapefile to the extent of the 2002 and 2016 DEMs by specifying the habitat shapefile as the “Input Features” and the Intersect_Footprint shapefile as the “Clip Features”, creating the 2002_2016_UFK_HabitatClip shapefile. Using the “Select by Attribute” tool, 13 individual habitat shapefiles were created from 2002_2016_UFK_HabitatClip shapefile by selecting one ClassLv2 habitat and exporting as a separate shapefile. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Steps 13: Elevation change statistics were determined by habitat type using the elevation-difference points from the 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_Points shapefile in ArcGIS Pro version 2.1.3. The “Select Layer by Location (Data Management)” tool was used to extract points within or on the boundary of a specific habitat type by using the following parameters: “Input Feature Layer”: 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_Points; “Relationship”: INTERSECT; “Selecting Features”: Habitat shapefile; “Search Distance”: left blank; and “Selection Type”: NEW_SELECTION. An ArcGIS Pro model was created to automate the process, since these steps had to be repeated for 13 habitat types. Elevation change statistics were compiled by habitat type into a comma separated values (CSV) file using Microsoft Excel 2016, see 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationStatistics.csv. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 14: An elevation change surface model was created in ArcMap using the calculated elevation-difference (Diff_m) points from the 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_Points shapefile. Due to the memory limitation ArcMap encounters when attempting to edit large Triangulated Irregular Networks (TINs), a Python script was developed to create and edit a TIN following the Yates and others (2017) TIN creation method. Using the Python script, a TIN was created from the Diff_m points using the “Create Tin (3D Analyst)” tool by specifying the 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_Points shapefile as the “Input Feature Class”, Diff_m as the “Height Field” and Mass_Points as the “Type”, creating the 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_TIN file. The 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_TIN file was then delineated using the “Delineate TIN Data Area (3D Analyst)” tool by specifying the 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_TIN file as the “Input TIN”, a “Maximum Edge Length” of 2.828428 (hypotenuse of a triangle with 2-m legs) and the “Method” set to ALL. The delineated 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_TIN file was clipped to the extent of the 2002 and 2016 DEMs using the “Edit TIN (3D Analyst)” tool with the following parameters: “Input TIN”: 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_TIN file; “Input Features Class”: Intersect_Footprint shapefile; “Height Field”: None; “Tag Field”: None; and “Type”: Hard clip. Due to the large file size of the final 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_TIN file, ArcMap couldn’t render or run geoprocessing tools on the TIN, and therefore, ArcGIS Pro was used for subsequent processing steps. Process_Date: 2020 Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 15: Volume change statistics per habitat type were calculated using the final 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationChange_TIN file in ArcGIS Pro. Surface volume changes were calculated for four cases using the “Surface Volume (3D Analyst)” tool. To calculate the net erosion lower limit (case 1) the “Reference Plane” was set to BELOW and the “Plane Height” set to -0.24 m. For the net erosion upper limit (case 2) the “Reference Plane” was set to BELOW and the “Plane Height” set to 0 m. For the net accretion lower limit (case 3) the “Reference Plane” was set to ABOVE and the “Plane Height” was set to 0.24 m. For the net accretion upper limit (case 4) the “Reference Plane” was set to ABOVE and the “Plane Height” was set to 0 m. A 0.24 m threshold was determined by vertical error analysis using the uncertainties reported in the metadata of the original 2002 (0.20 m) and 2016 (0.15 m) DEMs to calculate the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.24 m. Minimum net volume change was calculated by summing results from cases 1 and 3. Maximum net volume change was calculated by summing results from cases 2 and 4. Area normalized volume change lower limit was calculated by dividing the minimum net volume change for each habitat by the habitat's total area. The area normalized volume change upper limit was calculated by dividing the maximum net volume for each habitat by the habitat's total area. An ArcGIS Pro model was created to automate the process, since these steps had to be repeated for 13 habitat types. Volume change statistics were compiled by habitat type in CSV format using Excel, see 2002_2016_UFK_VolumeStatistics.csv. Process_Date: 2020 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 60585610 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 17 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: METERS Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 National Spatial Reference System (2007) Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) GEOID12B Altitude_Resolution: 0.2 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2002_2016_UFK_ElevationStatistics.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Upper Florida Keys elevation change statistics per habitat type from 2002 to 2016. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Habitat types in Upper Florida Keys study site Attribute_Definition: The habitat types found in the Upper Florida Keys study site. Habitat types are defined by the Unified Florida Reef Tract Map Version 2.0 and based on the Unified Classification (UC) system Class Level 2. Attribute_Definition_Source: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Total Study Site Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The total Upper Florida Keys study site, includes 13 habitat types. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Aggregate Reef Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Aggregate reef larger than 1 hectare (ha), contiguous reef, lacking sand channels. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Colonized Pavement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Contiguous to patchy pavement, lacking spur and groove channel formation, presence of macroalgae, hard coral, gorgonians, and other sessile invertebrates, dense enough to obscure underlying rock. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Individual or Aggregated Patch Reef Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Patch reefs smaller than 1 ha, isolated reefs often with distinct halo or reef features covering >10% of the area. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Not Classified Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Areas where habitat has not been classified. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Contiguous to patchy pavement, lacking spur and groove channel formations. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with Sand Channels Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Alternating linear sand and pavement formations, perpendicular to reef crest. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with Seagrass Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Contiguous to patchy pavement, lacking spur and groove channel formations with seagrass. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Reef Rubble Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unconsolidated, dead, unstable coral rubble. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Scattered Coral Rock in Unconsolidated Sediment Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mostly sand, reef features covering <10% of the area. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Seagrass Continuous Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Continuous seagrass beds. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Seagrass Discontinuous Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Discontinuous seagrass beds. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Spur and Groove Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Alternating linear sand and coral formations, perpendicular to reef crest. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unconsolidated Sediment Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unconsolidated sediment. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute: Attribute_Label: Total Points (no.) Attribute_Definition: The total number of points within or on the boundary of each Upper Florida Keys habitat type. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 75944 Range_Domain_Maximum: 60585610 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: number of points Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mean Historical Elevation (m) Attribute_Definition: Mean elevation per habitat type in the Upper Florida Keys study site for 2002, in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -9.75 Range_Domain_Maximum: -5.84 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mean Modern Elevation (m) Attribute_Definition: Mean elevation per habitat type in the Upper Florida Keys study site for 2016, in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -9.71 Range_Domain_Maximum: -5.89 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mean Elevation Change (m) Attribute_Definition: Mean elevation change per habitat type in the Upper Florida Keys study site from 2002 to 2016, in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.21 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.24 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mean Elevation Change SD (m) Attribute_Definition: Standard deviation of the mean elevation change, in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.21 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.4 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elevation Loss Points (no.) Attribute_Definition: The total number of erosion points within or on the boundary of each Upper Florida Keys habitat type. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 16030 Range_Domain_Maximum: 29981815 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: number of points Attribute: Attribute_Label: Max Loss (m) Attribute_Definition: Maximum erosion per habitat type in the Upper Florida Keys study site from 2002 to 2016, in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -7.13 Range_Domain_Maximum: -1.44 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mean Loss (m) Attribute_Definition: Mean erosion per habitat type in the Upper Florida Keys study site from 2002 to 2016, in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.27 Range_Domain_Maximum: -0.11 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mean Loss SD (m) Attribute_Definition: Standard deviation of the mean erosion, in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.11 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.19 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elevation Gain Points (no.) Attribute_Definition: The total number of accretion points within or on the boundary of each Upper Florida Keys habitat type. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 24259 Range_Domain_Maximum: 30603795 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: number of points Attribute: Attribute_Label: Max Gain (m) Attribute_Definition: Maximum accretion per habitat type in the Upper Florida Keys study site from 2002 to 2016, in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.14 Range_Domain_Maximum: 15.13 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mean Gain (m) Attribute_Definition: Mean accretion per habitat type in the Upper Florida Keys study site from 2002 to 2016, in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.15 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.36 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mean Gain SD (m) Attribute_Definition: Standard deviation of the mean accretion, in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.16 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.36 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2002_2016_UFK_VolumeStatistics.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Volume statistics by habitat type in the Upper Florida Keys from 2002 to 2016. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Habitat Types in the Upper Florida Keys Study Site Attribute_Definition: The habitat types found in the Upper Florida Keys. Habitat types are defined by the Unified Florida Reef Tract Map Version 2.0 and based on the Unified Classification (UC) system Class Level 2. Attribute_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Total Study Site Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The total Upper Florida Keys study site, includes 13 habitat types. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Aggregate Reef Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Aggregate reef larger than 1 hectare (ha), contiguous reef, lacking sand channels. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Colonized Pavement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Contiguous to patchy pavement, lacking spur and groove channel formation, presence of macroalgae, hard coral, gorgonians, and other sessile invertebrates, dense enough to obscure underlying rock. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Individual or Aggregated Patch Reef Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Patch reefs smaller than 1 ha, isolated reefs often with distinct halo or reef features covering >10% of the area. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Not Classified Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Areas where habitat has not been classified. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Contiguous to patchy pavement, lacking spur and groove channel formations. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with Sand Channels Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Alternating linear sand and pavement formations, perpendicular to reef crest. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with Seagrass Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Contiguous to patchy pavement, lacking spur and groove channel formations with seagrass. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Reef Rubble Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unconsolidated, dead, unstable coral rubble. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Scattered Coral Rock in Unconsolidated Sediment Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mostly sand, reef features covering <10% of the area. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Seagrass Continuous Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Continuous seagrass beds. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Seagrass Discontinuous Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Discontinuous seagrass beds. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Spur and Groove Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Alternating linear sand and coral formations, perpendicular to the reef crest. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unconsolidated Sediment Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Unconsolidated sediment. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: FWC Attribute: Attribute_Label: Habitat Area (km^2) Attribute_Definition: Habitat area, in kilometers squared. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.3 Range_Domain_Maximum: 242.12 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: km^2 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Gross Erosion Lower Limit (10^6m^3) Attribute_Definition: Gross erosion minimum volume per habitat, in millions of cubic meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3.77 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 10^6 m^3 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Gross Erosion Upper Limit (10^6m^3) Attribute_Definition: Gross erosion maximum volume per habitat, in millions of cubic meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.01 Range_Domain_Maximum: 21.91 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 10^6 m^3 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Gross Accretion Lower Limit (10^6m^3) Attribute_Definition: Gross accretion minimum volume per habitat, in millions of cubic meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.9 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 10^6 m^3 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Gross Accretion Upper Limit (10^6m^3) Attribute_Definition: Gross accretion maximum value per habitat, in millions of cubic meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 30.05 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 10^6 m^3 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Net Volume Change Lower Limit (10^6m^3 Study Area^-1) Attribute_Definition: Net volume change lower limit per habitat, in millions of cubic meters per study area. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.04 Range_Domain_Maximum: 6.12 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 10^6 m^3 study area^-1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Net Volume Change Upper Limit (10^6m^3 Study Area^-1) Attribute_Definition: Net volume change upper limit per habitat, in millions of cubic meters per study area. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -2.01 Range_Domain_Maximum: 8.14 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 10^6 m^3 study area^-1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Area Normalized Volume Change Lower Limit (10^6m^3 km^-2) Attribute_Definition: Area normalized volume change lower limit per habitat, in millions of cubic meters per kilometer squared. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.06 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.07 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 10^6 m^3 km^-2 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Area Normalized Volume Change Upper Limit (10^6m^3 km^-2) Attribute_Definition: Area normalized volume change upper limit per habitat, in millions of cubic meters per kilometer squared. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -0.24 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.23 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 10^6 m^3 km^-2 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kimberly K. Yates Contact_Organization: Southeast Region: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8059 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kyates@usgs.gov Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: SHP, CSV, GeoTIFF Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 10.6, RFC 4180, TIFF 6.0 Format_Specification: Esri point and polygon shapefiles, comma-separated values, geographic tagged image file format. Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9P42DUR/data/2002_2016_UFK_Elevation_Volume_Statistics.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9P42DUR/data/2002_2016_UFK_Points.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9P42DUR/data/2002_UFK_LidarClip.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9P42DUR/data/2016_UFK_LidarClip.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9P42DUR/data/UFK_HabitatClip.zip Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201217 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Kimberly K. Yates Contact_Organization: Southeast Region: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8059 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kyates@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998