U.S. Geological Survey 20170812 Tabular digital data U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F7N29VV5 St. Petersburg, FL St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N29VV5 The U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS-SPCMSC) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Field Research Facility (USACE-FRF) of Duck, North Carolina collaborated to gather alongshore ground-based lidar beach topography at Fire Island, New York. This high-resolution, elevation dataset was collected on January 30, 2012, and was funded by SPCMSC. The USGS data release containing the aforementioned dataset includes the resulting, processed elevation point data (XYZ) and an interpolated digital elevation model (DEM). To collect, process, and disseminate beach topography along 31 kilometers (km) of Fire Island, NY beach, stretching from the eastern boundary of Robert Moses State Park to the Otis Pike Wilderness Area near Hospital Island. The eastern terminus of this survey is approximately 1.25 km east of the Wilderness Breach that opened during Hurricane Sandy in October 2012, and approximately 1.5 km west of the Fire Island Wilderness Visitor Center. The USACE-FRF team acquired and performed initial processing of the high-resolution lidar data, which is only one component of a larger dataset collected using the CLARIS platform. 20120130 ground elevation Complete As needed -73.22699289 -72.88229587 40.73271509 40.62213367 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:2b806d71-83ca-43b8-9c58-ff289b7891bb ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation elevation oceans USGS Thesaurus geology hazards marine geology coastal processes topography None elevation data ground-based lidar CLARIS Coastal Lidar and Radar Imaging System U.S. Geological Survey Global Change Master Science Directory (GCMD) LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BARRIER ISLANDS OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BEACHES DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Fire Island Fire Island National Seashore Long Island New York United States None 2014 None Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey, St Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center as the originator of these data in future products or derivative research. U.S. Geological Survey Cheryl J. Hapke mailing and physical address

600 4th Street South

St Petersburg FL 33701-4846 USA 727-502-8068 727-502-8001 chapke@usgs.gov Owen T. Brenner Cheryl J. Hapke Nicholas J. Spore Katherine L. Brodie Jesse E. McNinch 20170812 U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F7N29VV5 St. Petersburg, FL St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N29VV5 Owen T. Brenner Cheryl J. Hapke Nicholas J Spore Katherine L. Brodie Jesse E. McNinch 20150226 U.S. Geological Survey Data Series DS 921 St. Petersburg, FL St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center https://doi.org/10.3133/ds921 Owen T. Brenner Cheryl J. Hapke Nicholas J. Spore Katherine L. Brodie Jesse E. McNinch 20150916 U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F77H1GNN St. Petersburg, FL St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center https://doi.org/10.5066/F77H1GNN Areas of data overlap were initially compared against each other to measure repeatability. Depending on the distance from the base station, which was an Ashtech Z-Xtreme GPS receiver installed on a temporary benchmark at the U.S. Coast Guard Fire Island station, the accuracy of the scans varied from 5 to 15 centimeters (cm). The fixed structures (for example, houses, rooflines, or decks) were used to measure repeatability and the base station benchmark was used to measure accuracy. Previous airborne lidar from a 2011-2012 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) survey was also used as an alternative fixed structure comparison. Repeatability: 5-15 cm Accuracy: 5-10 cm Lidar beach morphology data were collected by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE) Coastal Lidar and Radar Imaging System (CLARIS) vehicle on January 30, 2012. For data collection and processing methods, refer to Brenner and others, 2015. The survey vehicle traveled approximately 5 kilometers per hour (km/h) along two 31 km shore parallel transits; the first transit surveyed the seaward side of the dune and upper beach while the second transit surveyed the area near the shoreline and lower beach. The survey was designed to provide a significant overlap area of data coverage, which is used to verify system accuracy and assess survey precision. This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. 10 cm 10 cm USACE-FRF Processing - Data for the survey extents was collected along with a boresight to resolve subtle differences between the scanner and the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). After collection, the data were post-processed using multiple software packages to produce the final digital elevation model product. 2012 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Nick Spore Research Civil Engineer mailing and physical address

USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility

1261 Duck Road

Kitty Hawk NC 27949 USA 252-261-6840 ext: 231 252-261-4432 nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Terrestrial global positioning system (GPS) data were post-processed with National Geodetic Survey's Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) and integrated with post-processed IMU data through Applanix's POSPac global navigation satellite system (GNSS) software to derive a smoothed, best estimate of trajectory (SBET). After processing, quantitative quality-metrics were analyzed to ensure the trajectory accuracy met the manufacturer's specified values. 2012 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Nick Spore Research Civil Engineer mailing and physical address

USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility

1261 Duck Road

Kitty Hawk NC 27949 USA 252-261-6840 ext: 231 252-261-4432 nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil http://www.frf.usace.army.mil The SBET was imported into Riegl's RiProcess lidar software, where the lidar point cloud was rectified and geo-registered to a particular coordinate system, projection, and geoid model as well as applying boresight values for roll, pitch and yaw. Control monuments and previously validated datasets were used for comparison, to determine the accuracy of the survey. These were measured by cutting cross-sections of the current survey overlayed on previously validated data within the software through stable structures such as houses, monuments, and road centerlines. 2012 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Nick Spore Research Civil Engineer mailing and physical address

USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility

1261 Duck Road

Kitty Hawk NC 27949 USA 252-261-6840 ext: 231 252-261-4432 nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil http://www.frf.usace.army.mil The processed point cloud was manipulated within RiProcess to delineate the shoreline, filter structures and vegetation, and classify points as water, vegetation, structures, and ground. The classified point cloud was exported as a .las (1.1) file. 2012 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Nick Spore Research Civil Engineer mailing and physical address

USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility

1261 Duck Road

Kitty Hawk NC 27949 USA 252-261-6840 ext: 231 252-261-4432 nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil http://www.frf.usace.army.mil The .las file was imported into Applied Imagery's QTModeler software where a mean-z (elevation) algorithm was applied to the point cloud data to grid the data at 0.5-meter resolution. Anti-aliasing was also applied to increase the precision of the triangulation by subdividing each grid cell into 16 equal segments and recording which segment contained the point that was used to represent the elevation value of the grid cell. When triangulation occurs, this increased level of precision will enhance the accuracy of the triangles and the subsequent sampling that occurs. The sub-grid was not retained after the model was created. During the model triangulation, any grid cells with no data were assigned a value of "null" - for example, no data exists. After gridding was completed, XYZ point data were exported as a space delimitated .txt file, projected in the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) UTM Zone 18N (North American Vertical Datum of 1988 [NAVD88] GEOID12B meters). 2017 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Nick Spore Research Civil Engineer mailing and physical address

USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility

1261 Duck Road

Kitty Hawk NC 27949 USA 252-261-6840 ext: 231 252-261-4432 nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil http://www.frf.usace.army.mil SPCMSC Processing - The XYZ .txt file was converted to an ArcGIS multipoint feature using the 'Create Feature Class from XYZ Table’ tool within ArcCatalog 10.2.2. The output feature class was assigned as NAD83 UTM Zone 18N, NAVD88 GEOID12B. XYZ point features are QA/QC’ed to remove any outlier points. 2017 U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Owen Brenner Geologist mailing and physical address

600 4th Street South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 U.S. 727-502-8085 727-502-8001 obrenner@usgs.gov Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. 20201013 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov point Point 7,572,728 Universal Transverse Mercator 18 0.999600 -75.000000 0.000000 500000.000000 0.000000 row and column 1.000000 1.000000 meters North American Datum 1983 Geodectic Reference System 80 6378137.000000 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum 1988 GEOID12B 0.001 m meter Attribute values 20120131_CLARIS_XYZ.txt Comma delimited XYZ point file U.S. Geological Survey X_UTM UTM x-axis coordinate (Zone 18N) U.S. Geological Survey 649951.7696 678841.2696 Meter Y_UTM UTM y-axis coordinate (Zone 18N) U.S. Geological Survey 4498960.6758 4510603.1758 Meter NAVD88 z-value (elevation) in NAVD88 U.S. Geological Survey -0.567 15.392 meters Comma delimited text file containing UTM X, UTM Y locations and corresponding Z elevation value, all in meters (NAD83, UTM Zone 18N, NAVD88). Beach topography point data for Fire Island, NY, created from data collected during a ground-based lidar survey conducted on January 30, 2012. After post-processing, the lidar point cloud was gridded within QTModeler into NAD83 UTM Zone 18N and corresponding vertical value is in NAVD88. U.S. Geological Survey, St Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL Cheryl J. Hapke mailing and physical address

600 4th Street South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727-502-8068 727-502-8001 20120131_CLARIS_XYZ.txt Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. ASCII 10.2.2 7-zip file containing comma delimited XYZ point elevation file Use WinZip or 7-Zip 37.1 https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7N29VV5/data/20120130_CLARIS_XYZ.zip None 20210922 20170809 U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Owen Brenner Geologist mailing and physical address

600 4th Street South

St. Petersburg Florida 33701 U.S. 727-502-8085 727-502-8001 obrenner@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998