Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nicholas J. Zaremba Publication_Date: 20151205 Title: Raw and processed Ground Penetrating Radar and post-processed Differential Global Positioning System data collected from Assateague Island, Maryland, October 2014 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Tabular digital data, vector digital data Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0989/ds989_data_downloads.html Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Nicholas J. Zaremba Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: Arnell S. Forde Originator: Christopher G. Smith Publication_Date: 20151205 Title: Ground Penetrating Radar and Differential GPS Data Collected from Assateague Island, Maryland, 2014 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Publication (Other) Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: 989 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds989 Description: Abstract: Scientists from the United States Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS-SPCMS) acquired sediment cores, sediment surface grab samples, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) data from Assateague Island, Maryland, in October (FAN 2014-322-FA) 2014. The objectives were to identify washover deposits in the stratigraphic record to aid in understanding barrier island evolution. The report associated with this metadata record serves as an archive of GPR and DGPS data collected from Assateague Island in October 2014. Data products and accompanying Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata can be downloaded from the Data Downloads page located at, http://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ds989/ds_data_downloads.html. Purpose: This data series [AF2] consists of elevation corrected GPR profiles in Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) format, raw GPR trace data and post-processed DGPS data in American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) format and Keyhole Markup Language (KML) data collected on Assateague Island. The data were collected as part of the Barrier Island Wetland Change Assessment (BIWC) (http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/sandy-wetland-assessment/). The primary goal of the BIWC project is to quantify the physical changes that storm processes have on barrier-island wetlands and marsh ecosystems. Supplemental_Information: Data were collected during USGS field activity 2014-322-FA. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20141023 Ending_Date: 20141026 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.19903 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.13172 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.10989 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.25004 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:37dc4deb-ca90-40b1-9eff-17c86cdf02aa Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Theme_Keyword: subsurface profile Theme_Keyword: Barrier Island Mapping Theme_Keyword: FAN 2014-322-FA Theme_Keyword: trackline Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: Maryland Place_Keyword: Assateague Island Place_Keyword: Chincoteague Bay Access_Constraints: None. Please see 'Distribution Information' for details. Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originators of the data in future products or derivative research. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Southeast Region Contact_Person: Nicholas J. Zaremba Contact_Position: Researcher IV Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nzaremba@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.2.2 (Build 3552) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Completeness_Report: A total of 44 GPR lines, representing a linear distance of approximately 10.5 kilometers, were acquired during field activity 2014-322-FA. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Location information associated with each GPR line was determined by post-processed differential correction using a base/rover setup. Briefly, the field setup consisted of two (rover and base station) Ashtech ProFlex Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, collecting raw GNSS data, at 5 Hertz (Hz), Thales choke-ring antennas, tripods and data recorders. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Location information associated with each GPR line was determined by post-processed differential correction using a base/rover setup. Briefly, the field setup consisted of two (rover and base station) Ashtech ProFlex Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, collecting raw GNSS data, at 5 Hertz (Hz), Thales choke-ring antennas, tripods and data recorders. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: GPR processing: The GPR data were processed using Sandmeier Scientific Software’s Reflexw Version 7.2.2 geophysical near surface processing and interpretation software (http://www.sandmeier-geo.de/reflexw.html). Each GPR data file was imported into Reflex and converted from Radan’s proprietary DZT (.dzt) format to a .dat file. Next, a variety of processing steps were used including: applying static correction, subtracting-mean (dewow), removing header gain, and applying manual AGC gain. After these initial processing steps, the GPS and elevation data were integrated into the trace headers. Lastly, all profiles were inspected for data quality to ensure no navigation or trace data gaps were present before being output in ASCII format for the trace data (which can be downloaded at pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0989/downloads/2014-322-FA_GPR ASCII Raw Data.zip) and JPEG format for the profile images. If any issues were discovered during the QA/QC process, this information was noted for each affected line and recorded in the metadata. A velocity of 0.06 m/ns was used to calculate and display depth on the elevation-corrected profiles. Process_Date: 20150107 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physcial address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St.Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727)502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Navigation processing: During acquisition, uncorrected real-time rover positions were output as a NMEA GGA string at a 9600 baud rate to an external GPS Acumen data logger [puck] and saved as a .plt file. A Matlab script written by C. Smith was used to extract the line name, time, latitude and longitude from each line's .plt file and this information was then saved as a CSV file. Process_Date: 20141026 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Julie Bernier Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physcial address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jbernier@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 44 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: 500000.0 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2014-322-FA_GPR ASCII Raw Data.zip Entity_Type_Definition: File containing each raw, unprocessed GPR profile in ASCII format. Many XYZ processing programs will not accept column header labels therefore they were not placed in the file. Column 1= Horizontal distance (meters), Column 2= elevation, Column 3= two way travel time, Column 4= Amplitude. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Horizontal distance Attribute_Definition: This column indicates the location in meters from the start(0) to the end of the GPR profile, this column can be used to locate the postion of reflections. The distance data was collected using the distance measureing wheel. Attribute_Definition_Source: Reflexw Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Values start with 0 (the begining of the profile) and end with the total distance covered by the profile, units are in meters. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elevation Attribute_Definition: All values in this column are 0 as a result of elevation data being contained in the GGA string and not recorded in the ASCII file. Attribute_Definition_Source: Reflexw Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Values are all zero, since elevation data has not been applied. Attribute: Attribute_Label: two way travel time Attribute_Definition: This column records the two way travel time in nanoseconds that it takes to reach a reflection from the source. Attribute_Definition_Source: Reflexw Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 200 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Amplitude Attribute_Definition: Amplitude of reflection in Megahertz Attribute_Definition_Source: Reflexw Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Data represents the amplitude of the reflection, which can vary widely, values can be either negative or positive. Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2014-322-FA_GPR DGPS data.zip Entity_Type_Definition: File containing the processed navigation data for the GPR profiles. Data does not contain column lables Column 1= Message ID $GPGGA, Column 2= UTC of position fix, Column 3= Latitude, Column 4= Direction of latitude: N, Column 5= Longitude, Column 6= Direction of longitude: W, Column 7= GPS Quality indicator:0: Fix not valid 1: GPS fix 2: Differential GPS fix, OmniSTAR VBS 4: Real-Time Kinematic, fixed integers 5: Real-Time Kinematic, float integers, OmniSTAR XP/HP or Location RTK, Column 8= Number of SVs in use, range from 00 through to 24+, Column 9= HDOP, Column 10= Orthometric height (MSL reference), Column 11= M: unit of measure for orthometric height is meters, Column 12= Geiod Seperation, Geiod 13= M: geoid separation measured in meters, Column 14= Age of differential GPS data record, Type 1 or Type 9. Null field when DGPS is not used. Column 15= Reference station ID, range 0000-4095. A null field when any reference station ID is selected and no corrections are received. Column 16= The checksum data, always begins with *. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute: Attribute_Label: Message ID $GPGGA Attribute_Definition: The type of file, indicates it is a GGA string. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Attribute is a file format identification. Attribute: Attribute_Label: UTC of position fix Attribute_Definition: GPS time in seconds. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Value is GPS time, increases by 1 every second. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Latitude Attribute_Definition: The latitude of the XYZ point, latitude is projected in UTM 18N. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Values are degrees of latitude, spatial data. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Direction of latitude: Attribute_Definition: Direction of latitude is in the Northern(N) Hemisphere. Attribute_Definition_Source: GravNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The attribute indicates that the degree of latitude is in the Northern Hemisphere. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Longitude Attribute_Definition: The longitude of the XYZ data point. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Values are the degree of longitude, spatial data. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Direction of longitude: Attribute_Definition: Direction of longitude is in the Western(W) Hemisphere. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The attribute indicates that the degree of longitude is in the western Hemisphere. Attribute: Attribute_Label: GPS Quality indicator: 0: Fix not valid 1: GPS fix 2: Differential GPS fix, OmniSTAR VBS 4: Real-Time Kinematic, fixed integers 5: Real-Time Kinematic, float integers, OmniSTAR XP/HP or Location RTK Attribute_Definition: Defines the type and quality of the DGPS data. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Number of SVs in use, range from 00 through to 24+ Attribute_Definition: Number of satelites utilized by the program to process the data. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 00 Range_Domain_Maximum: 24 Attribute: Attribute_Label: HDOP Attribute_Definition: Horizontal Dilution of Precision (HDOP) expresses the effect of satelite postions on the precision of the reported postions. < 1 Ideal, 1-2 Excellend, 2-5 good, 5-10 moderate, 10-20 fair, >20 poor. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 20 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Orthometric height (MSL reference) Attribute_Definition: Height of the XYZ postion in reference to NAVD88 using GEIOD12A. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Elevation above the GEIOD12A in meters, spatial data. Attribute: Attribute_Label: M: unit of measure for orthometric height is meters Attribute_Definition: The orthometric height is reported in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Indicates data is reported in meters. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Geoid separation Attribute_Definition: Seperation between GEIOD12A and the reference ellipsoid NAVD88 in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Seperation between GEIOD12A and the reference ellipsoid NAVD88 in meters. Attribute: Attribute_Label: M: geoid separation measured in meters Attribute_Definition: Defines that the seperation between GEIOD12A and the reference ellipsoid NAVD88 measured in meters(m). Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Indicates data is reported in meters. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Age of differential GPS data record, Type 1 or Type 9. Null field when DGPS is not used. Attribute_Definition: The corrected DGPS time Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Reference station ID, range 0000-4095. A null field when any reference station ID is selected and no corrections are received Attribute_Definition: Refers to the reference station used to process the DGPS data presented in this dataset. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4095 Attribute: Attribute_Label: The checksum data, always begins with * Attribute_Definition: The name of the checksum data used to detect errors. Attribute_Definition_Source: GrafNav Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Numbers increase sequentially by 1. Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2014-322-FA_GPR Profile Images.zip Entity_Type_Definition: File contains the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images of the processed GPR profiles with the elevation corrections applied. For shore perpendicular profiles west is on the left hand side, east is on the right hand side. For shore-parallel north is on the left hand side south is on the right hand side. Data were exported from REFLEXW using a vertical velocity of 0.06 m/ns. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2014-322-FA_GPR KML.zip Entity_Type_Definition: File contains Keyhole Markup Language (KML) files of the GPR profiles. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: 2014-322-FA_GPR KML.zip Attribute_Definition: This file contains the spatial data associated with the GPR profiles in KML format, KML format can be viewed in google earth. Attribute_Definition_Source: Google earth Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Spatial data. Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2014-322-FA_GPR profile parameters.xlsx Entity_Type_Definition: Microsoft Excel table listing the parameters assigned to each GPR profile during collection in the field. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Line Attribute_Definition: Lists the profile name. Attribute_Definition_Source: User defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 136 Range_Domain_Maximum: 179 Attribute: Attribute_Label: scans/second Attribute_Definition: The horizontal sampling rate if the system is in continous data collection mode. Attribute_Definition_Source: User defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: All lines were collected at a rate of 64 scans/second. Attribute: Attribute_Label: scans/unit(m) Attribute_Definition: Scan/unit(m) refers to the number of scans per horizontal meter. Attribute_Definition_Source: User defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: All lines were collected at a rate of 20 scans/unit. Attribute: Attribute_Label: samples/scan Attribute_Definition: Sample/scan set the number of data samples in a vertical scan. Attribute_Definition_Source: User defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: All lines were collected at a rate of 1024 samples/scan. Attribute: Attribute_Label: bits/sample Attribute_Definition: The bits/sample determine the dynamic range of the data. Attribute_Definition_Source: User defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: All lines were collected at 16 bits/sample. Attribute: Attribute_Label: dielectric constant Attribute_Definition: This column lists the assumed dielectric constant assigned to the GPR during collection of data, this determine the vertical scale in meters during data collection. Attribute_Definition_Source: User defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Lines 136-147 and 152-179 were collected with a dielectric constant of 15, 148-151 were collected with a dielectric constant of 23. Attribute: Attribute_Label: range(ns) Attribute_Definition: range(ns) is the maximum two way travel time in nanoseconds that is viewed during data collection. Attribute_Definition_Source: User defined Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Lines 136-147 were collected with a range of 200, Lines 148-151 were collected with a range of 100, lines 152-171 were collected with a range of 175 and lines 172-179 were collected with a range of 150. Attribute: Attribute_Label: MHz Attribute_Definition: The MHz of the antennae used to collect the data, 200 and 400 MHz antennaes were used. Attribute_Definition_Source: Defined by antennae used. Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Lines 136-171 were collected with a 200 MHz antennae, lines 172-179 were collected with a 400 MHz antennae. Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2014-322-FA_FACs_Digital.zip Entity_Type_Definition: Portable Document Format (PDF) files of the field logs, list of crew and equipment used during field activity 2014-322-FA. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the dataset. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the dataset. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Nicholas J. Zaremba Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Southeast Region Contact_Position: Researcher IV Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727)-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nzaremba@usgs.gov Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Compressed (zip) archive Format_Version_Date: 20151205 Format_Specification: Vector digital data, tabular digital data, raster data Format_Information_Content: These zip archives contain GPR profile data in ASCII format, DGPS GGA strings associated with the GPR profiles, Google earth KML files of the GPR profiles, JPEG images of the processed GPR profiles with elevation corrections applied, list of crew and equipment used in PDF format and GPS acquistion parameters in excel XLSX format. File_Decompression_Technique: Unzip Transfer_Size: 3260 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0989/downloads/2014-322-FA_GPR_ASCII_Raw_Data.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0989/downloads/2014-322-FA_GPR_DGPS_data.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0989/downloads/2014-322-FA_GPR_Profile_Images.zip Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the dataset. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Nicholas J. Zaremba Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Southeast Region Contact_Position: Researcher IV Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St.Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nzaremba@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998