Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 20170424 Title: Ground-Based XYZ Point Elevation Data Collected in May 2015 From Fire Island, New York Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Tabular digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 1049 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1049/downloads/201505_Ground_Based_XYZ.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Timothy R. Nelson Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke Originator: Owen T. Brenner Originator: Rachel E. Henderson Originator: Billy J. Reynolds Originator: Kathleen E. Wilson Publication_Date: 20170424 Title: Coastal bathymetry data collected in May 2015 from Fire Island, New York: The wilderness breach and shoreface Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 1049 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1049 Description: Abstract: Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center in St. Petersburg, Florida, conducted a bathymetric survey of Fire Island, New York, from May 6 to 20, 2015. The U.S. Geological Survey is involved in a post-Hurricane Sandy effort to map and monitor the morphologic evolution of the wilderness breach as a part of the Hurricane Sandy Supplemental Project GS2-2B. During this study, bathymetry data were collected with single-beam echosounders and Global Positioning Systems, which were mounted to personal watercraft, along the Fire Island shoreface and within the wilderness breach. Additional bathymetry and elevation data were collected using backpack Global Positioning Systems on flood shoals and in shallow channels within the wilderness breach. Purpose: To determine the change Hurricane Sandy caused to the shoreface morphology and breach evolution at Fire Island, New York, USA, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) conducted a bathymetric survey of Fire Island from May 6 to 20, 2015. The objectives of the data collection were to map the morphology of the shoreface and the wilderness breach as part of the USGS Hurricane Sandy Supplemental Project GS2-2B. This dataset, 201505_Ground_Based_XYZ.zip, consists of elevation data collected with a backpack GPS system from subaerial and shallow flood shoals. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20150506 Ending_Date: 20150520 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.90793139 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.88394551 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.73824263 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.72281912 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:03ef7af6-8b72-4a08-9f9a-c73776236db1 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Science Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BARRIER ISLANDS Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BEACHES Theme_Keyword: DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme_Keyword: shoals Theme_Keyword: interferometry Theme_Keyword: single-beam echosounder Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: Hurricane Sandy Supplemental: Fire Island Theme_Keyword: Hurricane Sandy Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificinformation Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: oceans Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Fire Island Place_Keyword: Fire Island National Seashore Place_Keyword: Long Island Place_Keyword: New York Place_Keyword: United States Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: 2015 Access_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be referenced as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Use_Constraints: These data should not be used for navigational purposes. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Timothy R. Nelson Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701-4846 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8098 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: trnelson@usgs.gov Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The accuracy of the data is determined during data collection. This dataset is derived from a single field survey using identical equipment, set-ups, and staff; therefore, the dataset is internally consistent. Methods are employed to maintain data collection consistency aboard the platform. During mobilization, each piece of equipment was isolated to obtain internal- and external-offset measurements with respect to the survey platform. All the critical measurements were recorded manually and then digitally entered into their respective programs. For ground-based measurements, elevation between the ground and antenna was measured for each surveyor in a walking stride and accounted for during postprocessing. For the GPS base stations, the Ashtech ProFlex 500 system has a long static horizontal accuracy of 0.3 centimeters (cm) and 0.6 cm vertical accuracy. For the rovers, the postprocessed kinematic horizontal instrument accuracy is 1 cm and vertical accuracy is 2 cm. The Echotrac CV100 Digital Hydrographic Echo Sounder has a vertical accuracy of 0.01 m +/- 0.1 percent depth. Logical_Consistency_Report: The U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center collected shallow water bathymetric data of the shoreface and the wilderness breach on Fire Island, New York, in May 2015. Completeness_Report: This zip archive contains postprocessed horizontal position and vertical elevation point data (x,y,z) acquired with a backpack mounted GPS along the shoreface of Fire Island and the wilderness breach. This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the online Data Series and the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The GPS antenna and receiver acquisition configuration used at the reference station was duplicated on the survey backpack (rover). The base receiver and the rover receiver recorded their positions concurrently at 10Hz recording intervals throughout the survey. All processed measurements are referenced to the base-station coordinates. All static base station GPS sessions were submitted for processing to the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National Geodetic Survey (NGS) On-Line Positioning User Service (OPUS) software. OPUS results provided an error measurement for each daily solution with a horizontal accuracy estimated as 0.5 cm root mean squared (RMS). Rover kinematic (rover) GPS data were processed with GrafNav v8.50 software by Novatel. The combined horizontal error for the rover was assumed to be, at most, half of the calculated vertical uncertainty. Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 4.3 cm Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Static GPS data were processed using NOAA/NGS OPUS software and kinematic GPS data were processed with GrafNav v8.50 software by Novatel. Uncertainty was determined using Matlab (2015b). Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The GPS antenna and receiver acquisition configuration used at the reference station was duplicated on the mount. The base receiver and the rover receiver recorded the positions concurrently at 10 Hertz (Hz) recording intervals throughout the survey. All processed measurements are referenced to the base-station coordinates. OPUS results provided an error measurement for each daily solution. Applying these error measurements, the vertical accuracy of the base station was estimated to be 0.3 cm root mean squared (RMS). The kinematic (rover) trajectories were processed using GrafNav version 8.50 software by Novatel, Inc. An RMS of the elevation differences at backpack GPS trackline crossings were evaluated to determine vertical uncertainty. The combined vertical error from the base station coordinate solutions and the rover trajectories was 8.5 cm. Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 8.5 cm Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Static GPS data were processed using NOAA/NGS OPUS software and kinematic GPS data were processed with GrafNav v8.50 software by Novatel. Trackline crossing elevation uncertainty were determined using Matlab (2015b). Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Process Description: GPS Acquisition: GPS base stations were erected at benchmarks REST (near the town of Robins Rest) and U374 (NGS benchmark Permanent Identification number (PID#) KU0206) located on Fire Island. The base stations were equipped with Ashtech ProFlex 500 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. The survey personal watercraft (PWC) (rovers) were equipped with ProFlex 500 GNSS receivers. The base and rover receivers recorded their positions concurrently at 10 Hertz (Hz) throughout the survey. Reference station coordinates were verified with Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) sites using the Online Positioning User Service (OPUS), available at http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/. U374 used reference stations ZNY1, NYRH, CTDA;, REST used stations NYCI, NYRH, and MOR6, and the VC base used MOR6, CTGU, AND NYRH. OPUS- computed reference stations had horizontal errors of 0.4 cm for REST, 0.5 cm for U374, and 0.3 cm for VC. Vertical errors were 0.2 cm for REST, 0.3 cm for U374, and 1.5 cm for VC. Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Billy J. Reynolds Contact_Position: Engineering Technician Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th St. S City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8067 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8181 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: breynolds@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Ground-Based Mapping: Elevation data were collected using two Ashtech Z-Xtreme GPS receivers mounted in SECO backpacks with Ashtech Marine antennas attached to a pole extending above the head of the surveyor. The elevation of the antennas relative to the ground was measured for each surveyor in a walking stride position (varying between 2.07 and 2.10 m). The surveyors did not follow a pre-defined path but collected data over as much of the subaerial and shallow shoals and beach as possible during low tide. Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Owen T. Brenner Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th St. S City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8085 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: obrenner@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Ground-Based Differentially Corrected Navigation Processing: Locations associated with backpack position were postprocessed using a differential correction derived from the base/rover setup. The base-station coordinates were imported into GrafNav version 8.5 (Waypoint Product Group) and the GPS data from the backpack surveys were processed to the concurrent GPS session data at the base stations. The horizontal and vertical coordinates of the backpack data points were saved in NAD83 and NAVD88 and exported as ASCII files. Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Billy J. Reynolds Contact_Position: Engineering Technician Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th St. S City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8067 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8181 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: breynolds@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Ground-Based Data Processing: Using ArcGIS, erroneous ground-based horizontal and vertical positions, such as those that occurred when the surveyor took off the backpack and was transported between shoals, were removed. Once all extraneous data points were removed, the remaining data were saved as an ASCII file. Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Owen T. Brenner Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th St. S City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8085 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: obrenner@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Ground-Based Error Analysis: Using Matlab (2015b), ground-based GPS elevation errors were calculated by segmenting temporally sequential elevations into 10-minute segments and identifying crossings between segments where an elevation was within at least 0.25 m. The calculated RMS of those intersections is 8.5 cm. Elevation differences between the ground-based and single-beam data points indicated the ground-based elevations were 1.8 cm higher than elevations recorded using PWCs. Given the high degree of uncertainty arising from variations in the stride of the backpack surveyor over a subaqueous surface, the data were adjusted to the single-beam elevation at the crossings. The adjusted positions, elevation, and time of sampling were saved as an ASCII file. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 201505_Ground_Based_XYZ.csv Process_Date: 2016 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Timothy R. Nelson Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th St. S City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8098 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: trnelson@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 69,557 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum 1988 Altitude_Resolution: 0.001 m Altitude_Distance_Units: meter Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 201505_Ground_Based_XYZ.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Comma-delimited x,y,z file containing location, elevation, and date information collected with backpack GPS systems Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: Easting_m Attribute_Definition: NAD83 UTM x-axis coordinate (Zone 18) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 676685 Range_Domain_Maximum: 678673 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meter Attribute: Attribute_Label: Northing_m Attribute_Definition: NAD83 UTM y-axis coordinate (Zone 18N) Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4510140 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4511806 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meter Attribute: Attribute_Label: elevation Attribute_Definition: z-value (elevation) in NAVD88 Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -5.678 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.089 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meter Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) date of sample collection Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 05/17/2015 Range_Domain_Maximum: 05/19/2015 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Comma-delimited x,y,z file containing UTM X, UTM Y locations and corresponding Z-elevation values, all in meters, as well as date of sample collection. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Nelson, T.R., Miselis, J.L., Hapke, C.J., Brenner, O.T., Henderson, R.E., Reynolds, B.J., Wilson, K.E., 20175, Coastal Bbathymetry Ddata Ccollected in May 2015 from Fire Island, New York—: tThe Wwilderness Bbreach and Sshoreface: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series ###, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds###. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL Contact_Person: Timothy R. Nelson Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8098 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: trnelson@usgs.gov Resource_Description: 201505_Ground_Based_XYZ.csv Distribution_Liability: This digital publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ASCII File_Decompression_Technique: ZIP Transfer_Size: 0.657 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1049/downloads/201505_Ground_Based_XYZ.zip Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210923 Metadata_Review_Date: 20160824 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Kathleen E. Wilson Contact_Position: Researcher Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8099 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: kwilson@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998