Post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Port St. Lucie, Florida, to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, October 13–15, 2016

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Port St. Lucie, Florida, to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, October 13–15, 2016
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts baseline and storm-response photography missions to document and understand the changes in the vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms. On October 13–15, 2016, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Port St. Lucie, Florida, to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, aboard a Cessna 182 aircraft at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,200 ft offshore. This mission was conducted to collect data for assessing incremental changes in the beach and nearshore area. The photographs provided are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. The photograph locations are an estimate of the aircraft's position and do not indicate the location of the features seen in the image. These photographs document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey. ExifTool (version 4.0) was used to add the following to the header of each photograph: time of collection, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Photographs can be opened with any JPEG-compatible image viewer by clicking on a thumbnail on the contact sheet. All image times are recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
Supplemental_Information:
For a summary of field activity 2016-360-FA please see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-360-FA. Bounding coordinates for the oblique aerial survey are derived from the overall flight path.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Morgan, Karen L.M., 20170907, Post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Port St. Lucie, Florida, to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, October 13–15, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F7154F67, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -81.455155
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.444329
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 37.137472
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 27.091491
  3. What does it look like?
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (2016-360-FA-Survey-Map.jpg) (JPG)
    Index map of survey area flight path during USGS field activity 2016-360-FA.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Area01.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 1 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Port St. Lucie, Florida, to Cape Canaveral, Florida. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Area02.jpgThis map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 2 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Cape Canaveral, Florida, to St. Augustine, Florida. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (2016-360-FA-Map-Area03.jpg) (JPG)
    This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 3 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from St. Augustine, Florida, to Brunswick, Georgia. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Area04.jpgThis map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 4 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Brunswick, Georgia, to Charleston, South Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Area05.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 5 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Charleston, South Carolina, to Bulls Bay, South Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Area06.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 6 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Bulls Bay, South Carolina, to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Area07.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 7 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, to Kure Beach, North Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Area08.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 8 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Kure Beach, North Carolina, to Beaufort, North Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Area09.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 9 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Beaufort, North Carolina, to Hatteras, North Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Area10.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Area 10 for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Hatteras, North Carolina, to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Inset01_Matanzas.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Matanzas Inset Map for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs at Matanzas Inlet, St. Augustine, Florida. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Inset02_Hatteras.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Hatteras Inset Map for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Hatteras, North Carolina, to Frisco, North Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Inset03_Rodanthe.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Rodanthe Inset Map for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs from Rodanthe, North Carolina, to Hog Island, North Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/data/2016-360-FA-LocationMaps.zip (JPG)
    2016-360-FA-Map-Inset04_PeaIslandNWR.jpg This map, found within the zip file, shows the extent of Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge Inset Map for the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs at the ranger station in the Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge, North Carolina. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. The images for each segment are contained in zip files named according to these 5-minute segments. This map shows the locations for each zip file in this area.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 13-Oct-2016
    Beginning_Time: 133602
    Ending_Date: 15-Oct-2016
    Ending_Time: 232934
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster and tabular digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      Indirect_Spatial_Reference: none
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is North American 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    2016-360-FA-Flightpath.csv, 2016-360-FA-Photolocations.csv.
    The “*Flightpath.csv" files contain the processed GPS information collected during the flight, while the “*Photolocation.csv" files contain a latitude position, longitude position, time, and image name for each image. (Source: USGS)
    PHOTO_ID
    Photograph identification number, using the filename format yyyy_mmdd_hhmmssd (Source: USGS) Oblique Images
    URL
    Path to low resolution version of the image. (Source: USGS) URL path defining the features.
    ZIPFILENAME
    Name of zip file containing the images. (Source: USGS) Zipfile name.
    LONGITUDE
    Longitude of photograph location, in decimal degrees (NAD83). (Source: USGS) Coordinates defining the features.
    LATITUDE
    Latitude of photograph location, in decimal degrees (NAD83). (Source: USGS) Coordinates defining the features.
    DATE_FLOWN
    Date images was captured, in yyyymmdd format. (Source: USGS) Date defining the features.
    TIME_UTC
    Time photograph was collected, in xxhxxmxxs format. Times were recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). (Source: USGS) Time defining the features.
    GEO_AREA
    The geographic area of the mission. (Source: USGS) States or regions partially covered in the oblique photographic mission.
    STATES
    The geographic area of the mission. (Source: USGS) The states included in the survey area of the mission.
    SURVEY
    USGS mission tracking number; also known as a field activity number (FAN). (Source: USGS) Mission number utilized by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology program’s data catalog, Compass, to track survey details and associated data. The Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/ provides a program-wide and center specific view of USGS public information on activities and data holdings.
    PRE_POST
    Identifies the flight as being pre-storm or post-storm. Baseline or Post-Storm status (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    PreFlight was prior to a storm.
    PostFlight was after a storm.
    STORM
    If the flight was conducted due to a storm, the name of the storm is listed. Name of Storm (or Baseline) (Source: USGS) The post-storm name is listed, if the flight was conducted pre- or post-storm, otherwise "Baseline" is entered.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Navigation files: The flightline navigation files are *_Flightpath.csv, the photolocations are in *_Photolocations.csv, and the Raw GPS is in *_RawGPSNav.txt. These files can be found in the data download table. The files (.csv and .txt) are comma-delimited ASCII text files.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: None

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Karen L.M. Morgan
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Funding and support for this study were provided by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP). The author wishes to thank pilot Lee McManis for his assistance with data collection.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To provide access to digital photographs taken as part of the October 13-15, 2016, post-Hurricane Matthew oblique aerial survey collected along the coast from Port St. Lucie, Florida, to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, and to provide access to attribute data that documents the time and location where each photograph was taken.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 25-Oct-2016 (process 1 of 6)
    Image Acquisition: Images were taken with a Nikon D810 digital camera and written to internal camera cards. Image size is approximately 36 megapixels. Images in JPEG format were saved using the filename format yyyy_mmdd_hhmmssd.jpg (where the "d" signifies digital acquisition using the Nikon D810). The names provide information about the photograph's year, month, day, hour, minute, and second. For example, image 2016_1013_133636d.jpg was taken October 13, 2016, at 13:36:36 UTC. Best attempts were made to set the Nikon D810's internal clock to within 1 second of UTC at the beginning of the flight. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 25-Oct-2016 (process 2 of 6)
    Navigation processing: Using a custom Practical Extraction and Reporting Language (Perl) script written by Karen Morgan, USGS, GPS data and image files were used to generate CSV file containing a latitude, longitude, and time record for each image. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 25-Oct-2016 (process 3 of 6)
    Geospatial Processing: The index map shows the extent of the USGS National Assessment Coastal Change Hazards (NACCH) Project oblique photographic flight mission. The data were collected with GPS equipment on-board the aircraft. Oblique photographic missions are flown prior to or after an extreme storm event, or at other times to collect "baseline" images. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 01-Dec-2016 (process 4 of 6)
    The imagery in this release was divided into areas (1-10). Each area is divided into 5-minute time segments. The images for each segment are zipped together and named for that segment of time for ease of download and review. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 25-Oct-2016 (process 5 of 6)
    EXIF headers: Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) and International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) headers were populated from the command prompt using ExifTool (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool, 2017) as part of the postflight processing using a Perl script written by Karen Morgan, USGS, St. Petersburg, FL. ExifTool added the following data to the EXIFHeader: time of collection, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 6 of 6)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Best attempts were made to set the camera to UTC time on the GPS receivers at the beginning of each flight. Latitude, longitude, and time were collected at an interval of approximately once every 3 to 5 seconds. Note: Latitude and longitude positions in the navigation files refer to the position of the aircraft, not the position of the landmarks photographed. Refer to the Process Steps below for more detail.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Data presented here include the digitally collected photographs in JPEG format with the Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) header embedded with the individual photograph's location along the flight path of the post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographic survey of the coast, taken from Port St. Lucie, Florida, to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. This mission was flown on October 13-15, 2016, aboard a Cessna 182 aircraft, tail number N8479S. Crew members, contracted by the USGS in St. Petersburg, FL, included Carol McManus, photography contractor, and pilot Lee McManis of Top Cover Virginia, LLC Still photography was collected along the coast during this survey. GPS Data Collection—Instrument: Garmin GPSMAP 696. Data Collection Interval: Variable, every 5-15 seconds. Data File Format: ASCII; Number of files created: 1 The GPS unit was used to record navigation fixes of the aircraft, not the position of the features imaged.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: CSV: Comma-separated values files representing table information collected during the flight. JPEG: Images can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer. TXT: Text files representing the navigation files, FACS log, metadata and readme files collected during and after the survey. PDF: Adobe Arcobat file representing the FACS log. in format CSV, JPEG, TXT, PDF
      Network links: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7154F67/
    • Cost to order the data: None.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
K. Morgan
USGS
Geologist
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

(727) 502-8037 (voice)
kmorgan@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/2016-360-FA-Metadata.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Tue Sep 21 18:18:31 2021