Ground Control Point Locations and Photographs From North Topsail Beach and Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, June 2019

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Ground Control Point Locations and Photographs From North Topsail Beach and Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, June 2019
Abstract:
Scientist from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) collected xyz locations for 53 Ground Control Points (GCP) in North Topsail Beach and within the Camp Lejeune Marine Corps Base, North Carolina, June 12-14, 2019. During this study, Global Positing System (GPS) data were collected using a single Spectra SP80 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver affixed to a 2-meter (m) survey pole. Additional attributes pertaining to each survey point have also been provided in 2019_330_FA_GCP_Final.csv as well as all photographs taken during data collection. Data are provided in the native format of the World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) International Terrestrial Reference Frame of 2008 (ITRF08) ellipsoid heights, as well as in the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) ellipsoid and NAD83 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88), GEOID12B.
Supplemental_Information:
For the GPS data, the differential positioning was obtained through post-processing the base station data to the rover. ExifTool (version 4.0) was used to add the following to the header of each photograph: time of collection, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Photographs can be opened with any JPEG-compatible image viewer.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Stalk, Chelsea A., Morgan, Karen L.M., Brown, Jenna A., and Sherwood, Christopher R., 20200408, Ground Control Point Locations and Photographs From North Topsail Beach and Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, June 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/P9R9DPFS, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.439168
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.255484
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.579861
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.484067
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 12-Jun-2019
    Ending_Date: 14-Jun-2019
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (53)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 18N
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
      False_Easting: 500000.000000
      False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.6096
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.6096
      Planar coordinates are specified in Meters
      The horizontal datum used is World Geodetic System of 1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_84.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.001
      Altitude_Distance_Units: Meters
      Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    2019_330_FA_GCP_Final.csv
    Comma-delimited x,y,z file containing location, elevation, and other information regarding the ground control points surveyed in North Topsail Beach and Camp Lejeune North Carolina. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    GCP Identifier
    Identifier associated with the individual ground control point. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Planned survey points (designated by a “PT” prefix) were numbered from 1-54 and placed from south to north, not all points were surveyed due to field conditions. Opportunity points (designated by an “OP” prefix) were numbered consecutively.
    Local Date
    Local date of data collection in MM/DD/YYYY format. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:6/12/2019
    Maximum:6/14/2019
    GMT Time
    GMT time of the start of the survey occupation in HH:MM:SS format. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:11:30:19
    Maximum:23:39:02
    Local Time
    Local time-Eastern Standard Time (EST) of the start of the survey occupation in HH:MM:SS format. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:07:30:19
    Maximum:19:39:02
    WGS84 (ITRF08) UTM18N Easting
    WGS84 Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) x-axis coordinate (Zone 18N). (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:276008.831
    Maximum:293117.230
    Units:Meters
    WGS84 (ITRF08) UTM18N Northing
    WGS84 UTM y-axis coordinate (Zone 18N) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3818531.752
    Maximum:3828765.570
    Units:Meters
    WGS84 (ITRF08) Lat
    WGS84 latitude (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:34.4840747
    Maximum:34.5798691
    Units:Decimal Degrees
    WGS84 (ITRF08) Long
    WGS84 longitude (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-77.4391743
    Maximum:-77.2554897
    Units:Decimal Degrees
    WGS84 Ellipsoid Height (m)
    WGS84 ellipsoid height (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-38.092
    Maximum:-35.692
    Units:Meters
    NAD83 (2011) UTM 18N Easting
    NAD83 UTM x-axis coordinate (Zone 18N) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:276009.346
    Maximum:293117.742
    Units:Meters
    NAD83 (2011) UTM 18N Northing
    NAD83 UTM y-axis coordinate (Zone 18N) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3818530.873
    Maximum:3828764.687
    Units:Meters
    NAD83 (2011) Lat
    NAD83 latitude (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:34.4840669
    Maximum:34.5798612
    Units:Decimal Degrees
    NAD83 (2011) Long
    NAD83 Longitude (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-77.43916846
    Maximum:-77.25548393
    Units:Decimal Degrees
    NAD83 Ellipsoid Height (m)
    NAD83 Ellipsoid height in meters (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-36.686
    Maximum:-34.286
    Units:Meters
    NAVD88 GEOID12B Orthometric Height (m)
    NAVD88 orthometric height using the GEOID12B model. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.671
    Maximum:2.981
    Units:Meters
    STDEV Horizontal (m)
    Horizontal (x,y) standard deviation of the individual point (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.006
    Maximum:0.027
    Units:Meters
    STDEV Height (m)
    Vertical (z) standard deviation of the individual point (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.009
    Maximum:0.044
    Units:Meters
    Notes
    Notes pertaining to data acquisition (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Weather condition and site notes written in the field during GCP data and photograph collection.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Chelsea A. Stalk
    • Karen L.M. Morgan
    • Jenna A. Brown
    • Christopher R. Sherwood
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Funding and (or) support for this study were provided by the USGS Remote Sensing Coastal Change project and the Office of Naval Research Increasing the Fidelity of Morphological Storm Impact Predictions project. The authors would like to thank John Reeve, Operations Officer, and Jeremy Hoff, U.S. Marine Corps Staff Sergeant, for their coordination of the Camp Lejeune survey as well as Justin Birchler and Arnell Forde of the USGS - St. Petersburg, Florida for their thoughtful peer reviews.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Chelsea A. Stalk
    Cherokee Nation Technologies/U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Researcher III
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@contractor.usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To georectify aerial imagery taken post-Hurricane Florence (landfall September 14, 2018), scientists from the USGS SPCMSC conducted a GPS survey of 53 individual GCP locations (39 pre-determined sites, 14 opportunistically-derived sites) in North Topsail Beach and within the Camp Lejeune Marine Corps Base on June 12-14, 2019, during Field Activity Number (FAN) 2019-330-FA. This dataset, 2019_330_FA_GCP.zip and all other provided data, consist of GPS horizontal and vertical position as well as elevation data collected within the residential areas of North Topsail Beach and along Onslow Beach within the Camp Lejeune Marine Corps Base, using a single GPS receiver performing 10-minute static occupations. Additional survey and data details are available from the Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-330-FA.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2018 (process 1 of 5)
    GPS Acquisition: A GPS base station was erected on NGS benchmark AI0917, which is located within the landscaped area between the road and the paved parking lot of the Topsail Reef Condominiums. The base station was continually occupied and equipped with an Ashtech Proflex 800 GPS receiver recording 12-channel full-carrier-phase positioning signals (L1/L2) from satellites via an AeroAntenna Choke Ring antenna, recording at a rate of 1 s. Person who carried out this activity:
    Chelsea A. Stalk
    Cherokee Nation Technologies/U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Researcher III
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@contractor.usgs.gov
    Date: 2019 (process 2 of 5)
    GPS Acquisition: The GPS rover data were collected under USGS FAN 2019-330-FA, utilizing a single Spectra Precision SP80 GNSS receiver mounted on a 2-meter survey pole with an attached tripod. Survey points utilized for this field activity consisted of survey precision point and topographic foot surveys, and were used interchangeably depending upon point location, terrain, and stability; both are calibrated at the same length and do not affect the measurements acquired. Static GPS data were recorded at 1-s intervals for a total of 600-s (10 minutes) at each survey location. 39 Optimal survey locations were pre-planned (prefix "PT" in data file), however, 14 opportunistic sites were chosen in the field (prefix “OP” in data file). Optimal points had open sky, clear identifiers that could be spotted easily in photographs, and limited relief from surrounding ground cover. Person who carried out this activity:
    Chelsea A. Stalk
    Cherokee Nation Technologies/U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Researcher III
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@contractor.usgs.gov
    Date: 2019 (process 3 of 5)
    Differentially Corrected Navigation Processing: The final, time weighted base station coordinates were imported into GrafNav version 8.70 and the kinematic GPS data from the survey rover were post- processed to the concurrent GPS session data at the base station. During processing, steps were taken to ensure that the trajectories between the base and the rover were clean, resulting in fixed positions. By analyzing the graphs, trajectory maps, and processing logs that GrafNav produces for each GPS session, GPS data from satellites flagged by the program as having poor health or satellite time segments that had cycle slips could be excluded, or the satellite elevation mask angle could be adjusted to improve the position solutions. The final differentially- corrected, precise DGPS positions were computed at 1-s intervals and exported in American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) text format. The GPS data were processed in the WGS84 (ITRF08) geodetic datum and then exported in both WGS84 (ITRF08) ellipsoid heights as well as NAD83 NAVD88 using the GEOID12B model. All individual exports were then compiled into a single .xlsx file which was then saved as a .csv file, both of which are provided in this data release. Person who carried out this activity:
    Chelsea A. Stalk
    Cherokee Nation Technologies/U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Researcher III
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Jan-2020 (process 4 of 5)
    Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) and International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) headers were populated using the command-line application ExifTool (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool). Metadata was written to all photographs using a script and batch processing to execute ExifTool with information for each of the photographs read from the CSV file. The metadata values for photograph creation include time, date, GPS position (latitude and longitude), comment, image description, artist (photographer), copyright, credit, contact, keywords, and caption. Person who carried out this activity:
    Jenna A. Brown
    USGS
    Research Oceanographer
    1289 McD Dr
    Dover, DE
    USA

    302-213-5071 (voice)
    jennabrown@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 5 of 5)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    The accuracy of the data is determined during data collection. This dataset is derived from a single field survey using identical equipment, set-ups, and staff; therefore, the dataset is internally consistent. All critical measurements were recorded manually and then digitally entered into their respective programs. Offsets between the antenna reference point (ARP) and the survey point were measured and accounted for in post-processing. The survey point and topographic survey foot are calibrated from the manufacturer to ensure interchangeability without induced offsets. Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) coordinates were obtained using post-processing software packages (National Geodetic Survey’s (NGS) Online Positioning User Service (OPUS), and Waypoint Product Group’s GrafNav, version 8.7).
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    All static base station sessions were processed through OPUS, which is maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the NGS. The OPUS solutions were entered into a spreadsheet to compute a final, time-weighted position (latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height) for the utilized base station. The time-weighted position for NGS benchmark AI0917 was compared against the published NGS coordinates, however, since the mark was visibly tilted, the final time-weighted value from the survey occupations was used in subsequent processing steps. The horizontal standard deviation of the combined survey occupations is 0.00009 latitude seconds (s) and 0.00038 longitude s. The kinematic (rover) trajectories were processed using GrafNav version 8.70. The horizontal standard deviation of each point location is provided within the final file and ranges from 0.006 to 0.027 m.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    All static base station sessions were processed through the OPUS maintained by and NGS. The OPUS solutions were entered into a spreadsheet to compute a final, time-weighted position (latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height) for the utilized base station. The time-weighted position for NGS benchmark AI0917 was compared against the published NGS coordinates, however, since the mark was visibly tilted, the final time- weighted value from the survey occupations was used in subsequent processing steps. The vertical standard deviation of the combined survey occupations is 0.008 m. The kinematic (rover) trajectories were processed using GrafNav version 8.70. The vertical standard deviation of each point location is provided within the final file and ranges from 0.009 to 0.044 m.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This data release contains horizontal and vertical position as well as vertical elevation (xyz) GPS data from June 2019, collected in North Topsail Beach and Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. A total of 54 points were pre-determined prior to field efforts, prefix PT. Due to field conditions or inaccessibility, not all pre-determined points were surveyed. Additionally, some “opportunity points” were taken throughout the survey (labeled with OP prefix) at points deemed useful to the analysis during the survey. Opportunity point 6 is missing due to it being determined planned point 1 during a post-field analysis, and therefore was re-assigned PT01. Users are advised to read the complete metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    These datasets are from one field activity with consistent instrument calibrations.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research. These data should not be used for navigational purposes.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Chelsea A. Stalk
    Cherokee Nation Technologies/U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Researcher III
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? 2019_330_FA_GCP_Final.csv, 2019_330_FA_GCP_Final.xlsx, *.jpg
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This digital publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
Chelsea A. Stalk
Cherokee Nation Technologies/U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Researcher III
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

(727) 502-8000 (voice)
cstalk@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/2019_330_FA_GCP_metadata.faq.html>
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