Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: James M. Bishop Originator: Bruce M. Richmond Originator: Nicholas J. Zaremba Originator: Brent D. Lunghino Originator: Haunani H. Kane Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Hurricane Sandy washover deposit data from southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey: Grain-size data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Tabular digital data Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PK0D7S Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: James M. Bishop Originator: Bruce M. Richmond Originator: Nicholas J. Zaremba Originator: Brent D. Lunghino Originator: Haunani H. Kane Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Hurricane Sandy Washover Deposits on Southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Multimedia presentation Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2016-1090 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161090 Description: Abstract: Sedimentologic and topographic data from Hurricane Sandy washover deposits were collected from Southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey, in order to document changes to the barrier-island beaches, dunes, and coastal wetlands due to Hurricane Sandy and subsequent storm events. These data will provide a baseline dataset for use in future coastal change descriptive and predictive studies and assessments. The data presented here were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Barrier Island and Estuarine Wetland Physical Change Assessment project (http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/sandy-wetland-assessment/), which aims to assess ecological and societal vulnerability that results from long- and short-term physical changes to barrier islands and coastal wetlands. This metadata record describes data that were collected in April 2015, approximately two and a half years after Hurricane Sandy’s landfall on 29 October 2012. During the field campaign, washover deposits were photographed, and described. In addition, sediment samples, cores, and surface elevations were collected. Data collected during this study including sample locations and elevations, core photographs, computed tomography (CT) scans, descriptive core logs, sediment grain-size data, and accompanying Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata are provided in the associated USGS Data Release, available at https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PK0D7S. Purpose: BH15_GrainSize_Data.zip includes a data dictionary, .csv files, and accompanying metadata summarizing the results of grain-size analyses for sediments from sediment cores collected April 7-14, 2015, from southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey (USGS Field Activity Number (FAN) 2015-611-FA). Supplemental_Information: Samples used for grain-size analysis were placed into a 1000 ml beaker filled with 200-500 ml of deionized water. Organics were removed by adding 5-10 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide and allowing the sample to oxidize overnight. Following the oxidation the samples were heated to drive off excess hydrogen peroxide. Samples were than washed twice via centrifugation in order to remove all soluble chemicals and excess organic material. Following washing, the samples were wet sieved to segregate them into three broad size fractions: Course/Gravel (>2mm); Intermediate/Sand (2.00 mm - 0.063mm); and Mud (silt and clay) composed of the material < 0.063mm. Both sand and gravel fractions were dried in an 80°C oven and weighed. 5 mLof calgon (sodium hexametaphosphate) solution was added to the mud fraction cylinder and distilled water was added to total the volume to 1L. The mud + calgon solution sat overnight to ensure removal of the mud particles’ negative charges. Subsequently, a 20 mL aliquot was taken from the 1 L mud fraction to determine the weight of the mud. The gravel fraction was separated with sieves and binned at 1/4phi intervals. The sand and mud fractions were analyzed with a Beckman Coulter LS 13-320 laser diffraction particle size analyzer at 1/4 phi size intervals. The particle size data was then combined and processed with the PCMSC software called pcSDSZ, which determines the particle size distribution according to graphical statistics using the formulas of Folk and Ward (1957) Folk, (1966,1974), Inman (1952), and Trask (1930 and 1932), as well as Moment Measures (Collias and others 1963). The raw grain size data were also run through the program GRADISTAT (Blott and Pye, 2001) in order to calculate geometric (in metric units) mean, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis of each sample using the Folk and Ward (1957) method. GRADISTAT also calculates the fraction of sediment from each sample by size category (for example, clay, coarse silt, fine sand) based on a modified Wentworth (1922) size scale. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20150407 Ending_Date: 20150414 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.28985 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.26328 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.53089 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.50911 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:3330ede3-0ae4-4e14-b78e-08807c1dc98e Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: geomorphology Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: overwash Theme_Keyword: sediment Theme_Keyword: sand auger Theme_Keyword: grain size Theme_Keyword: GRADISTAT Theme_Keyword: mean Theme_Keyword: sorting Theme_Keyword: skewness Theme_Keyword: kurtosis Theme_Keyword: Folk and Ward Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: New Jersey Place_Keyword: Long Beach Island Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: James M. Bishop Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-351-2559 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jmbishop@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: .S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1. Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Bishop, J.M., Richmond, B.M., Zaremba, N.J., Lunghino, B.D., and Kane, H.K. Publication_Date: 2016 Title: Hurricane Sandy Washover Deposits on Southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey Edition: 1 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: Open-File Report 2016–1090 Other_Citation_Details: Publications listed in the process step are all cited in Open-File Report 2016-1090. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161090 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Grain size data presented were checked for precision by performing duplicate analysis on 10% of samples. Duplicate analysis variability was slight and found to be within the range of natural variability. Sample depths were measured to the nearest half-centimeter using a metric tape measure. Logical_Consistency_Report: The complete grain-size dataset including raw grain-size data from pcSDSZ, all GRADISTAT parameters, and results of duplicate analysis are included in the unedited output files located in the compressed file BH15_GrainSize_Data.zip. Duplicate sample analysis results are included in the grain-size data files and are identified by the word ‘duplicate’ following the sample name. Completeness_Report: This grain-size dataset includes results for 11 sediment source grab samples and 75 samples from 13 push cores collected in April 2015 from southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey (USGS FAN 2016-611-FA). Push cores were sub-sampled at 1 cm intervals for grain-size analysis. Sample frequencies varied from core-to-core based on observed lithologic changes. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Grain-size analyses was conducted on 13 push cores and 11 sediment source grab samples. Push cores were collected using a 7.62 cm (3 inch) diameter push-core device along five transects that ran roughly parallel to the long axis of Hurricane Sandy washover fans. Cores were also collected from areas that were not overwashed by Hurricane Sandy. Upon extraction, cores were capped, sealed and the location and core ID were recorded. In general, push cores sampled shallow sediments located above the groundwater table (< 1 meter depth). Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: James M. Bishop Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-351-2559 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jmbishop@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: In the Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center (Santa Cruz, CA) sediment core lab, push cores were split lengthwise, photographed, and described using standard sediment logging methods. Push cores were sub-sampled at 1 cm intervals for grain-size analysis. Sample frequencies varied from core-to-core based on observed lithologic changes. Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: James M. Bishop Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-351-2559 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jmbishop@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Samples used for grain-size analysis were placed into a 1000 ml beaker filled with 200-500 ml of deionized water. Organics were removed by adding 5-10 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide and allowing the sample to oxidize overnight. Following the oxidation the samples were heated to drive off excess hydrogen peroxide. Samples were than washed twice via centrifugation in order to remove all soluble chemicals and excess organic material. Following washing, the samples were wet sieved to segregate them into three broad size fractions: Course/Gravel (>2 mm); Intermediate/Sand (2.00 mm - 0.063 mm); and Mud (silt and clay) composed of the material < 0.063 mm. Both sand and gravel fractions were dried in an 80°C oven and weighed. 5 mL of calgon (sodium hexametaphosphate) solution was added to the mud fraction cylinder and distilled water was added to total the volume to 1 L. The mud + calgon solution sat overnight to ensure removal of the mud particles’ negative charges. Subsequently, a 20 mL aliquot was taken from the 1 L mud fraction to determine the weight of the mud. The gravel fraction was separated with sieves and binned at 1/4 phi intervals. The sand and mud fractions were analyzed with a Beckman Coulter LS 13-320 laser diffraction particle size analyzer at 1/4 phi size intervals. The grain-size data was then combined and processed with the PCMSC software called pcSDSZ, which determines the grain-size distribution according to graphical statistics using the formulas of Folk and Ward (1957) Folk, (1966,1974), Inman (1952), and Trask (1930 and 1932), as well as Moment Measures (Collias and others 1963). The raw grain-size data were also run through the program GRADISTAT (Blott and Pye, 2001) in order to calculate geometric (in metric units) mean, sorting, skewness, and kurtosis of each sample using the Folk and Ward (1957) method. GRADISTAT also calculates the fraction of sediment from each sample by size category (for example, clay, coarse silt, fine sand) based on a modified Wentworth (1922) size scale. Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: James M. Bishop Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95062 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-351-2559 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jmbishop@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20201013 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: BH15_Core_GrainSize_statistics.csv Entity_Type_Definition: GRADISTAT summary of grain-size data from all sediment cores collected in April 2015 (USGS FAN 2015-611-FA), provided as a comma separated values (.csv) file. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: BH15_Core_GrainSize_Raw_Data.csv Entity_Type_Definition: pcSDSZ raw grain-size data from all sediment cores collected in April 2015 (USGS FAN 2015-611-FA), provided as a comma separated values (.csv) file. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: BH15_SedimentSource_GrainSize_Statistics.csv Entity_Type_Definition: GRADISTAT summary of grain-size data from all sediment source grab samples collected in April 2015 (USGS FAN 2015-611-FA), provided as a comma separated values (.csv) file. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: BH15_SedimentSource_GrainSize_Raw_Data.csv Entity_Type_Definition: pcSDSZ rRaw grain-size data from all sediment cores collected in April 2015 (USGS FAN 2015-611-FA), provided as a comma separated values (.csv) file. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The detailed attribute descriptions for the statistics summary workbooks are provided in the included data dictionary (Grain_Size_Data-Dictionary.pdf). These metadata are not complete without this file. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Data dictionary for grain-size data tables, in: Bishop, J.M, Richmond, B.M., Zaremba, N.J., Lunghino, B.D., and Kane, H.H., 2016, Hurricane Sandy washover deposit data from southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey: Grain-size, elevations, and graphic core logs, U.S. Geological Survey Data Release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PK0D7S. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: James M. Bishop Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-351-2559 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jmbishop@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable data Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Compressed (zip) archive Format_Version_Date: 2015 Format_Specification: Tabular digital data Format_Information_Content: This zip archive includes comma separated values (.csv) files and accompanying metadata summarizing the results of grain-size analyses from sediment cores and sediment source grab samples collected in April 2015 from southern Long Beach Island, New Jersey (USGS FAN 2015-611-FA). File_Decompression_Technique: Unzip Transfer_Size: 0.130 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7PK0D7S/data/BH15_GrainSize_Data.zip Fees: None, if obtained online Technical_Prerequisites: The workbooks included in this .zip file were created for use with Microsoft Excel 2010 and can be opened using Microsoft Excel 2007 or higher; these data may also be viewed with the Microsoft Excel viewer (http://office.microsoft.com/). Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20201013 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: James M. Bishop Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 400 Natural Bridges Drive City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-351-2559 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jmbishop@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of this dataset. Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None