2021 Experimental Discrete Field and Laboratory CO2 System Measurements from the Hillsborough River, Florida

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What does this data set describe?

Title:
2021 Experimental Discrete Field and Laboratory CO2 System Measurements from the Hillsborough River, Florida
Abstract:
This dataset contains carbon dioxide (CO2) system data collected by scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) to investigate the effects of Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) on low salinity, organic-rich estuarine water samples acquired from the Tampa Bay estuary located in west central Florida. Discrete water samples were collected using two, 30-liter (30L) Niskin bottles to capture surficial waters from the lower Hillsborough River. Filtered water samples collected from one Niskin bottle were "poisoned" with HgCl2 (according to best practices (Dickson and others, 2007), while filtered water samples collected from the second Niskin were left "as is" (unpoisoned) to act as the experimental control. Water samples were analyzed incrementally over a period of three months at the USGS Carbon Analytical Laboratory in St. Petersburg, Florida. This dataset contains the elapsed time experimental results of CO2 system parameters including water temperature (Celsius, C), salinity, pHT (pH on the total scale), total alkalinity (AT, micromoles/kg), and total dissolved inorganic carbon (CT, micromoles/kg). For further information regarding data collection and/or processing methods, please refer to the associated journal publication (Moore and others, 2023), which is based on a thesis publication by Moore and others (2021).
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Moore, Christopher S., 20240701, 2021 Experimental Discrete Field and Laboratory CO2 System Measurements from the Hillsborough River, Florida:.

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Moore, Christopher S., Byrne, Robert H., and Yates, Kimberly K., 20230112, CO2 System Measurements Collected from the Hillsborough River, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey data release doi:10.5066/P9J9IYFD, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.4646
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.4646
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 28.0138
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 28.0138
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 26-Jan-2021
    Ending_Date: 27-Apr-2021
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      Indirect_Spatial_Reference:
      Boardwalk of Lowry Park Riverside Trail in Hillsborough County, FL
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (20)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.01. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.01. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is World Geodetic System of 1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.csv, CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.xlsx
    Comparative discrete water sample measurements made in the field from a single location on the Hillsborough River in Florida, U.S. on January 26, 2021. Data are provided as comma separated values (.csv) and Microsoft Excel files (.xlsx), that contain the following information: coordinates, date, time, water temperature, salinity, pH, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, silica and data quality flags for each parameter. (Source: USGS)
    Site_Description
    Description of the physical location where the measurements were collected. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    Hillsborough RiverThe name of the geographic location at the sampling site.
    Latitude
    Latitude coordinates in decimal degrees, measured in the World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) and acquired using a handheld Garmin 64ST GPS. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:28.0138
    Maximum:28.0138
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Longitude
    Longitude coordinates in decimal degrees, measured in WGS84 and acquired using a handheld Garmin 64ST GPS. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-82.4646
    Maximum:-82.4646
    Units:Decimal degrees
    DATETAG
    A numeric value for calendar date, showing when each sample was collected. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:01/26/2021
    Maximum:01/26/2021
    Units:Units correspond to month, day, and year in the format MM/DD/YYYY.
    TIMETAG
    Timestamp showing the time of day each sample was collected. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:13:00
    Maximum:14:45
    Units:Hours and minutes in the format HH:MM.
    T(W)_(C)
    Water temperature, measured in degrees Celsius. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:21.4684
    Maximum:21.4684
    Units:Celsius
    QF_T(W)
    A numeric value indicating the quality of the reported temperature data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    SALINITY
    A numeric value for salinity, acquired using a Seabird Scientific Micro Thermosalinograph that measured temperature and salinity. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.4385
    Maximum:3.4385
    QF_SALINITY
    A numeric value indicating the quality of the reported salinity data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin1_pHT1
    A numeric value reported for the first spectrophotometric pHT (total scale) measurement result, in a series of replicate measurements sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.295
    Maximum:7.300
    QF_Niskin1_pHT1
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the first pHT (total scale) measurement, pHT1, sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin1_pHT2
    A numeric value reported for the second spectrophotometric pHT (total scale) measurement result, in a series of replicate measurements sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.284
    Maximum:7.305
    QF_Niskin1_pHT2
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the second pHT (total scale) measurement, pHT2, sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin1_pHT3
    A numeric value reported for the third spectrophotometric pHT (total scale) measurement result, in a series of replicate measurements sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.296
    Maximum:7.299
    QF_Niskin1_pHT3
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the third pHT (total scale) measurement, pHT3, sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin2_pHT1
    A numeric value reported for the first spectrophotometric pHT (total scale) measurement result, in a series of replicate measurements sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.299
    Maximum:7.328
    QF_Niskin2_pHT1
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the first pHT (total scale) measurement, pHT1, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin2_pHT2
    A numeric value reported for the second spectrophotometric pHT (total scale) measurement result, in a series of replicate measurements sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.321
    Maximum:7.326
    QF_Niskin2_pHT2
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the second pHT (total scale) measurement, pHT2, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin2_pHT3
    A numeric value reported for the third spectrophotometric pHT (total scale) measurement result, in a series of replicate measurements sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.314
    Maximum:7.352
    QF_Niskin2_pHT3
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the third pHT (total scale) measurement, pHT3, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin1_[NO3+NO2]
    A numeric value reported for the nitrate + nitrite (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:4.78
    Maximum:5.01
    QF_Niskin1_[NO3+NO2]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the nitrate + nitrite (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, NO3+NO2, sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin1_[NO2]
    A numeric value reported for the nitrite (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.03
    Maximum:0.50
    QF_Niskin1_[NO2]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the nitrite (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, NO2, sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin1_[NH4]
    A numeric value reported for the ammonium (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:4.04
    Maximum:4.33
    QF_Niskin1_[NH4]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the ammonium (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, NH4, sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin1_[PO4]
    A numeric value reported for the phosphate (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.29
    Maximum:2.32
    QF_Niskin1_[PO4]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the phosphate (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, PO4, sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin1_[Silica]
    A numeric value reported for the silica (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:69.75
    Maximum:70.30
    QF_Niskin1_[Silica]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the silica (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, silicic acid, sampled from Niskin bottle 1. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin2_[NO3+NO2]
    A numeric value reported for the nitrate + nitrite (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.68
    Maximum:2.18
    QF_Niskin2_[NO3+NO2]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of nitrate + nitrite (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, NO3+NO2, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin2_[NO2]
    A numeric value reported for the nitrite (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.28
    Maximum:0.51
    QF_Niskin2_[NO2]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of nitrite (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, NO2, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin2_[NH4]
    A numeric value reported for the ammonium (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.63
    Maximum:3.34
    QF_Niskin2_[NH4]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of ammonium (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, NH4, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin2_[PO4]
    A numeric value reported for the phosphate (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.25
    Maximum:1.39
    QF_Niskin2_[PO4]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of phosphate (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, PO4, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Niskin2_[Silica]
    A numeric value reported for the silicic acid (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement result, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:89.93
    Maximum:90.52
    QF_Niskin2_[Silica]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of silicic acid (micromoles per kilogram of seawater) measurement, Silica, sampled from Niskin bottle 2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    CO2_System_Laboratory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.csv, CO2_System_Laboratory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.xlsx
    Comparative laboratory results from discrete measurements of HgCl2-poisoned and unpoisoned water samples collected from a single location on the Hillsborough River, Florida, U.S. on January 26, 2021. Data are provided as CSV and XLSX files, that contain the following information: coordinates, date of analysis, days after collection, salinity, HgCl2 pH, unpoisoned pH, HgCl2 total dissolved inorganic carbon (HgCl2_CT), unpoisoned total dissolved inorganic carbon (Unpoisoned_CT), HgCl2 total alkalinity (HgCl2_AT), unpoisoned total alkalinity (Unpoisoned_AT), calculated HgCl2 total alkalinity (Calculated_HgCl2_AT), calculated unpoisoned total alkalinity (Calculated_Unpoisoned_AT), calculated total alkalinity (Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement AVG_&_HgCl2_CT]), and data quality flags for each parameter. (Source: USGS)
    Site_Description
    Description of the physical location where the measurements were collected. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    Hillsborough RiverThe name of the geographic location at the sampling site.
    Latitude
    Latitude coordinates in decimal degrees, measured in the World Geodetic System of 1984. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:28.0138
    Maximum:28.0138
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Longitude
    Longitude coordinates in decimal degrees, measured in the World Geodetic System of 1984. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-82.4646
    Maximum:-82.4646
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Date_of_Analysis
    A numeric value for calendar date, showing when each sample was analyzed. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:01/26/2021
    Maximum:04/27/2021
    Units:Units correspond to month, day, and year in the format MM/DD/YYYY.
    Days_After_Collection
    A numeric value representing the number of days after sample collection when the laboratory analysis occurred. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.25
    Maximum:91
    Units:Number of 24-hour days.
    T(W)_(C)
    Water temperature, measured in degrees Celsius at the time of sample collection. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:21.4684
    Maximum:21.4684
    Units:Celsius
    QF_T(W)
    A numeric value indicating the quality of the reported temperature data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    SALINITY
    A numeric value for salinity, acquired using a Seabird Scientific Micro Thermosalinograph that measured temperature and salinity. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.4385
    Maximum:3.4385
    QF_SALINITY
    A numeric value indicating the quality the quality of the reported salinity data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    HgCl2_pHT1
    A numeric value for the first pH using the total scale from water samples poisoned with HgCl2 in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.247
    Maximum:7.334
    QF_HgCl2_pHT1
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of pHT1 data poisoned with HgCl2. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    HgCl2_pHT2
    A numeric value for the second pH using the total scale from water samples poisoned with HgCl2 in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.244
    Maximum:7.334
    QF_HgCl2_pHT2
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of pHT2 data poisoned with HgCl2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    HgCl2_pHT3
    A numeric value for the third pH using the total scale from water samples poisoned with HgCl2 in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.294
    Maximum:7.294
    QF_HgCl2_pHT3
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of pHT3 data poisoned with HgCl2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    HgCl2_CT1_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the first total dissolved inorganic carbon, CT1, measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater, that is poisoned with HgCl2 in a series of replicate measurements. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3085.2
    Maximum:3101.9
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_HgCl2_CT1
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported total dissolved inorganic carbon data, CT1, poisoned with HgCl2. (Source: Sun, 2020.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    HgCl2_CT2_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the second total dissolved inorganic carbon, CT2, measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater, that is poisoned with HgCl2 in a series of replicate measurements. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3083.7
    Maximum:3100.2
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_HgCl2_CT2
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported total dissolved inorganic carbon data, CT2, poisoned with HgCl2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    HgCl2_CT3_(micromole/kg)
    A numeric value for the third total dissolved inorganic carbon, CT3, measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater, that is poisoned with HgCl2 in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3096.8
    Maximum:3096.8
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_HgCl2_CT3
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported total dissolved inorganic carbon data, CT3, poisoned with HgCl2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    HgCl2_AT1_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the first total alkalinity, AT1, measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater, that is poisoned with HgCl2 in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2872.6
    Maximum:2901.3
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_HgCl2_AT1
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported total alkalinity data, AT1, poisoned with HgCl2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    HgCl2_AT2_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the second total alkalinity, AT2, measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater that is poisoned with HgCl2 in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2870.2
    Maximum:2899.4
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_HgCl2_AT2
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported total alkalinity data, AT2, poisoned with HgCl2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    HgCl2_AT3_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the third total alkalinity, AT3, measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater that is poisoned with HgCl2 in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2882.4
    Maximum:2882.4
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_HgCl2_AT3
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported total alkalinity data, AT3, poisoned with HgCl2. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Calculated_HgCl2_AT_AVG
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured HgCl2 pHT and HgCl2 CT were performed in MathWorks MATLAB R2021b CO2sys.m program (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the carbonic acid stoichiometric dissociation constants, K1K2, of Waters and others (2014), the potassium sulfate (KSO4) constants of Dickson (1990), and the universal ratio of Total Boron to chlorinity, BT/S, constant of Lee and others (2010). Calculated HgCl2 AT AVG is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2881.7
    Maximum:2903.8
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated HgCl2_AT_AVG
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from the average corresponding HgCl2 pHT and HgCl2 CT values. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Unpoisoned_pHT1
    A numeric value for the first pH measurement using the total scale from unpoisoned water samples in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.284
    Maximum:7.403
    QF_Unpoisoned_pHT1
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of unpoisoned pHT1 data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Unpoisoned_pHT2
    A numeric value for the second pH measurement using the total scale from unpoisoned water samples in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.297
    Maximum:7.399
    QF_Unpoisoned_pHT2
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of unpoisoned pHT2 data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Unpoisoned_pHT3
    A numeric value for the third pH measurement using the total scale from unpoisoned water samples in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.310
    Maximum:7.310
    QF_Unpoisoned_pHT3
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of unpoisoned pHT3 data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Unpoisoned_CT1_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the first total dissolved inorganic carbon from unpoisoned water samples measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater in a series of replicate measurements. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3082.4
    Maximum:3143.1
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Unpoisoned_CT1
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported unpoisoned total dissolved inorganic carbon, CT1, data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1, Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Unpoisoned_CT2_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the second total dissolved inorganic carbon from unpoisoned water samples measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater in a series of replicate measurements. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3082.4
    Maximum:3137.7
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Unpoisoned_CT2
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported unpoisoned total dissolved inorganic carbon, CT2, data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Unpoisoned_CT3_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the third total dissolved inorganic carbon from unpoisoned water samples measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3123.3
    Maximum:3123.3
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Unpoisoned_CT3
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported unpoisoned total dissolved inorganic carbon, CT3, data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Unpoisoned_AT1_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the first total alkalinity from unpoisoned water samples measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2913.3
    Maximum:2928.4
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Unpoisoned_AT1
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported unpoisoned total alkalinity, AT1, data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Unpoisoned_AT2_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the second total alkalinity from unpoisoned water samples measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2915.2
    Maximum:2927.8
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Unpoisoned_AT2
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported unpoisoned total alkalinity, AT2, data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Unpoisoned_AT3_(micromol/kg)
    A numeric value for the third total alkalinity from unpoisoned water samples measured in micromoles per kilogram of seawater in a series of replicate measurements. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2924.6
    Maximum:2924.6
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Unpoisoned_AT3
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported unpoisoned total alkalinity, AT3, data. (Source: Sun, 2010.)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Calculated_Unpoisoned_AT_AVG
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Unpoisoned pHT" and "Unpoisoned CT". Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). Calculated Unpoisoned AT AVG is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2915.1
    Maximum:2964.4
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_Unpoisoned_AT_AVG
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from the average corresponding Unpoisoned pHT and Unpoisoned CT values. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT1]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT1”_(micromol/kg) from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2896.4
    Maximum:2912.0
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT1]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT1_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT2]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT2_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2895.0
    Maximum:2910.4
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT2]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT2_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT3]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT3_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2907.2
    Maximum:2907.2
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT3]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT3_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT1]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT1_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2905.7
    Maximum:2921.4
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT1]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT1_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT2]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT2_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2904.3
    Maximum:2919.8
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT2]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT2_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT3]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT3_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2916.6
    Maximum:2916.6
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Initial_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT3]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT3_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT1]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT1_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2899.7
    Maximum:2915.4
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT1]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 13:00 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT1_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT2]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT2_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2898.3
    Maximum:2913.8
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT2]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT2_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT3]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT3_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2910.6
    Maximum:2910.6
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 1_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT3]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin1_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT3_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.
    Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT1]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT1_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2915.2
    Maximum:2931.0
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT1]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT1_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT2]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT2_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2913.8
    Maximum:2929.4
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT2]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT2_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT3]
    A numeric value for total alkalinity calculated from corresponding average measured variables, "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT3_(micromol/kg)" from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. Calculations were performed in CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the K1K2 constants of Waters and others (2014), the KSO4 constants of Dickson (1990), and the BT/S constant of Lee and others (2010). The resulting value is calculated in micromoles per kilogram of seawater. Missing data points are marked in data columns with the value -99. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2926.2
    Maximum:2926.2
    Units:micromol/kg
    QF_Calculated_AT [Final_pH_Field Measurement_Niskin 2_AVG_&_HgCl2_CT3]
    A numeric value that indicates the quality of the reported calculated total alkalinity data from corresponding average measured variables "Niskin2_pHT" with the corresponding TIMETAG of 14:45 from the file named CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida and from the corresponding measured variable "HgCl2_CT3_(micromol/kg)” from the file named CO2_System_Laborartory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida in this data release. (Source: UNESCO IOC)
    ValueDefinition
    1Flag 1 = QC has been performed and element appears to be correct.
    9Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Christopher S. Moore
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Christopher S. Moore
    Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SC
    Oceanographer
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    US

    727-502-8106 (voice)
    csmoore@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This dataset was obtained to assist researchers with determining whether HgCl2-poisoned water samples from organic-rich estuarine waters accurately reflected the in-situ CO2 system characteristics of the samples observed and recorded at the time of collection. Data were collected during USGS field activity number (FAN) 2021-354-FA. Additional survey and data details are available from the USGS Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2021-354-FA.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 26-Jan-2021 (process 1 of 3)
    Discrete water samples from the Hillsborough River study site were collected on January 26, 2021, from the boardwalk along Lowry Park Riverside Trail (28.0138° N, -82.4646° W) from two 30 L Niskin bottles that were used to collect surficial river water. For additional details on experiment setup, see (Moore and others, 2023). Prior to the Niskin bottle water sample collection, surficial river water temperature and salinity were measured and recorded in the field using a Seabird Scientific Micro Thermosalinograph. Once surficial water was collected in each Niskin, the water from each Niskin was filtered, promptly analyzed to establish the samples' initial spectrophotometric pHT, and then collected for analysis of major inorganic nutrients. The filtration was performed under positive pressure using a 12V peristaltic pump tubing. The tubing was connected to a 142 mm diameter acrylic filter housing that contained a 0.45 µm cellulose nitrate filter. Water collected for pH analysis followed the methods of Clay and Byrne (1993) where samples were analyzed spectrophotometrically using an Ocean Optics USB2000 spectrometer and Ocean Optics LS-1 light source with purified meta-Cresol purple. pH was calculated on the total scale using the algorithms of Müller and Rehder (2018) and temperature-corrected using the algorithms of Waters and others (2014) using CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011). Water collected for analysis of major inorganic nutrients followed the methods of Gordon and others (1993) and were additionally filtered using a sterile 0.22 µm pressure filter attached by Luer lock to a 60 mL syringe and then stored in a 30 mL acid-washed high-density polyethylene bottle. Once each nutrient sample bottle was sealed, the bottle was stored on ice, transported to the laboratory, and then frozen until analysis (Dore and others, 1996). Next, water samples from each Niskin were consecutively filtered into a total of 70 borosilicate glass bottles (300 mL total volume) using the methods described by Dickson et al. (2007). Half of the samples (i.e., 35 samples from one Niskin bottle) were poisoned with 100 µL of 6.5% HgCl2. The 35 filtered water samples from the second Niskin were not poisoned. Both sets of bottles were promptly sealed with grease for transport. After these samples were collected and processed, additional water from each Niskin was filtered, analyzed spectrophotometrically to establish the samples' final pHT, and then collected for analysis of major inorganic nutrients. All water samples were then transported to the Carbon Laboratory at the U.S. Geological Survey (600 4th St. S St. Petersburg, FL 33701) where the nutrient samples were frozen for later analysis. All borosilicate glass bottles were stored in the dark at room temperature (25°C) and sequentially analyzed, beginning hours after collection and subsequently over a period of three months, for pHT (total scale), total dissolved inorganic carbon (CT) and total alkalinity (AT). Person who carried out this activity:
    Christopher S. Moore
    Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SC
    Oceanographer
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    US

    727-502-8106 (voice)
    csmoore@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.csv
    • CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.xlsx
    Date: 27-Apr-2021 (process 2 of 3)
    Water samples were sequentially analyzed, beginning hours after collection, over a period of three months for pHT (total scale), total dissolved inorganic carbon (CT) and total alkalinity (AT) respectively in the USGS SPCMSC Carbon Laboratory. During each sample analysis, duplicate water samples of HgCl2 poisoned and unpoisoned bottles were first analyzed for pH, where sample water was poured into two 10-centimeter (cm) pathlength cells that were placed in a water bath set to 20°C. Once temperature equilibrated, pH analysis was performed using the methods of Clayton and Byrne (1993) using an Ocean Optics USB2000 spectrometer and Ocean Optics LS-1 light source with purified meta-Cresol purple indicator dye. pH was calculated on the total scale using the algorithms of Müller and Rehder (2018) and temperature corrected using the algorithms of Waters and others (2014) using CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011). Next, total dissolved inorganic carbon analysis was performed using a CM5017 CO2 carbon coulometer coupled to a CM5330 acidification module following the methods described by Dickson and Goyet (1994). Each water sample (~20 mL) was drawn from a bottle after pH analysis using a 60 mL syringe attached to a three-way Luer lock valve and stopper to minimize gas exchange. Sample weight was determined from the difference in syringe weight before and after the sample was injected through a septum on the stripping chamber of the acidification module, using a Denver Instruments PI-214 analytical balance. Samples were acidified with ~10 mL of 8.5% of phosphoric acid (H3PO4-). Analytical grade nitrogen (N2) gas was used as the carrier gas of CO2 from the acidified sample to the coulometer. The titration endpoint was determined by the coulometer, and CT was calculated using software from UIC, Inc. Accuracy and precision was determined from the analysis of certified reference materials (CRM) Dickson (2010). Lastly, total alkalinity analysis was performed, using the spectrophotometric methods of Yao and Byrne (1998) and Liu and others (2015). Each water sample (~100 mL) was poured from a bottle after CT analysis into an open glass cell (Hellma Cells, Inc.). Mass of the sample was determined gravimetrically using a Denver Instruments PI-214 analytical balance and placed within a custom plastic frame connected to an Ocean Optics LS-1 tungsten light source and Ocean Optics USB2000 spectrometer. Bromocresol purple indicator dye (4 millimolar (mM)) was administered by pipette and the sample was titrated using 0.100 Normal (N) standardized hydrochloric acid (HCl) using a plastic 10 mL syringe fitted with a Teflon needle. Absorbance measurements were made using the Ocean Optics software package OOIBase 32. Solution pHT was measured continuously throughout the titration to and end endpoint of near pH 4.3. The total weight of the added acid was determined from the difference in the syringe weight before and after acid addition. At the end of each titration, the solution was purged with a stream of N2 gas pre-saturated with water (H2O). After purging, final absorbance measurements were made, and solution temperature was determined using a Fluke 51 II Handheld Digital Probe Thermometer. AT was calculated using the equations of Hudson-Heck and others (2021). Accuracy and precision were determined from analysis of CRMs from Dickson (2010). Person who carried out this activity:
    Christopher S. Moore
    Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SC
    Oceanographer
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    US

    727-502-8106 (voice)
    csmoore@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • CO2_System_Laboratory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.csv
    • CO2_System_Laboratory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.xlsx
    Date: 01-Jul-2024 (process 3 of 3)
    Version 2.0: This data release was originally posted online on January 12, 2023. Version 2.0 was released on July 1, 2024, to account for additional total alkalinity (AT) values calculated from sampled parameters unaffected by the interactions of organic alkalinity (the fraction of dissolved organic matter that actively exchanges hydrogen ions) and HgII (Mercury II). These values are calculated from HgCl2-treated total dissolved inorganic carbon (CT) replicates and the average of field pH measurements from each Niskin bottle before and after sample bottle collection. Calculated AT measurements were performed with CO2sys.m (van Heuven and others, 2011) using the ancillary salinity, temperature, average phosphate, and average silica values. Person who carried out this activity:
    Christopher S. Moore
    Southeast Region: ST. PETE COASTAL & MARINE SC
    Oceanographer
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    US

    727-502-8106 (voice)
    csmoore@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • CO2_System_Laboratory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.csv
    • CO2_System_Laboratory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.xlsx
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Moore, Christopher S., Byrne, Robert H., and Yates, Kimberly K., 20231127, An assessment of HgII to preserve carbonate system parameters in organic-rich estuarine waters: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods Volume 22, Issue 2, Wiley, Online.

    Online Links:

    Moore, Christopher S., 2021, Riverine and Estuarine CO2-System Studies on the West Coast of Florida: University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.

    Online Links:

    Sun, C., 20101206, GTSPP Real-Time Quality Control Manual Revised Edition, 2010: Book 2019-1003, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Paris, France.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: IOC Manuals and Guides, No. 22 rev. 1
    Byrne, Robert H., and Clayton, Tonya D., 199310, Spectrophotometric Seawater pH Measurements: Total Hydrogen Ion Concentration Scale Calibration of M-cresol Purple and At-sea Results: Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers Volume 40, Issue 10, Elsevier, Great Britain.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 2115-2129
    Dickson, Andrew G., 199002, Standard Potential of the Reaction: AgCl(s)+12H2(g)=Ag(s)+HCl(aq), and the Standard Acidity Constant of the Ion HSO4 in Synthetic Sea Water from 273.15 to 318.15 K: The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics Volume 22, Issue 2, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

    Online Links:

    Dickson, Andrew G., Sabine, Christopher L., and Christian, James R., 200710, Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements: North Pacific Marine Science Organization, British Columbia, Canada.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: PICES Special Publication 3, 191 pages
    Dickson, Andrew G., 2010, Standards for Ocean Measurements: Oceanography Volume 23, No. 3, The Oceanography Society, La Jolla, California.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 34-47
    van Heuven, Steven, Pierrot, Denis, Rae, James W., Lewis, E., and Wallace, D.W.R., 201111, MATLAB Program Developed for CO2 System Calculations: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

    Online Links:

    Müller, Jens D., and Rehder, Gregor, 20180710, Metrology of pH Measurements in Brackish Waters—Part 2: Experimental Characterization of Purified meta-Cresol Purple for Spectrophotometric pHT Measurements: Frontiers in Marine Science Volume 5, Frontiers Media S.A., Rostock, Germany.

    Online Links:

    Dickson, Andrew G., and Goyet, C., 19940901, Handbook of Methods for the Analysis of the Various Parameters of the Carbon Dioxide System in Sea Water: Technical Report Version 2, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC.

    Online Links:

    Yao, Wensheng., and Byrne, Robert H., 19980801, Simplified Seawater Alkalinity Analysis: Use of linear array spectrometers: Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers Version 45, Issue 8, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 1383-1392
    Waters, Jason F., Millero, Frank J., and Woosley, R.J., 20141020, Corrigendum to “The Free Proton Concentration Scale for Seawater pH”, [MARCHE: 149 (2013) 8-22]: Marine Chemistry Volume 165, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 66-67
    Liu, Xuewu, Byrne, Robert H., Lindemuth, Michael, Easley, Regina, and Mathis, Jeremy T., 20150825, An Automated Procedure for Laboratory and Shipboard Spectrophotometric Measurements of Seawater Alkalinity: Continuously Monitored Single-step Acid Additions: Marine Chemistry Volume 174, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 141-146
    Hudson-Heck, Ellie, Xuewu, Liu., and Byrne, Robert H., 20210711, Purification and Physical–Chemical Characterization of Bromocresol Purple for Carbon System Measurements in Freshwaters, Estuaries, and Oceans: ACS Omega Volume 6, Issue 28, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 17941-17951
    Lee, Kitack, Kim, Tae-Wook, Byrne, Robert H., Millero, Frank J., Feely, Richard A., and Liu, Yong-Ming, 20100315, The Universal Ratio of Boron to Chlorinity for the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Volume 74, Issue 6, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 1801-1811
    Gordon, Louis I., Jennings, Jr., Joe C., Ross, Andrew A., and Krest, James M., 19931104, A Suggested Protocol for Continuous Flow Automated Analysis of Seawater Nutrients (Phosphate, Nitrate, Nitrite and Silicic Acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean Fluxes Study: World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) Operation Manual WHP Office Report 91-1, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: WOCE Rept 77 No 68/91. Pages 1-52.
    Dore, John E., Houlihan, Terrence., Hebel, Dale V., Tien, Georgia, Tupas, Luis, and Karl, David M., 199608, Freezing as a Method of Sample Preservation for the Analysis of Dissolved Inorganic Nutrients in Seawater: Marine Chemistry Volume 53, Issues 3-4, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: Pages 173-185

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Accuracy of total alkalinity (AT) and total dissolved inorganic carbon (CT) measurements, both HgCl2-poisoned and unpoisoned, are determined by measuring certified reference materials (CRMs) supplied by SCRIPPS Institute of Oceanography (Dickson, 2010) and comparing measured to known values. CRM analyses were performed daily before and after analysis of samples. Sample values are corrected to CRMs using a correction factor based on the difference between the known and measured values of the CRMs. Precision was determined by repeat analysis of samples and CRMs. Spectrophotometric pH measurements require no calibration. Precision of pH analysis, both HgCl2-poisoned and unpoisoned, is determined by repeat measurements of replicate samples. The micro thermosalinograph used to collect ancillary data was factory calibrated. Missing values are denoted in the spreadsheets with an entry value of -99. The laboratory total dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity data were generated using certified reference materials to correct measured values and validate the quality of the data reported.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Accuracy was checked against Global Positioning System (GPS) values provided by the manufacturer, Garmin GPSMAP64st and accuracy < 10 meters (m). Point data were collected in the Word Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) coordinate system.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    Accuracy was checked against GPS values provided by the manufacturer, Garmin GPSMAP64st and accuracy <10 m.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Missing data were the result of either technological failure or lack of data collection due to sampling design. Quality flags indicating the status of individual data points are as follows; Flag 0 = No quality control, Flag 1 = Good data, Flag 2= Probably good data, Flag 3 = Probably bad data, Flag 4 = Bad data, Flag 5 = Changed by analyst due to correction, Flag 9 = The value of the element is missing. Only quality flags 1 and 9 appear in this dataset. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints None
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: USGS SPCMSC Data Management
    600 4th Street South
    Saint Petersburg, FL
    United States

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.csv, CO2_System_Field_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.xlsx, CO2_System_Laboratory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.csv, CO2_System_Laboratory_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.xlsx
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 12-Jul-2024
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: USGS SPCMSC Data Management
600 4th Street South
Saint Petersburg, FL
United States

727-502-8000 (voice)
gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/CO2-System_Measurements_in_Hillsborough_River_Florida.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.51 on Tue Aug 13 14:14:14 2024