Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Legna M. Torres-Garcia Originator: Cheyenne S. Everhart Publication_Date: 20220121 Title: Grain-Size and Data Analysis Results from Sediment Samples Collected at Crocker Reef, Florida, Between 2017 and 2019 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Tabular digital data Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Legna M. Torres-Garcia Originator: Cheyenne S. Everhart Originator: Kimberly K. Yates Originator: Mitchell K. Lemon Originator: Christopher S. Moore Originator: Mark L. Buckley Publication_Date: 20220121 Title: Grain-Size Data from Upper Florida Keys: Crocker Reef, FL Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P989A5F5 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P989A5F5 Description: Abstract: Sediment samples were collected from undisturbed sections of the seafloor around Crocker Reef, Florida. Crocker Reef is a barrier reef located in the northern portion of the Florida Reef Tract that has been classified by Kellogg and others (2015) as a senile or dead reef consisting of areas of sand and rubble with only scattered stony coral colonies. Samples were collected from November 2017 to April 2019 to help ground truth coincident instrumentation deployed during the same time interval, which was used to record various oceanic (currents, waves, turbidity, and pressure) time series datasets that would be used in subsequent analyses. All sediment samples were analyzed using a laser diffraction Coulter LS13 320 particle-size analyzer and sieves to measure the grain-size distribution of the sediments. Purpose: Dissemination of processed grain-size data from sediment surface samples collected from the Upper Florida Keys within Crocker Reef, Florida from 2017-2019. Supplemental_Information: To ensure that U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) data management protocols were followed, this survey was assigned the following USGS field activity numbers (FAN): 2017-340-FA, 2018-301-FA, 2018-356-FA, and 2019-301-FA. Additional survey and data details are available from the USGS Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/. The authors would like to acknowledge Hunter Wilcox, Nate Smiley and BJ Reynolds for their assistance with field collection. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20171128 Ending_Date: 20190729 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.56012 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.52272 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.9483 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.90502 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:1f0698a3-84e9-4bff-92b4-e03db8ce199a Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificinformation Theme_Keyword: location Theme_Keyword: environment Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: unconsolidated deposits Theme_Keyword: reef ecosystems Theme_Keyword: coelentrates Theme_Keyword: time series datasets Theme_Keyword: time series analysis Theme_Keyword: grain-size analysis Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: sediment Theme_Keyword: grain-size Theme_Keyword: GRADISTAT Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program Theme_Keyword: CMHRP Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Florida Place_Keyword: Florida Keys Place_Keyword: Hawk Channel Place_Keyword: Crocker Reef Place_Keyword: Monroe County Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Legna M. Torres-Garcia Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ltorresgarica@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 10; Microsoft Excel Version 2019 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Beckman Coulter Publication_Date: 2011 Title: LS 13 320 Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer Instructions For Use Online_Linkage: https://www.beckmancoulter.com/wsrportal/techdocs?docname=B05577AB.pdf Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Blott, S.J. and Pye, K. Publication_Date: 20010928 Title: GRADISTAT: A grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated sediments Edition: Version 8.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Issue_Identification: Volume 26, issue 11 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 1237-1248 Online_Linkage: http://www.kpal.co.uk/gradistat.html Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Folk, R.L, and Ward, W.C. Publication_Date: 1957 Title: Brazos River Bar: A study in the significance of grain size parameters Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology Issue_Identification: Volume 27 Other_Citation_Details: Pages 3-26 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Kellogg, C.A., Yates, K.K., Lawler, S.N., Moore, C.S., and Smiley, N.A. Publication_Date: 20151104 Title: Seasonal microbial and environmental parameters at Crocker Reef, Florida Keys, 2014–2015 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2015-1203 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151203 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Krumbien, W.C. Publication_Date: 1934 Title: Size frequency distributions of sediments Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology Issue_Identification: Volume 4, No. 2 Other_Citation_Details: pages 65-77 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Wentworth, C.K. Publication_Date: 1922 Title: A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Geology Issue_Identification: Volume 30 Other_Citation_Details: pages 377-392 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The grain-size data represent the sample averages for a subset of the statistical parameters calculated by GRADISTAT (Blott and Pye, 2001). The number of runs included in the averaged results are reported, and the standard deviation of the averaged results are reported for most parameters. Samples S1RBRL1112017, SVL5112017, WM1L2112017, and S1RBRL1032018 have more than 8 runs included in the average results because additional subsets of samples were analyzed beyond the standard two subsets. For S1RBRL1112017 and SVL5112017, the obscuration was fluctuating for the first two subsets. For WM1L2112017, the sonicator wand wasn’t fully functioning during the first two subsets. For S1RBRL1032018, the first two subsets had low obscuration and the sonicator wand wasn’t fully functioning. A secondary data review determined that all grain-size data reported met all quality control requirements. Beckman Coulter control standards G15 (15 µm) and GB500 (500 µm) were analyzed on the Coulter LS13 320 particle-size analyzer before all sediment samples were analyzed to validate instrument performance (Beckman Coulter, 2011). Logical_Consistency_Report: The grain-size sample runs in the GRADISTAT output files for which the mean Folk and Ward (1957) grain-size varied from the set average by more than 1.5 standard deviations are highlighted in yellow and were not included in final averaged results. Completeness_Report: This data release doi:10.5066/P989A5F5 contains all grain-size data associated with USGS FANs 2017-340-FA, 2018-301-FA, 2018-356-FA, and 2019-301-FA. It includes the geographic site locations and grain-size statistics for all sediment samples collected at Crocker Reef from 2017 to 2019. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Surface sediment samples were collected by USGS SPCMSC Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus (SCUBA) divers at 7-8 different locations within the Crocker Reef study site during 2017-2018 and 10 locations during 2018-2019. The sediment sampling sites’ water depths ranged from 2 to 16 meters. SCUBA divers wearing gloves dragged open sampling bags along an undisturbed sediment layer atop the seafloor in a single direction to ensure all grain sizes were sampled. Samples were washed with 95% ethanol to remove contaminants and brought back to the SPCMSC Sediment Laboratory to air dry completely in the fume hood. Process_Date: 2019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Legna M. Torres-Garcia Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ltorresgarica@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Particle size analysis was performed on all the sediment samples collected from the Crocker Reef study site. Grain-size analyses on the samples were performed using a Coulter LS13 320 (https://www.beckmancoulter.com/) particle-size analyzer (PSA), that used laser diffraction to measure the size distribution of sediments from 0.4 microns to 2 millimeters (mm), encompassing clay to very coarse-grained sand. To prevent large shell fragments from damaging the instrument, particles greater than 1 mm in diameter were separated from all samples prior to analysis using a number 18 (1 mm) U.S. standard sieve, which meets the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E11 standard specifications for determining particle size using woven-wire test sieves. The material removed by sieving at 1 mm is recorded and reported as a percent of the total bulk dry weight with the final processed grain-size data. Two subsamples from each sample were processed through the instrument a minimum of four runs each. Once introduced into the Coulter PSA the sediment in the sample well was sonicated with a sonicator wand for 30 seconds to separate any aggregates before starting the first run for both subsamples. The Coulter PSA measures the particle-size distribution of each sample by passing sediment suspended in solution between two narrow panes of glass in front of a laser. Light is scattered by the particles into characteristic refraction patterns measured by an array of photodetectors as intensity per unit area and recorded as relative volume for 92 size-related channels (bins). Process_Date: 2019 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Legna M. Torres-Garcia Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ltorresgarica@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: All raw grain-size data were run through the free software GRADISTAT version 8, (Blott and Pye, 2001; kpal.co.uk/gradistat), which calculates the mean, sorting, skewness and kurtosis of each sample geometrically in metric units and logarithmically in phi units (Φ) (Krumbein, 1934) using the Folk and Ward (1957) scale. GRADISTAT also calculates the fraction of sediment from each sample by size category (for example, clay, coarse silt, fine sand) based on a modified Wentworth (1922) size scale. A macro function in Microsoft Excel, developed by the USGS SPCMSC, was applied to the data to calculate average and standard deviation for each sample set (8 runs per sample), and highlight runs that varied from the set average by more than ±1.5 standard deviations. Excessive deviations from the mean are likely the result of equipment error or extraneous organic material in the sample and are not considered representative of the sample. The highlighted runs were removed from the results and the sample average was recalculated using the remaining runs. The averaged results for all samples, including the number of averaged runs and the standard deviation of the averaged results were summarized in an Excel workbook with samples from each FAN on its own tab. A comma-separated values (CSV) file containing the tabular data in plain text is included in the download file. Process_Date: 2019 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: CrockerReef_CoulterGrainSize.xlsx Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Legna M. Torres-Garcia Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ltorresgarica@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Due to the assumption of grain sphericity of the Fraunhofer optical model used by the Coulter LS13 320, angular particles are measured by their longest axis. When enough thin, angular material is present, the Coulter output files often report a percentage of the grain-size distribution within the 1-2 mm fraction, despite all samples being sieved at 1 mm before analysis. To better assess the impact of the high content of angular shell material present at Crocker Reef on the grain-size distribution reported in the Coulter analysis, a dry sieve analysis was performed at the same major size classes for comparison. A 10–15-gram representative subset of each sample was passed through a stack of sieves with progressively smaller openings using the assistance of a mechanical sieve shaker to determine grain-size distribution. U.S. standard sieves numbers 230 (63 µm), 120 (125 µm), 60 (250 µm), 35 (500 µm), 18 (1 mm), and 10 (2 mm) were used, which meet the ASTM E11 standard specifications for determining particle size using woven-wire test sieves. All dry sieve data was reported as a percent fraction of the total bulk dry weight of each sample subset. The results for all samples were summarized in an Excel workbook with samples from each FAN on its own tab. A CSV data file containing the tabular data in plain text is included in the download file. Process_Date: 2019 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: CrockerReef_SieveGrainSize.xlsx Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Legna M. Torres-Garcia Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: U.S. Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ltorresgarica@usgs.gov Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: CrockerReef_CoulterGrainSize.xlsx Entity_Type_Definition: Microsoft Excel workbook summarizing grain-size parameters for each sediment sample collected on Crocker Reef and the surrounding area (USGS FANs 2017-340-FA, 2018-301-FA, 2018-356-FA, and 2019-301-FA). The averaged results for each sample, including the number of runs used, and the standard deviation of the averaged results are provided. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: CrockerReef_CoulterGrainSize.csv Entity_Type_Definition: CSV text file summarizing grain-size parameters for each sediment sample collected on Crocker Reef and the surrounding area (USGS FANs 2017-340-FA, 2018-301-FA, 2018-356-FA, and 2019-301-FA). The averaged results for each sample, including the number of runs used, and the standard deviation of the averaged results, are provided. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: CrockerReef_SieveGrainSize.xlsx Entity_Type_Definition: Microsoft Excel workbook summarizing grain-size distribution derived from sieve analysis for each sediment sample collected on Crocker Reef and the surrounding area (USGS FANs 2017-340-FA, 2018-301-FA, 2018-356-FA, and 2019-301-FA). Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: CrockerReef_SieveGrainSize.csv Entity_Type_Definition: CSV text file summarizing grain-size distribution derived from sieve analysis for each sediment sample collected on Crocker Reef and the surrounding area (USGS FANs 2017-340-FA, 2018-301-FA, 2018-356-FA, and 2019-301-FA). Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The detailed attribute descriptions for the grain-size workbooks are provided in the included data dictionaries (CrockerReef_CoulterGrainSize_DataDictionary.pdf and CrockerReef_SieveGrainSize_DataDictionary.pdf). These metadata are not complete without these files. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Legna M. Torres-Garcia Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ltorresgarcia@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable data Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Compressed (zip) archive Format_Version_Date: 2021 Format_Specification: WinZip, 7-Zip Format_Information_Content: This zip archive includes Microsoft Excel spreadsheets (.xlsx), CSV text files (.csv), Portable Document Format (PDF) files and accompanying metadata for grain-size data from sediment samples collected from Crocker Reef, FL (USGS FANs 2017-340-FA, 2018-301-FA, 2018-356-FA, and 2019-301-FA). File_Decompression_Technique: Unzip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P989A5F5/data/CrockerReef_GrainSize.zip Fees: None, if obtained online Technical_Prerequisites: The data tables for USGS FANs 2017-340-FA, 2018-301-FA, 2018-356-FA, and 2019-301-FA were created in Microsoft Excel version 2102 and can be opened using Microsoft Excel 2007 or higher. The data tables are also provided as CSV text files (.csv). The .csv data file contains the tabular data in plain text and may be viewed with a standard text editor. PDF files can be viewed using the free software Adobe Acrobat Reader (http://get.adobe.com/reader). Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20220121 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Legna M. Torres-Garcia Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ltorresgarcia@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None